Sustainable Water Provision

2011 ◽  
pp. 1768-1781
Author(s):  
Shinyi Lee ◽  
Tan Yigitcanlar ◽  
Prasanna Egodawatta ◽  
Ashantha Goonetilleke
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Current Water ◽  
Water Provision ◽  
Growth Changes

As a result of rapid urbanisation, population growth, changes in lifestyle, pollution and the impacts of climate change, water provision has become a critical challenge for planners and policy-makers. In the wake of increasingly difficult water provision and drought, the notion that freshwater is a finite and vulnerable resource is increasingly being realised. Many city administrations around the world are struggling to provide water security for their residents to maintain lifestyle and economic growth. This chapter reviews the global challenge of providing freshwater to sustain lifestyles and economic growth, and the contributing challenges of climate change, urbanisation, population growth and problems in rainfall distribution. The chapter proceeds to evaluate major alternatives to current water sources such as conservation, recycling and reclamation, and desalination. Integrated water resource management is briefly looked at to explore its role in complementing water provision. A comparative study on alternative resources is undertaken to evaluate their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and constraints, and the results are discussed.

scholarly journals Sustainable Water Provision

2010 ◽  
pp. 17-30
Author(s):  
Shinyi Lee ◽  
Tan Yigitcanlar ◽  
Prasanna Egodawatta ◽  
Ashantha Goonetilleke
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Current Water ◽  
Water Provision ◽  
Growth Changes

As a result of rapid urbanisation, population growth, changes in lifestyle, pollution and the impacts of climate change, water provision has become a critical challenge for planners and policy-makers. In the wake of increasingly difficult water provision and drought, the notion that freshwater is a finite and vulnerable resource is increasingly being realised. Many city administrations around the world are struggling to provide water security for their residents to maintain lifestyle and economic growth. This chapter reviews the global challenge of providing freshwater to sustain lifestyles and economic growth, and the contributing challenges of climate change, urbanisation, population growth and problems in rainfall distribution. The chapter proceeds to evaluate major alternatives to current water sources such as conservation, recycling and reclamation, and desalination. Integrated water resource management is briefly looked at to explore its role in complementing water provision. A comparative study on alternative resources is undertaken to evaluate their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and constraints, and the results are discussed.

Applied Perspectives on Pre-Columbian Maya Water Management Systems

2016 ◽  
pp. 505-523
Author(s):  
Christian Isendahl ◽  
Vernon L. Scarborough ◽  
Joel D. Gunn ◽  
Nicholas P. Dunning ◽  
Scott L. Fedick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Water Abundance ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Technological Diversity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Current Water

Water security is a fundamental global challenge for humanity. Suggesting that scholars, water management engineers, and policy-makers draw from a wide range of examples, this chapter argues that knowledge gained from archaeological research provides unique insights into the long-term function and efficacy of water management systems. This chapter presents six cases of water management systems in the pre-Columbian Maya lowlands, from the Yalahau, Puuc-Nohkakab, Petén Karst Plateau, and Belize River Valley subregions, that demonstrate significant variation; a product of the interplay between social, political, and economic factors and hydrological regimes. The analysis suggests four insights relevant for current water security concerns: (1) water management systems are characterized by a diversity of solutions, (2) water scarcity promotes increased management investments that result in long-term vulnerability, (3) water abundance does not require complex management systems but increases the risk for mismanagement, and (4) institutional and technological diversity provide flexibility and greater security.

scholarly journals Modelling multiple threats to water security in the Peruvian Amazon using the WaterWorld policy support system

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. J. van Soesbergen ◽  
M. Mulligan
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Water Quantity ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Gas Extraction ◽  
Peruvian Amazon ◽  
Rural Urban Migration

Abstract. This paper describes the application of WaterWorld (www.policysupport.org/waterworld) to the Peruvian Amazon, an area that is increasingly under pressure from deforestation and water pollution as a result of population growth, rural-to-urban migration and oil and gas extraction, potentially impacting both water quantity and water quality. By applying single and combined plausible scenarios of climate change, deforestation around existing and planned roads, population growth and rural–urban migration, mining and oil and gas exploitation, we explore the potential combined impacts of these multiple changes on water resources in the Peruvian Amazon.

Differentiated Responsibilities On Population Explosion And Its Impact On Environment – A Corridor For The Crossing?

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-115
Author(s):  
P.P. Sajimon
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Zero Population Growth ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Population And Environment

Climate change and disasters are fast emerging as the most significant challenges of the 21st century as global risks with impacts far beyond just the environment and implications on national security and development. As the world continues its contemporary patterns of production and consumption, the future is at immense risk. Climate Change has the potential to alter the ability of the earth’s physical and biological systems to provide goods and services essential for sustainable development. Today, a number of mainstream population and environment groups are claiming that population growth is a major cause of climate change and that lesser birth rates are the solution. If we cannot stabilize population, there is not an ecosystem on earth that we can save. If developing countries cannot stabilize their populations almost immediately, many of them face the disintegration of ecosystem. But in reality, even if we could today achieve zero population growth that would barely touch the climate problem — where we need to cut emissions by 50 to 80 percent by mid-century. Given existing income inequalities, it is inescapable that over consumption by the rich few is the key problem, rather than overpopulation of the poor many. In the absence of any commitment in the next two decades, their economies would become locked into a trajectory of elevated emissions and unsustainable development, while the cost of reversing the trend will become prohibitively high. This paper examines several outstanding issues on the interface between population and environment. Significantly, the study would come out with some policy recommendations to the policy makers.

scholarly journals Analysis of public policies and programmes towards water security in post-apartheid South Africa

Water Policy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Kwame Adom ◽  
Mulala Danny Simatele
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Management ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Private Equity ◽  
Water Governance ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Governance Capacity ◽  
Water Provision ◽  
The Government

Abstract Many countries in the world, including South Africa, are water-stressed with increasing pressure on their water resources due to population growth, climate change, and inadequate funding. Post independence in 1994, many policies and programmes were introduced by the government with the aim of promoting water management. While these policies and strategies achieved much in terms of water provision to communities and households, they failed to establish a water-conscious country with sufficient knowledge and expertise in water management. In addition, these policies and programmes are outdated, compartmentalised, complex, and lack robust water governance with resilient stakeholder partnerships that advance the more explicit second phase of the NDP to achieve water security under the threat of climate change. Using data collection tools inspired by the traditional method of participatory research, this paper analyses the structural and systematic factors hindering the implementation of comprehensive policies to achieve water security in South Africa. There is, therefore, an urgent need for South Africa to establish an independent water regulator to ensure coordination between different government departments, including the National Treasury, to strengthen weak governance capacity and to make it independent to attract private equity into the sector and to recover fiscal deficits in the water sector.

scholarly journals The Role of Water as a Non Traditional Security Challenge

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-116
Author(s):  
Ambika Vishwanth
Keyword(s):  
Water Security ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
End User ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
The Core ◽  
Water Wars ◽  
Security Challenge ◽  
The Subject

Challenges such as climate change, water and environment or even food security were not considered under the traditional security paradigm. In 1994, the UN Human Development report brought to the forefront the need to shift focus to the concept of people‟s security and identified several essentials including economic, health and environment security. Water, which lies at the core of these essentials did not find adequate prominence and while „water wars‟ was under the subject of academic scrutiny, the concept of water security as a global challenge did not receive adequate attention. Currently, water and its inextricable relationship to energy, food and development, and political stability is placed at the core of every security debate. In 2015, leaders at the WEF in Davos ranked water as the No.1 risk to societies. The paper explores how a change in attitude is required from policy makers to the end user.

Energy consumption, CO2 emissions, and economic growth in the United States, China, and India: A wavelet coherence approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 886-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Khochiani ◽  
Younes Nademi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
The United States ◽  
Wavelet Coherence ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Significant Positive Relationship ◽  
China And India

Climate change is one of the most dangerous threats to human beings, and therefore, it is of great importance for the researchers to inform the policy makers of the threats of climate change and global warming. One of the main causes of climate change is the greenhouse gas emissions, particularly CO2 emissions. In this paper, we try to find a nexus between energy consumption, CO2 emissions, and economic growth in the United States, China, and India, known as three most polluting countries in the world. For this purpose, we applied the wavelet correlation and the partial wavelet coherence approaches during the period 1971–2013. The empirical results for the United States show that the GDP is positively correlated with the CO2 emissions and energy consumption in all frequencies. For China, there is a significant positive relationship between the GDP and CO2 emissions/energy consumption for the short-term horizon. However, for India, although there is a significant positive relationship between the GDP and CO2 emissions, the nexus between the GDP and the energy consumption is not clear. Furthermore, the pollution haven hypothesis was confirmed by the obtained empirical results. Based on our study, we suggest the policy makers in these three countries making supportive decisions for the producers to use modern environment-friendly technologies and renewable energies in their products.

Present and future water security under socioeconomic and climate changes in the Vilcanota-Urubamba basin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres Goyburo ◽  
Pedro Rau ◽  
Waldo Lavado ◽  
Fabian Drenkhan ◽  
Wouter Buytaert
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Hydrological Modeling ◽  
Hydrological Cycle ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Glacier Melt ◽  
Current Water ◽  
The Impact

<p>This research assesses present (2009-2016) and future (until 2100) levels of water security taking into consideration socioeconomic and climate change scenarios using the WEAP (Water Evaluation and Planning) tool for semidistributed hydrological modeling. The study area covers the  Vilcanota-Urubamba basin in the southern Peruvian Andes and presents a complex water demand context as a glacier-fed system.</p><p>Current total water demand is estimated in 5.12E+9 m3/year and includes agriculture (6674.17 m3/year), domestic (7.79E+07m3/year), industrial (1.01E+06 m3/year) and energy (5.03e+9 m3/year) consumption. For assessing the current water supply, observed flow data is used to simulate and validate the model (also accounting for glacier melt contribution). The analysis of unmet water demand for the period 2016–2100 was computed using the soil moisture scheme of the WEAP model, which simulates the hydrological cycle and generates future scenarios for water demand. Different scenarios were generated for external driving factors (population growth and increasing agriculture area) and the impact of climate change to evaluate their effect on the current water supply system. </p><p>These results will allow for the first time to evaluate the impact of changes in glacier melt contributions on water security taking into account also changes in water demand.</p><p>This study also further explores the importance of incorporating science and policy within a broader study of water security. As a result, it is expected to deliver high spatial resolution water demand maps and adaptation strategies for stakeholders. This research is part of the RAHU project as a new multidisciplinary collaboration between UK and Peruvian scientists.</p>

scholarly journals Application of Intelligent Water Network in Water Resource Management: Framework And Case

10.29007/zffz ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingming Wang ◽  
Yong Zhao ◽  
Jiaqi Zhai ◽  
Yongnan Zhu ◽  
Shan Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Water Network ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Management Platform ◽  
Management Concepts ◽  
Process System ◽  
Technology Aids

Water security is a global challenge, and intelligent water network is an important way for some countries and companies to solve regional water problems. Intelligent water network is a comprehensive and systematic water management platform, with river and lake water connected as a physical basis, through the introduction and adoption of new frontier information technology aids and advanced water management concepts to achieve water cycle and its associated process system and efficient Control as the goal. This paper studies the framework of intelligent water network, and presents three main elements of water physical network, water information network and water dispatching network, and discusses the case in Beijing.

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