Nutritional and Pharmacological Properties of Bay Leaves (Laurus nobilis L.)

Laurus Nobilis ◽

The Family ◽

Pharmacological Studies ◽

Southern Mediterranean ◽

Leaf Oil ◽

Laurus nobilis L., commonly known as bay leaves, is native to the southern Mediterranean region. It is a small tree belonging to the genus Laurus of the family Lauraceae. The essential oils created from the different parts of this plant, such as the leaves and flowers, have been used in the food, drug, and cosmetic industries. The essential oil chiefly consists of 1,8-cineole, sabinene, α-pinene, and p-Cymene. Researchers have reported that bay leaves possess various biological and pharmacological properties, such as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, insecticidal, and nematicidal activities. Pharmacological studies found that bay leaf oil could be a promising candidate with the potential for designing new drugs. The goal of this review is to summarize the ethnomedicinal importance, phytochemistry, and wide spectrum of pharmacological and therapeutic applications of bay leaves, which will be useful to researchers for further study.

Therapeutic and Pharmaceutical Potential of Cinnamon

10.4018/978-1-6684-3546-5.ch036 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 698-710

Author(s):

Neha Mishra ◽

Rashmi Srivastava

Keyword(s):

Wide Spectrum ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Common Species ◽

New Drugs ◽

Bioactive Constituents ◽

Rheumatic Arthritis ◽

The Family ◽

Pharmacological Studies ◽

Therapeutic Properties ◽

The Himalaya

Cinnamon has been used as a spice, condiment, and aromatic plant since centuries ago. Cinnamon is a small evergreen tree belonging to the genus Cinnamomum in the family Lauraceae. There are more than 250 species of cinnamon worldwide. In India, Cinnamomum verum and Cinnamomum cassia are the most common species grown in the Himalaya region. They have been used as folk medicine for the treatment of nausea, flatulent dyspepsia, coughs, diarrhea, malaria, gastric disorder, and to alleviate pain and inflammation in rheumatic arthritis. Therapeutic properties of cinnamon are due to the presence of bioactive constituents such as p-coumaric, cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, and eugenol. Cinnamaldehyde and eugenol are the major active constituents responsible for its characteristic flavor, aroma, and therapeutic properties. Pharmacological studies found that it could be a promising candidate with potential for designing new drugs. This review is aimed to summarize the ethanomedicinal importance, phytochemistry, and wide spectrum of pharmacological and therapeutic applications of cinnamon.

Ethnopharmacological Investigation of Indian Spices - Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care ◽

Therapeutic and Pharmaceutical Potential of Cinnamon

10.4018/978-1-7998-2524-1.ch010 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 124-136

Author(s):

Neha Mishra ◽

Rashmi Srivastava

Keyword(s):

Wide Spectrum ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Common Species ◽

New Drugs ◽

Bioactive Constituents ◽

Rheumatic Arthritis ◽

The Family ◽

Pharmacological Studies ◽

Therapeutic Properties ◽

The Himalaya

Cinnamon has been used as a spice, condiment, and aromatic plant since centuries ago. Cinnamon is a small evergreen tree belonging to the genus Cinnamomum in the family Lauraceae. There are more than 250 species of cinnamon worldwide. In India, Cinnamomum verum and Cinnamomum cassia are the most common species grown in the Himalaya region. They have been used as folk medicine for the treatment of nausea, flatulent dyspepsia, coughs, diarrhea, malaria, gastric disorder, and to alleviate pain and inflammation in rheumatic arthritis. Therapeutic properties of cinnamon are due to the presence of bioactive constituents such as p-coumaric, cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, and eugenol. Cinnamaldehyde and eugenol are the major active constituents responsible for its characteristic flavor, aroma, and therapeutic properties. Pharmacological studies found that it could be a promising candidate with potential for designing new drugs. This review is aimed to summarize the ethanomedicinal importance, phytochemistry, and wide spectrum of pharmacological and therapeutic applications of cinnamon.

A Review of the Phytochemistry, Traditional Uses and Antibacterial Potential of Psidium guajava

Letters in Applied NanoBioScience ◽

10.33263/lianbs103.25062514 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 2506-2514

Keyword(s):

Biological Activities ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

New Drugs ◽

Bioactive Constituents ◽

Traditional Uses ◽

The Family ◽

Pharmacological Studies ◽

Reliable Knowledge ◽

Important Drug ◽

Antibacterial Potential

Psidium guajava is a tropical evergreen tree. It belongs to the family Myrtaceae that consists of about 133 genera and approximately 3800 species worldwide. This plant is mainly found in South Africa, North Africa, South America, and Southeast Asia. Psidium guajava is mainly a nutritional plant, but it also shows various biological activities. An array of bioactive constituents, viz; glycosides, terpenoids, tannins, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, amino acids, anthraquinones, proteins, flavonoids, and phenols, etc. have been isolated from Psidium guajava. These phytochemicals are well known for their biological activities, including antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal, etc. The present work has been performed to gather data about the traditional uses, important phytochemicals, and antibacterial efficiency of Psidium guajava. Many pharmacological studies have demonstrated its antibacterial potential against various important drug resistive pathogens. We invite researchers' attention to carry out detailed antibacterial studies on this valuable plant species to provide reliable knowledge to the patients and discover more novel compounds for the development of new drugs with fewer side effects compared to conventional medicines.

Ethnopharmacological Investigation of Indian Spices - Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care ◽

Pharmacological Applications of Saffron (Crocus sativus)

10.4018/978-1-7998-2524-1.ch006 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 85-92

Author(s):

Priyanka Singh

Keyword(s):

Health Management ◽

Crocus Sativus ◽

In Vivo Studies ◽

The Family ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Tumour Activity ◽

Saffron spice also known as Crocus sativus (Saffron crocus) belongs to the family of iridaceae. Many studies have proved its potential role in disease eradication. It has been reported to possess the attributes of a sedative, an anti-asthma, an emmenagogue, an expectorant, and an adaptogenic agent. Crocin, crocetin, and safranal are the most important biochemically active ingredients that were found in different parts of the plants in varying proportions like the peels, fruits, seeds, and rind of Crocus sativus. The in vitro and in vivo studies showed that saffron has got its therapeutic implication in health management via anti-oxidant, anti-microbial, hepatoprotective, and anti-tumour activity. This review attempts to reveal the potential pharmacological properties of Crocus sativus. It also draws attention towards the use of herbs and spices in various ailments without facing the harmful side effects of chemically derived medicine.

Traditional knowledge to clinical trials: a review on nutritional and therapeutic potential of Pithecellobium dulce

Journal of Basic and Clinical Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1515/jbcpp-2020-0166 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Suresh Sulekha Dhanisha ◽

Sudarsanan Drishya ◽

Chandrasekharan Guruvayoorappan

Keyword(s):

Combinatorial Chemistry ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

New Drugs ◽

Traditional System ◽

The Past ◽

Drug Of Choice ◽

Anti Oxidant ◽

Therapeutic Properties ◽

Abstract The review describes botanical aspects, bioactive phytocompounds and pharmacological properties of different parts of Pithecellobium dulce, with special emphasis on the nutritional status of its fruits. The different parts of plant extract have been reported to possess anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, anti-diabetic, cardio protective, anti-diarrhoeal, anti-ulcerogenic, larvicidal and ovicidal activities. Different parts of plant extracts were reported to contain several bioactive phytocompounds such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins, alkaloids etc. Natural products discovered so far served as a viable source for new drugs. Over the past few years, continued and perpetual attention of people has been paid to medicinal plants in connection with its remarkable importance in drug discovery. Plant products always remains a drug of choice for the identification of novel leads despite facing a tough competition from existing synthetic alternatives derived from combinatorial chemistry, owing to their efficacy, side effects, and safety. P. dulce is a highly acclaimed genus in traditional system of medicine because of its versatile nutraceutical and pharmacological properties. In this review we discuss in detail about nutritional and various therapeutic properties of P. dulce.

A Comprehensive Review on Pharmacological Properties of Abrus precatorius L.

The Natural Products Journal ◽

10.2174/2210315509666190801104010 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 543-549

Author(s):

Vijay Chopra ◽

Aishwarya Shriwastva ◽

Gopal L. Khatik ◽

Manish Vyas ◽

Pramod Yadav ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemotherapeutic Agent ◽

Anthelmintic Activity ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Poisonous Plant ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Active Constituents ◽

Abrus Precatorius ◽

The Family ◽

Background: Abrus precatorius L. (A. precatorius) is a valuable plant from the family Fabaceae which is a pea family. It is commonly known as Gunja or Jequirity, significantly found throughout India mainly Himalaya to Southern India and Ceylon. It is considered a poisonous plant due to the presence of abrin. Objective: A. precatorius has many pharmacological and biologically active constituents, such as alkaloids, glycosides and flavonoids situated in different parts of the plant. The objective of this review is to provide a retrospective study based on its anticancer potential. Results: Recent studies of A. precatorius are based on the isolation, characterization, and pharmacological evaluation of different secondary metabolites. These constituents possess significant cytotoxic properties against various cancer cell lines including breast, lung, liver, ovarian, prostate and leukaemia. A. precatorius is also reported to have anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, abortifacient, antioxidant, anthelmintic activity, antifertility, nephroprotective, and immunomodulatory activities. Conclusion: The present review summarizes the anticancer potential of A. precatorius and its constituents. However, extensive research is required to establish it as a potent chemotherapeutic agent.

Traditional uses, Antimicrobial potential, Pharmacological properties and Phytochemistry of Viola odorata: A Mini Review

The Journal of Phytopharmacology ◽

10.31254/phyto.2018.7120 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 103-105

Author(s):

Ajeet Singh ◽

◽

Shweta Dhariwal ◽

Navneet ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sore Throat ◽

Common Cold ◽

Special Position ◽

Viola Odorata ◽

Associated Diseases ◽

Antimicrobial Potential ◽

The Family ◽

Pharmacological Studies

Viola odorata Linn. is belongs to the family violaceae. It is popularly known as Sweet Violet, English Violet, Common Violet, or Garden Violet and Gulbanafsa in Hindi. V. odorata is commonly used as remedy for coughs, sore throat, hoarseness and tonsillitis. It is valued as an expectorant, antioxidant, diaphoretic, antibacterial, antipyretic, diuretic and as a laxative. The pharmacological studies revealed the role of V. odorata in some Unani drugs for treatment of common cold, asthma, antimicrobial, and cough associated diseases. It is rich in many phytoconstituents such as, saponins, salicylates, alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenolics, coumarins, phenolic glycosides, gaultherin, violutoside, saponins, flavonoids, and odoratine. It is an ethnobotanical herb of India. It holds a special position as a potent adaptive and aphrodisiac in Ayurvedic System of Medicine

GABAA receptors: Various stoichiometrics of subunit arrangement in α1β3 and α1β3ε receptors

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612824666180515123921 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 24 (17) ◽

pp. 1839-1844 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ahmad Tarmizi Che Has ◽

Mary Chebib

Keyword(s):

Central Nervous System ◽

Gabaa Receptors ◽

Binding Sites ◽

New Drugs ◽

Receptor Complex ◽

The Third ◽

Γ Subunit ◽

Subunit Stoichiometry ◽

The Central Nervous System

GABAA receptors are members of the Cys-loop family of ligand-gated ion channels which mediate most inhibitory neurotransmission in the central nervous system. These receptors are pentameric assemblies of individual subunits, including α1-6, β1-3, γ1-3, δ, ε, π, θ and ρ1-3. The majority of receptors are comprised of α, β and γ or δ subunits. Depending on the subunit composition, the receptors are located in either the synapses or extrasynaptic regions. The most abundant receptors are α1βγ2 receptors, which are activated and modulated by a variety of pharmacologically and clinically unrelated agents such as benzodiazepines, barbiturates, anaesthetics and neurosteroids, all of which bind at distinct binding sites located within the receptor complex. However, compared to αβγ, the binary αβ receptors lack a benzodiazepine α-γ2 interface. In pentameric αβ receptors, the third subunit is replaced with either an α1 or a β3 subunit leading to two distinct receptors that differ in subunit stoichiometry, 2α:3β or 3α:2β. The consequence of this is that 3α:2β receptors contain an α-α interface whereas 2α:3β receptors contain a β-β interface. Apart from the replacement of γ by α1 or β3 in binary receptors, the incorporation of ε subunit into GABAA receptors might be more complicated. As the ε subunit is not only capable of substituting the γ subunit, but also replacing the α/β subunits, receptors with altered stoichiometry and different pharmacological properties are produced. The different subunit arrangement of the receptors potentially constructs novel binding sites which may become new targets of the current or new drugs.

Tamarix articulata (T. articulata) - An Important Halophytic Medicinal Plant with Potential Pharmacological Properties

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology ◽

10.2174/1389201020666190318120103 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 285-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Abdullah M. Alnuqaydan ◽

Bilal Rah

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plant ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Biological Properties ◽

In Vivo Model ◽

Drug Candidate ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Pharmacological Properties

Background:Tamarix Articulata (T. articulata), commonly known as Tamarisk or Athal in Arabic region, belongs to the Tamaricaece species. It is an important halophytic medicinal plant and a good source of polyphenolic phytochemical(s). In traditional medicines, T. articulata extract is commonly used, either singly or in combination with other plant extracts against different ailments since ancient times.Methods:Electronic database survey via Pubmed, Google Scholar, Researchgate, Scopus and Science Direct were used to review the scientific inputs until October 2018, by searching appropriate keywords. Literature related to pharmacological activities of T. articulata, Tamarix species, phytochemical analysis of T. articulata, biological activities of T. articulata extracts. All of these terms were used to search the scientific literature associated with T. articulata; the dosage of extract, route of administration, extract type, and in-vitro and in-vivo model.Results:Numerous reports revealed that T. articulata contains a wide spectrum of phytochemical(s), which enables it to have a wide window of biological properties. Owing to the presence of high content of phytochemical compounds like polyphenolics and flavonoids, T. articulata is a potential source of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties. In view of these pharmacological properties, T. articulata could be a potential drug candidate to treat various clinical conditions including cancer in the near future.Conclusion:In this review, the spectrum of phytochemical(s) has been summarized for their pharmacological properties and the mechanisms of action, and the possible potential therapeutic applications of this plant against various diseases discussed.