Amiais

2021 ◽  
pp. 298-320
Author(s):  
Ana Melro ◽  
Lídia Oliveira ◽  
Ana Carla Amaro
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Village

The chapter takes a journey through the place, revisiting the central dimensions for its development, particularly, for LOCUS project – playful connected rural territories. These dimensions are playfulness, labor and school, affection, architecture, and religion. For the knowledge and understanding of all these dimensions, semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants, agents from and in the territory (stakeholders), informal conversations with inhabitants, and participant observation of two of the oldest traditional festivals in the village. Amiais is facing some social and demographic processes, (1) search of the younger population for more densified urban areas, (2) which leads to aging population and depopulation of the territory, which tends to cause the (3) loss of cultural heritage, but, at the same time, (4) a change in local architecture.

Reviving the consumption of insects in Japan: a promising case of hebo (Vespula spp., wasps) by high school club activities

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Nonaka ◽  
H. Yanagihara
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
New Development ◽  
School Research ◽  
Recent Initiative

For people who hunt and eat hebo (Vespula spp., wasps) it is more about culture than it is about food production or environmental sustainability in mountainous central Japan. Individuals who currently semi-cultivate hebo do not intend to industrialize hebo semi-cultivation. Semi-cultivation of hebo is a seasonal activity and it is a hobby for them. This paper focuses on the declining number of wasp hunters. The number declined because younger generations did not take up the hobby or moved to urban areas in search of jobs. Hebo hunters thus consisted of seniors only. The number further declined as those who reached old age were no longer able to practice hebo hunting. Very recently, initiated a promising new development at Ena Agricultural High School. The support to the Hebo Club initiative was quickly expanded and now covers the members belonging to the Japan Vespula Association, and academics involved in edible insect research. We present an overview of the efforts of hebo hunters to maintain and promote the use of Vespula spp. as food and we describe the Hebo Club, a promising recent initiative spearheaded by the students of Ena Agricultural High School. The information was collected between fiscal 2015 and 2017 (namely from September 2015 to March 2018) by participant observation and semi-structured interviews with hebo hunters collaborating with the Hebo Club activities. The Hebo Club uses a hands-on approach: students gain knowledge on edible wasps and their semi-cultivation by actively engaging in the semi-cultivation of the wasps. The club thus teaches the students about resource use by engaging in resource use. The students are taught by experienced wasp hunters how to find, collect, house, and raise hebo. The Hebo Club’s colonies are housed in a shed in the school research forest. By cooperating with the members belonging to various Hebo Associations of south-eastern Gifu and northern Aichi, the students experience the variation in employed techniques and equipment, and make observations of hebo biology and ecology in different environments. Other than the hebo season, the club practice develops their idea for local development and applying it to tourism according to the evaluation of their activities. The successful beginning of the Hebo Club, a well-organized cultural initiative spearheaded by youngsters who are backed by seniors, is indicative of how people caring about hebo culture in central mountainous Japan maintains and preserves its culture and identity.

“Hanging Out” while Studying “Up”: Doing Ethnographic Fieldwork in International Relations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deepak Nair
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
International Politics ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Social Elites ◽  
Mise En Scene ◽  
Building Rapport ◽  
The Village ◽  
Studying Up

AbstractThis article advances a methodological argument on how to do ethnographic fieldwork amid social elites and inaccessible bureaucracies in international politics. Instead of participant observation or semi-structured interviews, the article proposes “hanging out” as an alternative strategy to generate immersion and ethnographic insight. While the ethnographer studying “down” is arguably always “hanging out” (the village as the exemplary mise-en-scene of this genre), this technique takes a more defined form when studying “up” elites. Specifically, hanging out when studying “up” is a strategy where the fieldworker commits to a period of continuous residence amid members of a community; engages in ludic, informal, and often sociable interactions outside or at the sidelines of their professional habitats; and participates in a range of activities where building rapport is as important as the primary goals of the research. I illustrate this methodological strategy and its payoffs by reflecting upon a year of fieldwork among the diplomats and bureaucrats of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations—an informal, quiet, and often sub rosa diplomatic project run by a band of mostly authoritarian states in Southeast Asia. This article contributes to debates on the viability of ethnographic fieldwork in international relations (IR); advances a methodological corrective to fieldwork prescriptions in new micropolitical studies of practice, interactions, and emotions in IR; and offers a practical illustration of what studying “up” looks like in diplomacy and international politics.

scholarly journals A GESTÃO DO PATRIMÔNIO E A RESSIMBOLIZAÇÃO DE CÁRCERES TOMBADOS

2020 ◽  
Vol II (5) ◽  
pp. 143-165
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Barradas Maranhão ◽  
Henry Socrates Lavalle Sullasi
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Methodological Procedures ◽  
Espirito Santo

The objective of this work is to analyze the process of cultural heritage policies of former detention houses and understand what their transformation in cultural and tourist instruments. Three old prisons were studied: the “Cadeia Eclesiástica (Aljube)” located in Olinda/PE (current “Museu de Arte Contemporânea de Pernambuco”), The “Casa de Câmara e Cadeia” located in Pirenópolis/GO (current “Museu do Divino Espírito Santo”) and the “Casa de detenção do Recife” (current “Casa da Cultura de Pernambuco”). As methodological procedures were carried out: semi-structured interviews; participant observation; and the survey of official and media documents, discussed under the perspective of the anthropology of heritage and tourism. The analysis of the data shows little memorial and cultural reflexivity on the part of the interviewees. The results show that the prisons in question survive for tourism sustainability, guaranteeing their maintenance, but in a more economical than memorial scope.

Embodying ageing: middle-aged and older women's bodily fitness and aesthetics in urban China

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Li Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Leisure Activity ◽  
Urban China ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Face ◽  
Older Chinese

Abstract This article explores the embodied practices of anti-ageing among middle-aged and older Chinese women (damas) who engage in plaza dancing (guangchangwu) as a leisure activity in urban areas. Drawing upon data collected from three months of participant observation in three different plaza dance groups and 29 semi-structured interviews with older Chinese women, I first investigate my participants’ experiences of plaza dancing in terms of health-keeping and bodily maintenance. I then analyse their usage of cosmetic products at a time when the beauty economy is booming during the post-Mao era. These female plaza dancers’ bodily regulation and ‘beautification’ indicate not only older women's strategies and struggles in the face of the double standard of ageing, but also a change in the age hierarchy under the transforming socio-cultural landscape of urban China, which is generating new social norms.

scholarly journals Use of Medicinal Plants in Urban Areas in the Municipality of Aliança of Tocantins

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-113
Author(s):  
Jaqueline Cibene Moreira Borges ◽  
Cristiane Mendes Lourenço ◽  
Livia Zanatta ◽  
Vanderson Ramos Mafra ◽  
Saulo José Lima Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Number Of Citations ◽  
Medicinal Flora

Research that takes account of popular uses of medicinal plants, also in urban areas, is important records to subsidize health actions more effectively and safely and maintain the local cultural heritage, as advocated by the national policy of medicinal plants. This study aimed to survey the use of medicinal plants by residents of the municipality of Aliança the Tocantins. In 2011, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 70 informants in the urban environment, Aliança of Tocantins. Most claimed to have acquired knowledge about medicinal plants with parents and grandparents, 60% and 25.7%, respectively. 62.9% of the interviewees obtained the plants in their backyard and 30% in the backyard of neighbors or relatives. The families with the highest number of species were Lamiaceae with 4 species (40%), Asteraceae and Malvaceae with 2 species each (20%). There were 82 therapeutic properties about the species mentioned, with a higher number of citations for "other indications" (25.6%), such as pain in general, back pain, malaise, dizziness, among others. The most used form of preparation was tea (81.4%) and the leaf was the most used organ (81.4%). Of the informants, 61.4% prefer to use home remedies instead of industrialized medicines. The informants, even living in the urban environment (82.8%), still know and frequently use the local medicinal flora, this being an indication of strong local cultural appeal and feasibility of encouraging green backyards.

scholarly journals Mainstream digitale e altre immagini urbane. Una ricerca empirica nel sito UNESCO di Palermo

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emanuela Caravello
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Urban Image ◽  
World Heritage List ◽  
The World ◽  
The City

The research deepens the role of new technologies in the construction of geographical imaginaries investigating the dimension of the offer related to the cultural heritage of the city of Palermo. The study was conducted using qualitative methods and provided for the application of two research techniques: participant observation and semi-structured interviews. By interpreting the results produced, the contribution aims to highlight the predominance of an urban image, linked to the UNESCO inclusion of the site in the World Heritage List, which is conveyed through new technologies. Developing a reflection on the alternative capacity of new media to dislocate and challenge shared images, the study will also examine the role of technologies in the production of imaginative counter-geographies.

Parental evidence of impact of policy on worst forms of child labour in rural and urban Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-260
Author(s):  
Obed Adonteng-Kissi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Child Labour ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Framework Approach ◽  
Legislative Reforms ◽  
Evidence Of Impact

AbstractThis paper aimed to ascertain parental evidence of impact of policy on worst forms of child labour (WFCL) in rural and urban Ghana amongst 460 participants: I utilised 400 survey participants whose children were/were not involved in child labour and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques and applying the Stata Version 13 software. I also utilised 60 government officials; NGO representatives; and both parents whose children were/were not involved in child labour. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with parents (10), stakeholders (10), focus groups (30); and participant observation techniques (10) were utilised to gather the needed data and purposively sampled across rural areas (Ankaase, Anwiankwanta and Kensere), and urban areas (Jamestown, Korle Gonno and Chorkor) in Ghana. Interviews were recorded, transcribed utilising a framework approach as the main qualitative data analysis method. Parental evidence suggests that new laws, legislative reforms, programmes and activities have helped to reduce WFCL in Ghana.

Ethnobotanical Knowledge of an Eskimo Family: Naukan Yupiks [Etnobotanicheskoe znanie odnoi eskimosskoi sem’i: naukanskie yupiki]

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 17-32
Author(s):  
V. Kolosova ◽  
◽  
Kevin Jernigan ◽  
Olga Belichenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Ethnobotanical Knowledge ◽  
Sharp Decline ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Plant Uses ◽  
The Village ◽  
Culture And Language

This article analyzes the Naukan Yupiks ethnobotanical knowledge, i.e. the use of plants as food, medicine, household or ritual objects, on the example of one family. The resettlement from Cape Dezhnev to other settlements led to significant changes in their culture and language proficiency. Fieldwork was carried out in summer 2014 in the village of Uelen, Chukotka, using the methods of structured interviews and participant observation. Informants named 26 species belonging to 18 families; these species gave a total of 170 plant uses. Within one family, there is a sharp decline in the knowledge of the Naukan phytonyms, as well as the repertoire of plants used from older generations to younger ones. The disappearing knowledge includes the collection of plant roots harvested by tundra voles. However, aerial parts of plants, berries, and algae remain popular. The variety of methods for preparing plants is increasing, including due to contact with the Russian-speaking population and access to new technologies.

scholarly journals ANALYSING COMMUNITY PERCEPTIONS ON INCENTIVE STRATEGIES IN SAFEGUARDING A MALAY HERITAGE VILLAGE: THE CASE OF KAMPUNG MORTEN, MELAKA

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indera Syahrul Mat Radzua ◽  
Yahaya Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Policy Framework ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Conservation Incentives ◽  
Incentive Strategies ◽  
Programme Outcomes ◽  
The Village

Over-commercialism and the threats posed by uncontrolled development have slowly been eroding the cultural heritage stock, especially in the case of the traditional settlements. This paper reveals the community perceptions and feedbacks on the incentives given in safeguarding the uniqueness of a Malay heritage village known as Kampung Morten in Melaka. This study set out to determine the overarching question, which was, whether the incentive programmes formulated for the community have been found to be suitable to the aspirations and ‘real’ needs of the local communities. Mixed method approaches were used in this study which included document reviews, observations, structured interviews and a questionnaire survey; and involved the residents living in the village. This study evaluates the findings concerning the present policy framework, for understanding and managing the cultural heritage incentives programme in safeguarding the heritage village to establish a sustainable community. This paper has been able to reveal several issues on the conservation incentives policy, most notably of which is the incompatibility of the local communities’ needs with the programme outcomes.

scholarly journals Cooperation System of Gaduh Sapi in Fiqh Mu’āmalah in Tanjung Kulon Kajen Village Pekalongan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Hendri Hermawan Adinugraha ◽  
Elsa Vani Mawaddah ◽  
Ali Muhtarom
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The People ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
Capital Owner ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cooperation System ◽  
The Village

<p dir="ltr"><span>This study aims to describe the “gaduh sapi” collaboration in terms of practice and review of mu’āmalah fiqh in Tanjung Kulon Village, Kajen Country, Pekalongan District. This research is using descriptive qualitative research. The sources used in this study are data from interviews, observations, documentation, and literature data. The subjects of this study were cattle managers and owners of capital. Data collection techniques used non-participant observation methods, structured interviews, and documentation. The data analysis used is qualitative by using the deductive method. The study results show that the practice of “gaduh sapi” in Tanjung Kulon Village follows the habits of the village community both in terms of how to manage, provide capital, and share profits. The model of rowdy practice is carried out with two events, namely fattening and breeding. The “gaduh sapi” collaboration carried out by the community as a means of helping. The practice of “gaduh sapi” cooperation carried out by the community is in accordance with the rules of fiqh mu’āmalah, namely using a muḍārabah contract. Because the capital owner gives the business manager the freedom to manage his business, develop it without limiting the type, time, and place. The capital used in this rowdy cooperation practice is goods, namely cows. This follows one of the conditions for muḍārabah capital: it can be in the form of money or goods that are valued (cows are included). So that at the end of time the distribution of results can be distinguished from profits. Where cattle capital remains the right of the owner of the capital, then the fattening and breeding results are shared. The provisions of the benefits carried out by the people of Tanjung Kulon Village are by the rules of al-ghunmu bi al- ghurmi (risks are balanced with benefits). This study also confirms that there are no contracts containing gharar in the “gaduh sapi” practice.</span></p><p><em>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan “gaduh sapi” dari segi praktik dan tinjauan fiqh mu’āmalah di Desa Tanjung Kulon, Kecamatan Kajen, Kabupaten Pekalongan. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Sumber yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data hasil wawancara</em><em>, observasi, dokumentasi,</em><em> dan data literatur. Subjek penelitian ini adalah pengelola sapi dan pemilik modal. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi non-partisipan, wawancara terstruktur</em><em>, dan dokumentasi. </em><em>Analisis data yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deduktif.</em><em> </em><em>Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa</em><em> </em><em>p</em><em>ra</em><em>ktik “gaduh sapi” di Desa Tanjung Kulon mengikuti  kebiasaan  masyarakat  desa baik  dari  segi  cara  pengelolaan,  penyediaan modal, dan pembagian keuntungan. Model praktik gaduh yang dilakukan dengan dua acara yaitu penggemukan dan pengembangbiakan. Kerjasama “gaduh sapi” yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat sebagai sarana tolong menolong. Praktik kerjasama “gaduh sapi” yang dilakukan masyarakat sudah sesuai dengan aturan fiqh mu’āmalah, yaitu menggunakan akad mu</em><em>ḍ</em><em>ārabah. Pengelola usaha diberi kebebasan oleh pemilik  modal  untuk  mengelola  usahanya,  mengembangkan  tanpa  memberi batasan  jenis,  waktu  serta  tempat. Modal yang digunakan dalam praktik kerjasama gaduh ini adalah barang yaitu sapi. Hal ini sudah sesuai dengan </em><em>salah satu syarat modal mu</em><em>ḍ</em><em>ārabah </em><em>yaitu</em><em> dapat berbentuk uang atau barang yang dinilai</em><em> (sapi termasuk di dalamnya)</em><em>. Pada waktu akhir pembagian hasil dapat dibedakan dari keuntungan. Dimana modal sapi tetap menjadi hak pemilik modal, selanjutnya hasil penggemukan dan pengembangbiakan yang dibagihasilkan. Ketentuan keuntungan yang dilakukan masyarakat Desa Tanjung Kulon telah sesuai dengan kaidah al-ghunmu bi al-ghurmi. </em><em>Hasil</em><em> penelitian ini juga menegaskan bahwa </em><em>tidak ditemukan</em><em> </em><em>akad yang mengandung gharār</em><em> dalam </em><em>praktik</em><em> </em><em>“gaduh sapi”</em><em> disana.</em><em></em></p><p><em><br /></em></p>

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