scholarly journals Cooperation System of Gaduh Sapi in Fiqh Mu’āmalah in Tanjung Kulon Kajen Village Pekalongan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Hendri Hermawan Adinugraha ◽  
Elsa Vani Mawaddah ◽  
Ali Muhtarom
Keyword(s):  
Participant Observation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The People ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
Capital Owner ◽  
The Right ◽  
Cooperation System ◽  
The Village

<p dir="ltr"><span>This study aims to describe the “gaduh sapi” collaboration in terms of practice and review of mu’āmalah fiqh in Tanjung Kulon Village, Kajen Country, Pekalongan District. This research is using descriptive qualitative research. The sources used in this study are data from interviews, observations, documentation, and literature data. The subjects of this study were cattle managers and owners of capital. Data collection techniques used non-participant observation methods, structured interviews, and documentation. The data analysis used is qualitative by using the deductive method. The study results show that the practice of “gaduh sapi” in Tanjung Kulon Village follows the habits of the village community both in terms of how to manage, provide capital, and share profits. The model of rowdy practice is carried out with two events, namely fattening and breeding. The “gaduh sapi” collaboration carried out by the community as a means of helping. The practice of “gaduh sapi” cooperation carried out by the community is in accordance with the rules of fiqh mu’āmalah, namely using a muḍārabah contract. Because the capital owner gives the business manager the freedom to manage his business, develop it without limiting the type, time, and place. The capital used in this rowdy cooperation practice is goods, namely cows. This follows one of the conditions for muḍārabah capital: it can be in the form of money or goods that are valued (cows are included). So that at the end of time the distribution of results can be distinguished from profits. Where cattle capital remains the right of the owner of the capital, then the fattening and breeding results are shared. The provisions of the benefits carried out by the people of Tanjung Kulon Village are by the rules of al-ghunmu bi al- ghurmi (risks are balanced with benefits). This study also confirms that there are no contracts containing gharar in the “gaduh sapi” practice.</span></p><p><em>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan “gaduh sapi” dari segi praktik dan tinjauan fiqh mu’āmalah di Desa Tanjung Kulon, Kecamatan Kajen, Kabupaten Pekalongan. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Sumber yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu data hasil wawancara</em><em>, observasi, dokumentasi,</em><em> dan data literatur. Subjek penelitian ini adalah pengelola sapi dan pemilik modal. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi non-partisipan, wawancara terstruktur</em><em>, dan dokumentasi. </em><em>Analisis data yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deduktif.</em><em> </em><em>Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa</em><em> </em><em>p</em><em>ra</em><em>ktik “gaduh sapi” di Desa Tanjung Kulon mengikuti  kebiasaan  masyarakat  desa baik  dari  segi  cara  pengelolaan,  penyediaan modal, dan pembagian keuntungan. Model praktik gaduh yang dilakukan dengan dua acara yaitu penggemukan dan pengembangbiakan. Kerjasama “gaduh sapi” yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat sebagai sarana tolong menolong. Praktik kerjasama “gaduh sapi” yang dilakukan masyarakat sudah sesuai dengan aturan fiqh mu’āmalah, yaitu menggunakan akad mu</em><em>ḍ</em><em>ārabah. Pengelola usaha diberi kebebasan oleh pemilik  modal  untuk  mengelola  usahanya,  mengembangkan  tanpa  memberi batasan  jenis,  waktu  serta  tempat. Modal yang digunakan dalam praktik kerjasama gaduh ini adalah barang yaitu sapi. Hal ini sudah sesuai dengan </em><em>salah satu syarat modal mu</em><em>ḍ</em><em>ārabah </em><em>yaitu</em><em> dapat berbentuk uang atau barang yang dinilai</em><em> (sapi termasuk di dalamnya)</em><em>. Pada waktu akhir pembagian hasil dapat dibedakan dari keuntungan. Dimana modal sapi tetap menjadi hak pemilik modal, selanjutnya hasil penggemukan dan pengembangbiakan yang dibagihasilkan. Ketentuan keuntungan yang dilakukan masyarakat Desa Tanjung Kulon telah sesuai dengan kaidah al-ghunmu bi al-ghurmi. </em><em>Hasil</em><em> penelitian ini juga menegaskan bahwa </em><em>tidak ditemukan</em><em> </em><em>akad yang mengandung gharār</em><em> dalam </em><em>praktik</em><em> </em><em>“gaduh sapi”</em><em> disana.</em><em></em></p><p><em><br /></em></p>

Paradigma Pembangunan Desa dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa Berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 Tentang Desa

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-132
Author(s):  
Betha Rahmasari
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Village Community ◽  
Development Organizations ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Village

This article aims to find out the developmentidea or paradigm through village financial management based on Law Number 6 of 2014 concerning Villages. In this study, the researcher used a normative research methodby examining the village regulations in depth. Primary legal materials are authoritatuve legal materials in the form of laws and regulations. Village dependence is the most obvious violence against village income or financial sources. Various financial assistance from the government has made the village dependent on financial sources from the government. The use of regional development funds is intended to support activities in the management of Regional Development organizations. Therefore, development funds should be managed properly and smoothly, as well as can be used effectively to increase the people economy in the regions. This research shows that the law was made to regulate and support the development of local economic potential as well as the sustainable use of natural resources and the environment, and that the village community has the right to obtain information and monitor the planning and implementation of village development.

scholarly journals The Beliefs and Aesthetics of Isaan Heritage Trees

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Surasak Sornsena ◽  
Preechawut Apirating ◽  
Sipp Suksamran
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The People ◽  
Study Results ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Art Elements ◽  
Heritage Trees ◽  
Heritage Tree

This article is a part of a Doctoral Thesis titled “Isaan Heritage Tree: From the Belief and the Aesthetic to the Creation of Visual Arts,” with the objectives of studying the belief and the aesthetic that exist in the Isaan Heritage Tree using the qualitative method. The study’s target groups can be divided into three following groups: the experts, the practitioners, and the related people. The area of study is in the Isaan region. The region is divided into upper Isaan, mid-Isaan, and lower Isaan. The research tools consist of surveys, non-participatory observation, and structured and non-structured interviews. The data collected from documents and field data was analyzed using Aesthetic Theory and Symbolic Interactionism Theory and presented using descriptive analysis.  The study results show that Isaan has a long history and development both in geography, the administration, society, the culture, and the migration of people who came to settle in the area from Luang Phrabang, Vientiane, and Champasak. This had caused the people and nation’s coming together and led to social management, which consists of regulations, religion, and belief. The beliefs of the Isaan people are connected to forest spirits, household spirits, or tree spirits. Five following characteristics of the Heritage Trees were also found: 1) The traditional beliefs related to the Heritage Trees of Isaan. 2) The new belief. 3) The beliefs that are connected to the locations. 4) The beliefs in the tree spirits whose identity and gender cannot be identified. 5) Auspicious and inauspicious beliefs. There are three aspects for the aesthetics: Aesthetic elements are the feeling of amazement due to the gigantic size filled with astonishment, mystery, and the fear of power. The interesting aspects of Art elements are the unity and relationship to the seasons, such as the Fall season, Rainy Season, and the blooming of flowers that contribute to the changes in the aesthetics changes. The visual art elements consist of six following components; bodies and shapes, lines, colors, textures, light and shadows, and area. It was found that the gigantic size and height cause amazements to the viewers. The physical lines of the Isaan Heritage trees were the lines along the trunks, the lines on the branches, and the lines that go along the leaves and flowers. There are different colors of the trunk, the leaves, and the flowers. The texture was rough, harsh, and the cracks follow the same directions as the trunk. There are botanical differences in the light and shadows of the heritage trees. As for the area, there are differences between the area of the heritage trees and the surrounding areas, as well as the differences within the Isaan Heritage Trees area.   Received: 25 January 2021 / Accepted: 31 March 2021 / Published: 10 May 2021

scholarly journals O turismo étnico como ferramenta para o etnodesenvolvimento da aldeia Tabaçu Reko Ypy, Itanhaém-Peruíbe (SP)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cássia Aparecida Praeiro Mateus ◽  
Andrea Rabinovici
Keyword(s):  
Social Behavior ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Ethnic Tourism ◽  
The Gaze ◽  
The People ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Supporting Tool ◽  
Environmental Balance ◽  
The Village

A presente pesquisa acompanhou as vivências turísticas ocorridas entre indígenas da etnia Ñandeva ao longo dos anos de 2013 a 2015 na aldeia Tabaçu Reko Ypy. Analisou as possíveis consequências e os impactos ao etnodesenvolvimento exercido pelo turismo étnico. Esta comunidade desenvolve e pratica esta atividade como uma ferramenta de apoio à geração de renda alternativa na busca de melhores condições de vida em prol da recuperação do seu território gravemente degradado pela atividade de mineração. Afora isso visa obter um auto sustento que colabore com o resgate das suas tradições. Por se tratar de uma aldeia recentemente formada, nenhuma literatura específica sobre este povo foi encontrada. Basicamente todos os registros e informações sobre a sua política, comportamento social e cultural foram obtidas através de entrevistas semiestruturadas, participação em vivências e doação de registros realizada pelos próprios indígenas. Através deste estudo pôde-se notar consequências diversas advindas do turismo étnico e refletir sobre possíveis futuros impactos. Conclui-se que, através das ações exercidas pelo povo Ñandeva, a possibilidade em se fazer uso de novas ferramentas e diretrizes servirão de apoio para o alcance de um etnodesenvolvimento autônomo sob o olhar de um modelo de turismo inclusivo capaz de gerar renda, que respeite a cultura local e que também busque promover o equilíbrio ambiental. Ethnic tourism as a tool for ethnodevelopment of the village Tabaçu Reko Ypy, Itanhaém-Peruíbe (SP, Brazil) ABSTRACT This research has followed the tourist experiences that occurred among indigenous ethnic Ñandeva over the period from 2013 to 2015 as well as analyzing the possible consequences and impacts on the ethnodevelopment carried out by the ethnic tourism. The village develops and performs this activity as a supporting tool for generating alternative income with the purpose of improving their living conditions and recovering their territory, which was seriously degraded by mining activities. Furthermore, the community aims to reach self-sufficiency so that they will be able to recover their traditions. I should make it clear that, due to the fact that I have dealt with a recently formed village, no specific literature about its people has been found. Basically, all the documents and information about their politics, social behavior and culture have been obtained through semi-structured interviews, participation in field experiences and documents provided by the indigenous people themselves. This study noted several consequences arising from ethnic tourism and reflect on possible future impacts. It is concluded that, through the actions carried out by the people, Ñandeva make use of new tools and guidelines will serve as a support to the achievement of an ethno-development as under the gaze of a inclusive tourism model capable of generating income, that respects local culture and which also seek to promote the environmental balance. KEYWORDS: Ethnodevelopment; Ethnic tourism; Ethnicity Ñandeva.

scholarly journals Out-migrants and Local Institutions: Case Study of a Depopulated Mountain Village in Japan

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mika Okubo ◽  
Abrar Juhar Mohammed ◽  
Makoto Inoue
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource Management ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Observation Methods ◽  
Rural Depopulation ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Village

<p class="1Body">Rural depopulation is now well acknowledged to be one of the salient challenges faced by Japan (Ohno, 2005; Odagiri, 2006). However, out-migrants that left their village of origin still maintain their bond with the villages through local institutions and natural resources. By taking Mogura village in Hayakawa town, Yamanashi prefecture as a case study, this article discusses relationships between out-migrants and their depopulated village of origin by focusing on local institutions and natural resource management. Data was collected using open ended interview and participant observation methods. The result shows that, although the style of observing has changed, out-migrants play important role in local institutions and assisting resource management of their depopulated village of origin. The institutions still have meaning for out-migrants to keep relationships with their village of origin. Several customs, such as collaborative labor, <em>obon</em>, New Year vacation, and the anniversary of ancestors’ death ceremony, provide scheduled opportunities for out-migrants and residents to get together and good reasons to come to the place of the village of origin. We argue that local institutions and natural resources, although in the process of transformation, can be helpful tools to link out-migrants with villages. We, however, take precaution on whether such role will be transferred to next generation of the out-migrants that are born and are living outside the village of origin of the out-migrants.</p>

Architects and rural post-disaster housing: lessons from South India

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gertrud Tauber
Keyword(s):  
South India ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Post Disaster

Purpose – This research aims to examine three housing projects implemented by local non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and planned by local architects after the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004 in rural South India. The key to the acceptance of post-disaster houses lies in meeting the peoples’ wishes and needs, and in integrating local know-how into the course of the project process (a premise intensively discussed in theory). After the tsunami of 2004, many (NGOs) appointed architects, assuming that these professionals would be qualified to facilitate the implementation of people-oriented houses (and villages). However, the architects’ roles vary significantly, which had, as will be shown here, a considerable impact on the degree of success of the project. Design/methodology/approach – Primary data for this study were gathered through household questionnaires (110); informal interaction; participant-observation (work assignment: 2.5 years; field survey: 4 months); semi-structured interviews (NGO representatives, architects and engineers). Secondary literature was studied on post-disaster housing, building cultures and cultures of knowledge. Findings – This study reveals that, in the course of rural post-disaster reconstruction, there is a crying need to appoint the “right” personnel having, first of all, the capacity to comply with the social dynamics at project level, and, second, being able to address those aspects critical for the realization of people-oriented housing. Architects can be a valuable resource for both the NGO and the villagers. However, this paper shows that key to this is, among other considerations, a thorough understanding of the rural (building) culture, its abilities and requirements, the strategic interplay of various roles and abilities during the course of an intricate building process and the design of appropriate roles for adequately-skilled architects. Originality/value – To this date, the debate on the role of architects in the context of post-disaster housing has neglected to examine empirically the implications of appointing these professionals in rural post-disaster contexts. This paper addresses this imbalance and complements the existing corpus of work by examining the impact of different roles of architects on the degree of success of the project at village level.

From Right Place - Wrong Person, to Right Place - Right Person: Dignified Care for Older People

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Win Tadd ◽  
Alex Hillman ◽  
Michael Calnan ◽  
Sian Calnan ◽  
Simon Read ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Frontline Staff ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Care Health ◽  
The Right ◽  
Care For Older People

Objectives To examine: older people's and their relatives' views of dignified care; health care practitioners' behaviours and practices in relation to dignified care; the occupational, organizational and cultural factors that impact on care; and develop evidence-based recommendations for dignified care. Methods An ethnography of four acute trusts in England and Wales involving semi-structured interviews with recently discharged older people (n = 40), their relatives (n = 25), frontline staff (n = 79) and Trust managers (n = 32), complemented by 617 hours of non-participant observation in 16 wards in NHS trusts. Results ‘Right Place - Wrong Person’ refers to the staffs' belief that acute wards are not the ‘right place’ for older people. Wards were poorly-designed, confusing and inaccessible for older people; older people were bored through lack of communal spaces and activities and they expressed concern about the close proximity of patients of the opposite sex; staff were demoralised and ill-equipped with skills and knowledge to care for older people, and organizational priorities caused patients to be frequently moved within the system. In none of the wards studied was care either totally dignified or totally undignified. Variations occurred from ward to ward, in the same ward when different staff were on-duty and at different times of the day. Conclusions The failure to provide dignified care is often a result of systemic and organizational factors rather than a failure of individual staff and it is these that must be addressed if dignified care is to be ensured.

scholarly journals TINDAKAN KOMUNIKASI DALAM TRADISI MAULUDAN DI DESA KEMUJA KABUPATEN MENDO BARAT PROVINSI KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG

Jurnal Common ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-229
Author(s):  
Rismawaty Rismawaty ◽  
Nova Deria
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Cultural Authenticity ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
Ethnographic Studies ◽  
Internet Searching ◽  
The People ◽  
The Right ◽  
Communicative Actions

This research was conducted to explain the communication actions in the Mauludan Tradition. The focus of the problem in this study is how the orders, statements, requests, and non-verbal behavior in the Mauludan Tradition in Kemuja Village. The research method used is a qualitative research method of communication ethnographic studies. The research subjects were the Kemuja Village Community and the number of research informants was 6 (six) people obtained through the snowball techniques and purposive sampling. Data collection techniques through reference books, previous research, internet searching, participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The results showed that the people of Kemuja used Bangka Malay as a means of communication. Communicative actions contained in the Mauludan Tradition are the Actions of command: men are obliged to wear Muslim clothes when performing, Statements actions: bring food to the mosque for 2 consecutive days, Action of Request: as a form of gratitude and thanks to Allah SWT and as a respect for ancestors so that their lives are always on the right path. Non-Verbal Behavioral Actions: shaking hands with others as a form of apology and forging ties of friendship, carrying food from house to mosque as a form of mutual cooperation, gratitude for sustenance and sharing, wearing Muslim clothes and fragrances as a form of respect. The act of communication at the Mauludan event must continue to be celebrated so that people's lives are blessed to increase their faith and can continue to maintain cultural authenticity. The conclusion of this research is that the Communication Actions in the Mauludan Tradition in Kemuja Village runs in a solemn atmosphere and there is an exchange of certain symbols such as in the nganggung activities, the clothes used, and other accessories.

scholarly journals PERANAN KOMISI PEMILIHAN UMUM PROVINSI BENGKULU DALAM PENYELENGGARAAN PEMILIHAN KEPALA DAERAH SERENTAK DI PROVINSI BENGKULU TAHUN 2015

2018 ◽  
pp. 28-43
Author(s):  
Muhammad Laksmana Surya Adi Wibawa
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Deep Understanding ◽  
Local Elections ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Reduction Techniques ◽  
The People ◽  
Democratic State ◽  
Election Commission

ABSTRACTThe general election is held directly to execute the mandate of the Constitution which stipulates that sovereignty belongs to the people. Therefore, a country that calls itself as a democratic state, the elections should be held at a certain time. Election Commission is an institution established by legislation to hold elections which is national, permanent and independent. Indonesia is a unitary state is a republic whose government delivery system is framed within a policy of decentralization and regional autonomy. One of the most important steps in ensuring good governance at central and local is the process of forming a good government anyway, so also in the Bengkulu Province. Therefore, researchers are interested in taking the title essay “The Role of the Bengkulu Provincial Election Commission in Simultaneously Local Elections in 2015 in Bengkulu Province”. This research aims to determine the role of Bengkulu Provincial Election Commission in conducting simultaneously local elections in 2015 in the Bengkulu Province, the obstacles encountered and efforts made to overcome these obstacles. In analyzing the problems and the facts, the researchers used the theory of the role according to Soekanto. Furthermore, this research will yield some suggestions for the various parties to the improvement of the election system with simultaneous concepts, especially in the Bengkulu Province for the next elections. Through a kind of qualitative research with descriptive and inductive approach, researchers find and process the data and facts onthe ground and then explained in detail and deep understanding of the role of Bengkulu Provincial Election Commission in conducting simultaneously local elections in 2015 in Bengkulu Province. Researchers conducted ethnographic data collection techniques, participant observation, and in-depth interviews. Conducted semi structured interviews with several informants were selected according to the criteria of an ideal informant. Data, facts, and information obtained from the interviews will be through reduction techniques, featuring in a table or chart display, and conclusion drawing. Based on the results of research conducted, proving that Bengkulu Provincial Election Commission perform the role well in the simultaneously local elections in 2015 in Bengkulu Province. The role has not been well executed in terms of facilitating the campaign and increase the number of voter, unfortunately the number of abstention is increase. There are four obstacles faced by the Bengkulu Provincial Election Commission, but followed up with a four attempts have been made in overcoming these obstacles. Keywords: role, bengkulu provincial election commission, simultaneously local elections

Amiais

2021 ◽  
pp. 298-320
Author(s):  
Ana Melro ◽  
Lídia Oliveira ◽  
Ana Carla Amaro
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Aging Population ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Village

The chapter takes a journey through the place, revisiting the central dimensions for its development, particularly, for LOCUS project – playful connected rural territories. These dimensions are playfulness, labor and school, affection, architecture, and religion. For the knowledge and understanding of all these dimensions, semi-structured interviews were conducted with key informants, agents from and in the territory (stakeholders), informal conversations with inhabitants, and participant observation of two of the oldest traditional festivals in the village. Amiais is facing some social and demographic processes, (1) search of the younger population for more densified urban areas, (2) which leads to aging population and depopulation of the territory, which tends to cause the (3) loss of cultural heritage, but, at the same time, (4) a change in local architecture.

The value of the Ringgit and the indonesian Rupiah In the Sale and Purchase Transactions of the Village Community Aji YellowSebatik island Borders the Indonesian - Malaysian

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 426-438
Author(s):  
Safriadi Safriadi ◽  
Ardi Ardi ◽  
Andi Muhammad Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Village Community ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Commodity Trading ◽  
Ease Of Access ◽  
Yellow Type ◽  
The Village ◽  
Research Show

The activity of the socio-economic society can be seen in the daily activities on the environment where the people live, especially people who live in the border area. The village Aji Yellow into the study site is located in Kabupaten Nunukan or commonly called the Island of Sebatik. People in Sebatik Island imposed a two currencies in the region, namely currency ringgit and indonesian rupiah. The purpose of this study untukmenjelaskan the value and meaning of the ringgit and the indonesian rupiah in the view of the Village community Aji Yellow;type-type of commodity goods traded; the practice of buying and selling transactions using the ringgit and the indonesian rupiah in the community of the Village Aji Yellow. The study used a qualitative method through interviews and participant observation. The results of the research show the value and meaning of the orientation of currency applied by the community in the Village of Aji Yellow which includes: historical aspects, ease of access, commodity, practical, security. Goods that becomes a commodity trading almost the entire starting from primary needs to tertiary. The value of the ringgit and the indonesian rupiah in the view of society is the result of consensus that can be beneficial in the social and cultural environment on the border of the two countries, Indonesia and Malaysia.

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