Money Laundering in Real Estate (RE)

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Lokanan ◽  
Gaurav Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Price Inflation ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Stability

Money laundering is a defiance of law and order within the real estate (RE) sector in Canada. Laundering of illicit funds impacts the stability, reliability, and integrity of the government, financial institutions, and the economic sectors. Due to its mysterious nature, there are more unknowns about the quantum of snow washing in the property market or its effects on price inflation. Using data from the Cullen Commission about money laundering in Canada, this chapter is an effort to examine the nuances that law enforcement encounters while investigating illegal investment operations. This chapter illuminates a broad range of problems around the investigations of unlawful investments and recommends pragmatic solutions to the illicit flow of money in RE sector of Canada.

scholarly journals The Application of Spatial Analysis Methods in the Real Estate Market in South‑Eastern Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (333) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Dejniak
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Real Estate ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Property Market ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Estate Property

The aim of the article is to apply the method of spatial analysis to research the real estate property market in south‑eastern Poland. The methods of spatial statistics will be used to model the space differences of prices per one square metre of dwelling surface located in districts of south‑eastern Poland and to investigate spatial autocorrelation. The databases will be presented in a graphical form. The results may be used to set the spatial regularities and relations. The methods presented may be applied while making strategic decisions.

scholarly journals Literacy Culture Development through Class Library at SDIT Salsabila 2 Klaseman Ngaglik Sleman

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-203
Author(s):  
Ahmad Safi'i
Keyword(s):  
Life Skills ◽  
Human Life ◽  
School Library ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Class Library ◽  
Reduction Techniques ◽  
The Government ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Culture Development

Life skills are proven to be able to improve human civilization.  Improving literacy culture is one way to develop human life skills.  The National Literacy Movement/ Gerakan Literasi Nasional (GLN) initiated by the government is an effort to realize it.  SDIT Salsabila 2 Klaseman has a Class Literacy Movement/ Gerakan Literasi Kelas (GLK) program.  The limited space available is not a reason to discourage GLK.  This type of research was case study field research.  The institution studied was SDIT Salsabila 2 Klaseman.  The subjects consisted teachers, principals, students and parents.  Data was obtained by observation, interviews and documentation steps.  Analysis was performed by using data reduction techniques, data display, triangulation, and conclusion drawing/verification.  The data showed that the main purpose of GLK was to intensify the culture of school literacy, library revitalization, and maintain the stability of school library functions.  The technical implementation is by creating a class library in each class, fostering a sense of belonging to the class library, supplying books from the school library to the class library, providing educational playgrounds in the area of the class library, giving rewards for students who are diligent in reading, achievements are informed in public, and explore the student guardian support. The problems that arise are the lack of teacher exemplariness, lack of consistency, supply of books from school libraries is still small, and the system of re-education has not been orderly.

Real estate money laundering in Austria, Germany, Liechtenstein and Switzerland

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 370-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Maximilian Johannes Teichmann
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Real Estate Sector ◽  
Compliance Officers ◽  
German Speaking

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to illustrate how criminals launder money in the real estate business in Austria, Germany, Liechtenstein and Switzerland. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative content analysis of 58 semi-standardized expert interviews with both criminals and prevention experts and a quantitative survey of 184 compliance officers led to the identification of concrete techniques of money laundering in the real estate sector. Findings Real estate companies in German-speaking countries in Europe continue to be extraordinarily suitable for money laundering. In particular, they can be used for placement, layering and integration, combined with violations of the tax code. Most importantly, however, they are the vehicles for one of the very few profitable methods of laundering money. Research limitations/implications As the qualitative findings are based on semi-standardized interviews, these are limited to the 58 interviewees’ perspectives. Practical implications The identification of gaps in existing anti-money laundering mechanisms is meant to provide compliance officers, law enforcement agencies and legislators with valuable insights into how criminals operate. Originality/value While the existing literature focuses on organizations fighting money laundering and on the improvement of anti-money laundering measures, this paper describes how money launderers operate to avoid getting caught. Both prevention and criminal perspectives are taken into account.

scholarly journals Modeling the Real Estate Prices in Olsztyn under Instability Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosław Bełej ◽  
Sławomir Kulesza
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
Intrinsic Property ◽  
Small Variation ◽  
Smooth Curve ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
The Real Estate Market ◽  
The Stability

Abstract The paper deals with the description of the issues related to the dynamics of the real estate market in terms of sharp, unexpected changes in the housing prices which have been observed in the last decade in many European countries due to some macroeconomic circumstances. When such perturbations appear, the real estate market is said to be structurally unstable, since even a small variation in the control parameters might result in a large, structural change in the state of the whole system. The essential problem addressed in the paper is the need to define and discriminate between the intervals of stable and unstable real estate market development with special attention paid to the latter. The research aims at modeling hardly explored field of discontinuous changes in the real estate market in order to reveal the bifurcation edge. Assuming that the periods of sudden price changes reflect an intrinsic property of the real estate market, it is shown that the evolution path draws for most of the time a smooth curve onto the stability area of the equilibrium surface, and only briefly penetrates into the instability area to hop to another equilibrium state.

Residential Policy in Market Economies

Equilibrium ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kędzierska
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Advanced Economy ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Living Space ◽  
The Real Estate Market ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Government ◽  
Stimulation Of

Living space plays an important role in the hierarchy of human everyday requirements. Not only does it alleviating the basic requirements, but also those of the superior rows. The proper residential conditions are the foundation of the development of the family life and, in the wider context, the whole societies. Consequently, residential requirement are of particular interest to the state, in fact, in modern advanced economy, the residential problem should be regarded as a preemptive public task. However, it does not mean that the government is obliged to substitute for the citizens in their aspirations to own an apartment. To the contrary, its role should concentrate on regulation rather than stimulation of the real estate market.

Egypt’s slum development plan will be applied unevenly

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Informal Settlements ◽  
Development Plan ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
The Government ◽  
Policy Priority

Subject Plans to rid Egypt of its slums. Significance Since President Abdel Fatah el-Sisi came to office in June 2014, the eradication of informal settlements has officially been a top policy priority. More than 20 billion Egyptian pounds (1.2 billion dollars) has been allocated to the development and demolition of 351 slum areas since 2014. In February, Sisi pledged to rid the country of its slums by 2030. However, concerns have been raised about the lack of consultation with the communities affected. Impacts The slum redevelopment plans will drive growth in investment in the real estate and construction sectors. Public spending will increase from subsidised provision of electricity, water and sewerage services. The government will boost revenues by selling repossessed land to the private sector. Lack of consultation with residents over relocation will drive resentment among many of the poorest segments of society.

Black money, “white” owners, and “blue” tenants in the Bangladesh housing market

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 501-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Solaiman
Keyword(s):  
Housing Market ◽  
Money Laundering ◽  
Ethical Behaviour ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The main purpose of this paper is to critically examine the impact of black money whitening opportunity on the Bangladesh housing market and its ramifications for honest taxpayers and criminal conduct of the people in the country. Design/methodology/approach This paper relies on both primary and secondary materials and carries out an archival analysis of the resources available in libraries and online databases. Findings It demonstrates that black money whitening opportunity has failed to create additional demands for housing property, rather it encourages money laundering, corruption and other criminal activities. Hence, a set of specific recommendations have been submitted to effectively deal with the prevention of generation of black money instead of allowing them to be invested in properties with impunity. Research limitations/implications The discussions are concentrated on the legality of offering amnesty to black money holders and the impact of such indemnities on the housing market in Bangladesh; hence, it does not consider impacts on other economic sectors. It is expected that the publication of this paper will stimulate the government of Bangladesh to discontinue the disputed amnesty in Bangladesh, and other nations having similar problems with black money will be encouraged to follow suit. Practical implications It is anticipated that the implementation of the recommendations furnished in this paper will contribute to significantly decreasing money laundering, corruption and other offences involving money in Bangladesh and in other countries. Social implications Prevention of corruption and other financial crimes. Originality/value This paper represents its originality in its critical analysis of frequent offerings of the opportunity for whitening black money and their unfair impacts on honest taxpayers and resultant stimulation for engaging in money laundering, corruption and other felonies. It evidently justifies the assumption that such amnesties to wrongdoers are contrary to the national constitution, anti-corruption and anti-money laundering legislation and they wound the sense of ethical behaviour of human beings. Moreover, it proves the hypothesis that such opportunities being offered to black money holders have no positive contribution towards creating additional demands in the country’s property markets.

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Relationship between Inflation and Gold Prices: Evidence from Pakistan

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saira Tufail ◽  
Sadia Batool
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Stock Prices ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Asset Price ◽  
Price Inflation ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Unexpected Inflation

In this study, we formulate a new inflation equation to capture the potential effects of gold and stock prices on inflation in Pakistan. We aim to assess the inflation-hedging properties of gold compared to other assets such as real estate, stock exchange securities, and foreign currency holdings. Applying time-series econometric techniques (cointegration and vector error correction models) to data for 1960–2010, we find that gold is a potential determinant of inflation in Pakistan. On the other hand, it also provides a complete hedge against unexpected inflation. Real estate assets are more than a complete hedge against expected inflation, although stock exchange securities outperform gold and real estate as a hedge against unexpected inflation. Foreign currency proves to be an insignificant hedge against inflation. Given the dual nature of the relationship between gold and inflation, it is increasingly important for the government to monitor and regulate the gold market in Pakistan. Moreover, stock market investment should be encouraged by the government given that asset price inflation does not pose a critical problem for Pakistan as yet.

scholarly journals An analysis of the performance of the companies in Constanta County which operate in the real estate transactions field in the context of sustainable development

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 475-487
Author(s):  
Kamer-Ainur Aivaz ◽  
Constantin Avram
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Real Estate Market ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
Economic Sectors ◽  
The Real ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Real Estate Sector ◽  
Tourism Potential ◽  
High Degree

As time went on, Constanta County has become one of the emerging poles of residential development in Romania, primarily due to its excellent positioning as an economic hub driven by international trade, doubled by a tourism potential with a high degree of long-term growth. In this context, performance measurement remains a constant concern of the entire economic sector that can ensure the progress of an entity. The purpose of this paper is to carry out a dynamic analysis over an 11-year period of the profit margin at the level of the economic agents in Constanta County whose main object of activity is, according to the NACE classification, Real Estate activities/transactions. In the analyzed period, the year 2015 stands out, in which the resumption of lending for large projects and the return of investor confidence in the real estate sector created a contagious euphoria on the market which, coupled with the income accumulated in the crisis by investors looking for profitable capital investments, led to the emergence of a wave of acquisitions, thus stimulating the real estate transactions market. Moreover, although the Coronavirus pandemic has affected the entire planet, more precisely all the economic sectors and the real estate market has not been an exception, the evolution of real estate transactions in the year 2020 was beyond the expectations of specialists in Romania, Romanians showing an appetite for this kind of transactions also in the year of the pandemic.

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