Cancelable Fusion of Face and Ear for Secure Multi-Biometric Template

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padma P. Paul ◽  
Marina L. Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Random Projection ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Biometric Security ◽  
Biometric Template ◽  
Feature Extraction And Selection ◽  
New Type ◽  
Biometric Trait ◽  
Combat Problems ◽  
Biometric Fusion

Biometric fusion to achieve multimodality has emerged as a highly successful new approach to combat problems of unimodal biometric system such as intraclass variability, interclass similarity, data quality, non-universality, and sensitivity to noise. The authors have proposed new type of biometric fusion called cancelable fusion. The idea behind the cancelable biometric or cancelability is to transform a biometric data or feature into a new one so that the stored biometric template can be easily changed in a biometric security system. Cancelable fusion does the fusion of multiple biometric trait in addition it preserve the properties of cancelability. In this paper, the authors present a novel architecture for template generation within the context of the cancelable multibiometric fusion. The authors develop a novel cancelable biometric template generation algorithm using cancelable fusion, random projection and transformation-based feature extraction and selection. The authors further validate the performance of the proposed algorithm on a virtual multimodal face and ear database.

A Novel Cross Folding Algorithm for Multimodal Cancelable Biometrics

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padma P. Paul ◽  
Marina L. Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Random Projection ◽  
Cancelable Biometrics ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Biometric Security ◽  
Folding Algorithm ◽  
Biometric Template ◽  
Feature Extraction And Selection ◽  
Biometric Systems ◽  
Combat Problems

Multimodal biometric systems have emerged as highly successful new approach to combat problems of unimodal biometric system such as intraclass variability, interclass similarity, data quality, non-universality, and sensitivity to noise. However, one major issue pertinent to unimodal system remains, which has to do with actual biometric characteristics of users being permanent and their number being limited. Thus, if a user’s biometric is compromised, it might be impossible or highly difficult to replace it in a particular system. The concept of cancelable biometric or cancelability is to transform a biometric data or feature into a new one so that the stored biometric template can be easily changed in a biometric security system. In this paper, the authors present a novel solution for cancelable biometrics in a multimodal system. They develop a new cancelable biometric template generation algorithm using random projection and transformation-based feature extraction and selection. Performance of the proposed algorithm is validated on a virtual multi-modal face and ear database.

scholarly journals Towards Better Performance for Protected Iris Biometric System with Confidence Matrix

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 910
Author(s):  
Tong-Yuen Chai ◽  
Bok-Min Goi ◽  
Wun-She Yap
Keyword(s):  
Data Privacy ◽  
Recognition Performance ◽  
Generalized Solution ◽  
Performance Degradation ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Biometric Template ◽  
Template Protection

Biometric template protection (BTP) schemes are implemented to increase public confidence in biometric systems regarding data privacy and security in recent years. The introduction of BTP has naturally incurred loss of information for security, which leads to performance degradation at the matching stage. Although efforts are shown in the extended work of some iris BTP schemes to improve their recognition performance, there is still a lack of a generalized solution for this problem. In this paper, a trainable approach that requires no further modification on the protected iris biometric templates has been proposed. This approach consists of two strategies to generate a confidence matrix to reduce the performance degradation of iris BTP schemes. The proposed binary confidence matrix showed better performance in noisy iris data, whereas the probability confidence matrix showed better performance in iris databases with better image quality. In addition, our proposed scheme has also taken into consideration the potential effects in recognition performance, which are caused by the database-associated noise masks and the variation in biometric data types produced by different iris BTP schemes. The proposed scheme has reported remarkable improvement in our experiments with various publicly available iris research databases being tested.

scholarly journals Cryogenic Exfoliation of 2D Stanene Nanosheets for Cancer Theranostics

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Ouyang ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Leijiao Li ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Zhongmin Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Density Functional Theory Calculations ◽  
Free Electrons ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
New Approach ◽  
New Type ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Cancer Theranostics

Abstract Stanene (Sn)-based materials have been extensively applied in industrial production and daily life, but their potential biomedical application remains largely unexplored, which is due to the absence of the appropriate and effective methods for fabricating Sn-based biomaterials. Herein, we explored a new approach combining cryogenic exfoliation and liquid-phase exfoliation to successfully manufacture two-dimensional (2D) Sn nanosheets (SnNSs). The obtained SnNSs exhibited a typical sheet-like structure with an average size of ~ 100 nm and a thickness of ~ 5.1 nm. After PEGylation, the resulting PEGylated SnNSs (SnNSs@PEG) exhibited good stability, superior biocompatibility, and excellent photothermal performance, which could serve as robust photothermal agents for multi-modal imaging (fluorescence/photoacoustic/photothermal imaging)-guided photothermal elimination of cancer. Furthermore, we also used first-principles density functional theory calculations to investigate the photothermal mechanism of SnNSs, revealing that the free electrons in upper and lower layers of SnNSs contribute to the conversion of the photo to thermal. This work not only introduces a new approach to fabricate 2D SnNSs but also establishes the SnNSs-based nanomedicines for photonic cancer theranostics. This new type of SnNSs with great potential in the field of nanomedicines may spur a wave of developing Sn-based biological materials to benefit biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Acceleration of Inner-Pairing Product Operation for Secure Biometric Verification

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2859
Author(s):  
Seong-Yun Jeon ◽  
Mun-Kyu Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Product Operation ◽  
Biometric Verification ◽  
Naive Method ◽  
Biometric Template ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Pairing Product

With the recent advances in mobile technologies, biometric verification is being adopted in many smart devices as a means for authenticating their owners. As biometric data leakage may cause stringent privacy issues, many proposals have been offered to guarantee the security of stored biometric data, i.e., biometric template. One of the most promising solutions is the use of a remote server that stores the template in an encrypted form and performs a biometric comparison on the ciphertext domain, using recently proposed functional encryption (FE) techniques. However, the drawback of this approach is that considerable computation is required for the inner-pairing product operation used for the decryption procedure of the underlying FE, which is performed in the authentication phase. In this paper, we propose an enhanced method to accelerate the inner-pairing product computation and apply it to expedite the decryption operation of FE and for faster remote biometric verification. The following two important observations are the basis for our improvement—one of the two arguments for the decryption operation does not frequently change over authentication sessions, and we only need to evaluate the product of multiple pairings, rather than individual pairings. From the results of our experiments, the proposed method reduces the time required to compute an inner-pairing product by 30.7%, compared to the previous best method. With this improvement, the time required for biometric verification is expected to decrease by up to 10.0%, compared to a naive method.

scholarly journals Scientia est potentia

2009 ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
Ülo Kaevats
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Natural Laws ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Natural Objects ◽  
Deductive Method ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Understanding Of Science ◽  
Object Of Study

Oma algses mitmetähenduslikkuses on see F. Baconi aforism kõige tihendatum tõdemus, mis tõmbab olemusliku eraldusjoone ühelt poolt antiikse ja keskaegse ning teisalt uusaegse arusaama vahele teadusest ja teadusteadmisest. Artiklis püüab autor anda võimaluste piires tervikpildi uusaja teaduse industriaalselt (tehnoloogiliselt) orienteeritud teadmistüübi tekkimisest. Uusaja teaduse kujunemiseks vajaliku pöörde maailmavaateliste eeldustena tuleb käsitleda: (1) põhimõtteliselt uut subjekti ja objekti käsitust; (2) täiesti uut väärtusruumi, uut teaduse ideoloogiat (ilmalikkus, kriitiline vaim, tõesus ja praktiline kasulikkus); (3) tunnetuslaadi muutust — kontemplatsioonilt interventsioonile, kvaliteedi kirjeldamiselt kvantiteedi uurimisele; (4) looduse käsitlemist Kosmose asemel seaduspäraselt korrastatud objektide “väljana”. Uue tunnetusstiili — empiirilise ja teoreetilise tunnetuse kokkuviimine, hüpoteetilis-deduktiivse metodoloogia kujundamine Galilei poolt, abstraktse ja sünteetilis-tekstilise loomuga spekulatsiooni asendumine uurimisobjekti ehituse, korrapära ja põhjuslikkuse objektiivse analüüsiga, universaalsete loodusseaduste doktriini kujunemine jms—kujunemine konstitueeris uut tüüpi teadmise. Teadmise kui nähtava maailma piltkoopia asemele luuakse teadmine kui loodusobjektide seaduspära analüütiline rekonstruktsioon. See on vormiltmatemaatiline, päritolult eksperimentaalne ning loodusobjektide kontrollimisele ja ümbertegemisele suunatud nn valdamisteadmine.This F. Bacon's aphorism in its original ambiguity is the most condensed belief that draws a distinctive essential line between ancient and medieval understanding of science and scientific knowledge on one hand and modern understanding on the other. The author aims at providing, as far as possible, an integral overview of emerging of the industrially (technologically) orientated type of knowledge of modern times. Ideological/philosophical preconditions of the change necessary for emerging of modern science are: (1) a fundamentally new approach to the subject and object; (2) a completely new system of values, a new ideology of science (secularity, critical spirit, trueness and utilitarianism); (3) a change in manner of cognizance - from contemplation to intervention, from describing quality to studying quantity; (4) treating nature as a naturally organised "field" of objects instead of the Cosmos. Emerging of a new style of cognizance - bringing together of empirical and theoretical cognition, the devise of the hypothetical-deductive method by Galilei, replacement of speculations abstract and synthetic-textual in nature with objective study of the structure, regularity and causality of the object of study, establishment of the doctrine of universal natural laws etc - constituted a new type of knowledge. Knowledge as a copy of the visible world is replaced by knowledge as an analytical reconstruction of the regularity of natural objects. It is so-called dispositive knowledge, morphologically mathematical, originally experimental and aimed at control and alteration of natural objects.

scholarly journals Behavioral Biometric Data Analysis for Gender Classification Using Feature Fusion and Machine Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivanand S. Gornale ◽  
Sathish Kumar ◽  
Abhijit Patil ◽  
Prakash S. Hiremath
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Feature Fusion ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Gender Classification ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Security Applications ◽  
Biometric Security ◽  
Learning Techniques ◽  
Handwritten Signature

Biometric security applications have been employed for providing a higher security in several access control systems during the past few years. The handwritten signature is the most widely accepted behavioral biometric trait for authenticating the documents like letters, contracts, wills, MOU’s, etc. for validation in day to day life. In this paper, a novel algorithm to detect gender of individuals based on the image of their handwritten signatures is proposed. The proposed work is based on the fusion of textural and statistical features extracted from the signature images. The LBP and HOG features represent the texture. The writer’s gender classification is carried out using machine learning techniques. The proposed technique is evaluated on own dataset of 4,790 signatures and realized an encouraging accuracy of 96.17, 98.72 and 100% for k-NN, decision tree and Support Vector Machine classifiers, respectively. The proposed method is expected to be useful in design of efficient computer vision tools for authentication and forensic investigation of documents with handwritten signatures.

scholarly journals Model of the "biometry-code" converter based on artificial neural networks for analysis of facial thermograms

2021 ◽  
pp. 154-165
Author(s):  
Pavel Lozhnikov ◽  
◽  
Samal Zhumazhanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Engineering ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Thermal Images ◽  
Code Converter ◽  
Biometric Security ◽  
Psychophysiological State ◽  
Biometric Parameter ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Biometric Cryptosystem ◽  
Authorized Access

Existing asymmetric encryption algorithms involve the storage of a secret private key, authorized access to which, as a rule, is carried out upon presentation of a password. Passwords are vulnerable to social engineering and human factors. Combining biometric security techniques with cryptography is seen as a possible solution to this problem, but any biometric cryptosystem should be able to overcome the small differences that exist between two different implementations of the same biometric parameter. This is especially true for dynamic biometrics, when differences can be caused by a change in the psychophysiological state of the subject. The solution to the problems is the use of a system based on the "biometrics-code" converter, which is configured to issue a user key after presentation of his/her biometric image. In this case, the key is generated in advance in accordance with accepted standards without the use of biometric images. The work presents results on using thermal images of a user for reliable biometric authentication based on a neural network "biometrics-code" converter. Thermal images have recently been used as a new approach in biometric identification systems and are a special type of biometric images that allow us to solve the problem of both the authentication of the subject and the identification of his psychophysiological state. The advantages of thermal imaging are that this technology is now becoming available and mobile, allowing the user to be identified and authenticated in a non-contact and continuous manner. In this paper, an experiment was conducted to verify the images of thermograms of 84 subjects and the following indicators of erroneous decisions were obtained: EER = 0.85 % for users in the "normal"state.

scholarly journals An Efficient and Privacy-Preserving Biometric Identification Scheme Based on the FITing-Tree

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Xiaopeng Yang ◽  
Hui Zhu ◽  
Songnian Zhang ◽  
Rongxing Lu ◽  
Xuesong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Homomorphic Encryption ◽  
Security Analysis ◽  
Privacy Preserving ◽  
Biometric Identification ◽  
Large Dataset ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Communication Costs ◽  
Identification Scheme ◽  
Biometric Template ◽  
Cloud Servers

Biometric identification services have been applied to almost all aspects of life. However, how to securely and efficiently identify an individual in a huge biometric dataset is still very challenging. For one thing, biometric data is very sensitive and should be kept secure during the process of biometric identification. On the other hand, searching a biometric template in a large dataset can be very time-consuming, especially when some privacy-preserving measures are adopted. To address this problem, we propose an efficient and privacy-preserving biometric identification scheme based on the FITing-tree, iDistance, and a symmetric homomorphic encryption (SHE) scheme with two cloud servers. With our proposed scheme, the privacy of the user’s identification request and service provider’s dataset is guaranteed, while the computational costs of the cloud servers in searching the biometric dataset can be kept at an acceptable level. Detailed security analysis shows that the privacy of both the biometric dataset and biometric identification request is well protected during the identification service. In addition, we implement our proposed scheme and compare it to a previously reported M-Tree based privacy-preserving identification scheme in terms of computational and communication costs. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed scheme is indeed efficient in terms of computational and communication costs while identifying a biometric template in a large dataset.

scholarly journals AILU FOR HELMHOLTZ PROBLEMS: A NEW PRECONDITIONER BASED ON THE ANALYTIC PARABOLIC FACTORIZATION

2001 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 1499-1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARTIN J. GANDER ◽  
FRÉDÉRIC NATAF
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Experiments ◽  
New Approach ◽  
New Type

We investigate a new type of preconditioner which is based on the analytic factorization of the operator into two parabolic factors. Approximate analytic factorizations lead to new block ILU preconditioners. We analyze the preconditioner at the continuous level where it is possible to optimize its performance. Numerical experiments illustrate the effectiveness of the new approach.

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