scholarly journals Photoplethysmography Heart Rate Monitoring

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-37
Author(s):  
Etienne Alain Feukeu ◽  
Simon Winberg
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Heart Rate Monitoring ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Lower Income Countries ◽  
Monitoring Devices ◽  
Timely Treatment

Research conducted by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2018 demonstrated that the worldwide threat of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) has increased compared to previous years. CVDs are very dangerous: if timely treatment is not performed, these conditions could become irreversible and lead to sudden death. Prescriptive measures include physical exercises and monitoring of the heart rate (HR). Despite the existence of various HR monitoring devices (or HMDs), a major challenge remains their availability, particularly to people in lower-income countries. Unfortunately, it is also this segment of the population that is the most vulnerable to CVDs. Accordingly, this led the authors to propose the design for an easily constructible state-of-the-art HMD that attempts to provide a highly accessible, lower-cost, and long-lasting solution that would be more affordable and accessible to these low-income communities.

Use of Phosphatidylcholine in the Treatment of Localized Fat Deposits. Results and expectations

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 1438-1441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sorin Berbece ◽  
Dan Iliescu ◽  
Valeriu Ardeleanu ◽  
Alexandru Nicolau ◽  
Radu Cristian Jecan
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
World Health ◽  
Basic Substance ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Fat Deposits ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Global Health Problem ◽  
Over Time

Obesity represents a global health problem. According to the latest studies released by the World Health Organisation (WHO), 1.7 billion currently in excess of normal weight individuals, of which approx. 75% are overweight (body mass index - BMI 25 to 30). The common form of excess adipose tissue manifestation in overweight individuals is localized fat deposits with high (abdominal) or low (buttocks and thighs) disposition. Although the overweight can be corrected relatively easy by changing behavioral habits or food, a constant physical exercises program or following a diet food are not accessible to all through the efforts of will, financial and time involved. Several methods have been studied and tested over time to eliminate more or less invasive fat deposits with varying efficacy and adverse effects. Chemical lipolysis using phosphatidylcholine as the basic substance was initially used in hypercholesterolemia and its complications and was rapidly adopted in mesotherapy techniques for the treatment of fat deposits. This study reveals the results obtained using Dermastabilon on a sample of 16 patients, the time allocated to treatment and discomfort being minimal, and rapid and notable results. There were no side effects.

scholarly journals Overweight and Obesity Epidemic in Developing Countries: A Problem with Diet, Physical Activity, or Socioeconomic Status?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Trishnee Bhurosy ◽  
Rajesh Jeewon
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Low Income ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Obese Individual ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Concern

Obesity is a significant public health concern affecting more than half a billion people worldwide. Obesity rise is not only limited to developed countries, but to developing nations as well. This paper aims to compare the mean body mass index trends in the World Health Organisation- (WHO-) categorised regions since 1980 to 2008 and secondly to appraise how socioeconomic disparities can lead to differences in obesity and physical activity level across developing nations. Taking into account past and current BMI trends, it is anticipated that obesity will continue to take a significant ascent, as observed by the sharp increase from 1999 to 2008. Gender differences in BMI will continue to be as apparent, that is, women showing a higher BMI trend than men. In the coming years, the maximum mean BMI in more developed countries might be exceeded by those in less developed ones. Rather than focusing on obesity at the individual level, the immediate environment of the obese individual to broader socioeconomic contexts should be targeted. Most importantly, incentives at several organisational levels, the media, and educational institutions along with changes in food policies will need to be provided to low-income populations.

scholarly journals Adherence to World Health Organisation guidelines for treatment of early onset neonatal sepsis in low-income settings; a cohort study in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrice Ekman ◽  
Prajwal Paudel ◽  
Omkar Basnet ◽  
KC Ashish ◽  
J. Wrammert
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
Adherence To Guidelines

Abstract Background Neonatal sepsis is one of the major causes of death during the first month of life and early empirical treatment with injectable antibiotics is a life-saving intervention. Adherence to World Health Organisation guidelines on first line antibiotics is crucial to mitigate the risks of increased antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this paper was to evaluate if treatment of early onset neonatal sepsis in a low-income facility setting observe current guidelines and if compliance is influenced by contextual factors. Methods This cohort study used data on antimicrobial treatment of neonatal sepsis onset within 72 hours of life from 12 regional hospitals participating in a scale-up trial of a neonatal resuscitation quality improvement package intervention in Nepal. Infants treated according to guidelines were compared with those receiving other antimicrobials. A multiple logistic regression analysis adjusted for the intervention and time trend was applied. Results 1,564 infants with a preliminary diagnosis of early onset sepsis were included. A majority (74.9%) were treated according to guidelines and adherence was increasing over time. Infants born at larger facilities (adjusted Odds Ratio 5.6), those that were inborn (adjusted Odds Ratio 1.97) or belonging to a family of dis-advantaged caste (adjusted Odds Ratio 2.15) had higher odds for treatment according to guidelines. A clinical presentation of lethargy or tachypnoea was associated with adherence to guidelines. Conclusion Adherence to guidelines for antibiotic treatment of early neonatal sepsis was moderately high in this low-income setting. Odds for observing guidelines increased with facility size, for inborn infants and if the family belonged to a dis-advantaged caste. Cefotaxime was a common alternative choice when guidelines were not followed, highly relevant for the risk of increased antimicrobial resistance.

Innovations in Heart Rate Monitoring Devices and Smart Applications: Physical Configuration Matters!

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Calixte Aholu ◽  
Nicole J. Smith ◽  
Catherine G.r. Jackson ◽  
David A. Kinnunen
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Devices

Health microinsurance in Zimbabwe: a contexual review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-166
Author(s):  
David Bote ◽  
Stephen Mago
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
World Health Organisation ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Labour Organisation ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Low Income Households

Health microinsurance, a relatively novel financial product, is garnering increasing recognition as an important part of the solution to healthcare financing problems and poverty reduction efforts for low income households (World Health Organisation [WHO], 2000; Murdoch, 2004; Cohen and Sebstad, 2005; Churchill, 2006; Dror, 2006; International Labour Organisation [ILO], 2008; Ruuskanen, 2009). The adverse implications of health shocks and the consequent huge expenditures disproportionately impoverish millions of low-income households across the globe, especially those living in developing countries. Put bluntly, health risks are an enduring poverty reduction and development challenge at large. In fact, World Bank (2010) reports that more than 100 million people are driven into poverty every year by health-related costs across the globe (as cited in Mosley, 2009). Regardless of microinsurance's acclaimed benefits in securing the lives of low-income people, its potential to secure poor households is yet to be ascertained in Zimbabwe, where the poor are extremely vulnerable to fall and be entrapped in poverty, a monumental development challenge to this country. Keywords: Health insurance, health financing, health costs, Zimbabwe.

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