The Use of Geo-Questionnaire in Spatial Planning

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edyta Bąkowska-Waldmann ◽  
Tomasz Kaczmarek
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Organizational Challenges ◽  
Spatial Management ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Planning Processes

Changes in the attitude of local authorities towards the managerial processes of local governments have opened the area for cooperation of many actors in decision making processes. Taking into account the complexity of urban planning it is necessary to search for methods facilitating the participatory planning processes. Of potential use are internet tools based on GIS, supporting the engagement of the public in the processes of management and consolidation of local inhabitants. One of such tools is the geo-questionnaire developed within the project: Geoportal supporting public participation in urban planning (GEOPLAN). The aim of the article is to present these results of six pilot studies of e-consultations performed in Poznań and Łódź agglomerations (Poland). Subsequent sections of the article present characterization of Public Participation Geographic Information System (PPGIS) tools and assessment of the possibilities of their use for spatial management on the basis of opinions of local inhabitants and local authorities. Attention is also paid to the legal and organizational challenges related to implementation of internet consultation processes in Poland. Solving these problems may lead to increased contribution of local society and greater effectiveness of decisions made in spatial management at local levels.

scholarly journals The Use of PPGIS: Towards Reaching a Meaningful Public Participation in Spatial Planning

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 581
Author(s):  
Edyta Bąkowska-Waldmann ◽  
Tomasz Kaczmarek
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Local Governance ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
Online Tools ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Impact

Together with technological innovations and the development of a digital society, PPGIS approaches have been rapidly growing popular in the last years, in Poland’s local administration. Local governments take significant interest in online tools; however the principles of public participation, which, in fact, should also be applied to e-consultations, are still missing. One of the assumed roles of PPGIS is to support public participation—not just in terms of the number of stakeholders, but especially in terms of the impact on decision making. The present paper discusses the results of investigations into two decision-making processes, regarding local spatial planning in the Poznań agglomeration, Poland, conducted in 2015–2021. Its aim is to verify the hypothesis that the use of PPGIS facilitates more meaningful involvement of citizens in spatial planning. As a result of the case study analysis, in-depth interviews with local authorities and officials, and analysis of the planning documents and the role of PPGIS in public participation in decision making, was investigated. It was shown that in both processes there was no direct participation of society in decision making. However, the use of PPGIS, according to local authorities, had implications in the context of the wider process of local governance.

Interrelationships between municipal spatial policy strategy and airport operation and development. Lodz Airport case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-79
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Nikorowicz-Zatorska
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Spatial Management ◽  
The One ◽  
Surrounding Areas

Abstract The present paper focuses on spatial management regulations in order to carry out investment in the field of airport facilities. The construction, upgrades, and maintenance of airports falls within the area of responsibility of local authorities. This task poses a great challenge in terms of organisation and finances. On the one hand, an active airport is a municipal landmark and drives local economic, social and cultural development, and on the other, the scale of investment often exceeds the capabilities of local authorities. The immediate environment of the airport determines its final use and prosperity. The objective of the paper is to review legislation that affects airports and the surrounding communities. The process of urban planning in Lodz and surrounding areas will be presented as a background to the problem of land use management in the vicinity of the airport. This paper seeks to address the following questions: if and how airports have affected urban planning in Lodz, does the land use around the airport prevent the development of Lodz Airport, and how has the situation changed over the time? It can be assumed that as a result of lack of experience, land resources and size of investments on one hand and legislative dissonance and peculiar practices on the other, aviation infrastructure in Lodz is designed to meet temporary needs and is characterised by achieving short-term goals. Cyclical problems are solved in an intermittent manner and involve all the municipal resources, so there’s little left to secure long-term investments.

scholarly journals Legal and Organizational Framework for the use of Geoweb Methods for Public Participation in Spatial Planning in Poland: Experiences, Opinions and Challenges

2018 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-175
Author(s):  
Edyta Bąkowska-Waldmann ◽  
Cezary Brudka ◽  
Piotr Jankowski
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Organizational Framework ◽  
Public Consultations

Abstract Geoweb methods offer an alternative to commonly used public participation methods in spatial planning. This paper discusses two such geoweb methods – geo-questionnaire and geo-discussion in the context of their initial applications within the spatial planning processes in Poland. The paper presents legal and organizational framework for the implementation of methods, provides their development details, and assesses insights gained from their deployment in the context of spatial planning in Poland. The analysed case studies encompass different spatial scales ranging from major cities in Poland (Poznań and Łódź) to suburban municipalities (Rokietnica and Swarzędz in Poznań Agglomeration). The studies have been substantiated by interviews with urban planners and local authorities on the use and value of Geoweb methods in public consultations.

scholarly journals Civil society participation in the Scottish marine planning process and the role of Environmental Non-Governmental Organisations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Brooker ◽  
Charlotte Rachael Hopkins ◽  
Emilie Devenport ◽  
Lucy Greenhill ◽  
Calum Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Public Representation ◽  
Management And Development ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Marine Planning

Sustainable development principles are based on the fundamental recognition of humans as an integral part of the ecosystem. Participation of civil society should therefore be central to marine planning processes and enabling ecosystem-based management, and development of mechanisms for effective participation is critical. To date, little attention has been given to the role of Environmental Non-Governmental Organisations (ENGOs) in public participation. In this paper, the results of two workshops, which involved various stakeholders and addressed public participation in marine planning, are reported and discussed in the context of the Scottish marine planning process. ENGOs’ role in communicating complex policies, representing members’ interests and contributing towards participatory governance in marine planning is highlighted. Innovative outreach methods are still required by decision-makers to translate technical information, integrate local knowledge, improve public representation and conserve resources. This could include collaboration with ENGOs to help promote public participation in decision-making processes.

scholarly journals REALITY AND PERSPECTIVES OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN URBAN PLANNING AND DESIGN PROCESSES / VISUOMENĖS DALYVAVIMO URBANISTINIO PLANAVIMO IR PROJEKTAVIMO PROCESUOSE REALIJOS IR PERSPEKTYVOS

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matas Cirtautas
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Design Processes ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Urban Planning And Design ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Time To Learn

Lithuania is not the only country where public contribution to urban planning and urban design processes is highly procedural and formalistic. Unidirectional and inflexible cooperation between participants of urban planning activities is common in various countries. Cross-purposes and conflict situations once boosted emergence of innovative and effective methods for decision making in urban planning processes in developed countries. Now it’s time to learn from these examples and creatively adopt them for purposes of long-term optimization of our national urban planning system. Paper describes some marginal activities in urban planning and design processes and disputes a growing impact of public participation in development of cities and urban regions.

scholarly journals Between Consultation and Collaboration: Self-Reported Objectives for 25 Web-Based Geoparticipation Projects in Urban Planning

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 783
Author(s):  
Ian Babelon ◽  
Jiří Pánek ◽  
Enzo Falco ◽  
Reinout Kleinhans ◽  
James Charlton
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Public ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Survey Responses

Web-based participatory mapping technologies are being increasingly harnessed by local governments to crowdsource local knowledge and engage the public in urban planning policies as a means of increasing the transparency and legitimacy of planning processes and decisions. We refer to these technologies as “geoparticipation”. Current innovations are outpacing research into the use of geoparticipation in participatory planning practices. To address this knowledge gap, this paper investigates the objectives of web-based geoparticipation and uses empirical evidence from online survey responses related to 25 urban planning projects in nine countries across three continents (Europe, North America, and Australia). The survey adopts the objectives of the Spectrum for Public Participation that range from information empowerment, with each category specifying promises about how public input is expected to influence decision-making (IAP2, 2018). Our findings show that geoparticipation can leverage a ‘middle-ground’ of citizen participation by facilitating involvement alongside consultation and/or collaboration. This paper constitutes a pilot study as a step toward more robust and replicable empirical studies for cross-country comparisons. Empowerment (or citizen control) is not yet a normative goal or outcome for web-based geoparticipation. Our evidence also suggests that information is pursued alongside other objectives for citizen participation, and therefore functions not as a “low-hanging fruit” as portrayed in the literature, but rather as a core component of higher intensities of participation.

scholarly journals Re-Examine Conventional Concepts in Urban Design: The Conflict Between Urban Space Utilization and the Elements of Power and Control - Case of Hawkers within Amman, Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Dania Abdel-Aziz ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Space Requirements ◽  
And Control

Architecture and urbanism are disciplines based on knowledge of space. From this point of view, this research aims to study the challenges of dealing with hawkers (Street Vendors) in Jordan's urban centres generally by shedding light on downtown Amman. Although they succeed in acquiring and controlling space informally in Amman, hawkers have been ignored by local planners and even been harassed by local authorities for not being given space to operate their businesses. Rigid transformations should be carried in urban planning strategies in downtown Amman. Local policies need to be enforced to end this conflict and provide suitable conditions and capacities to read and respond to the hawkers' needs. They represent an integral part of the region's urban fabric. This study is based on reviewing related literature, field survey, and observations carried out for two months in the study area. In addition to several informal discussions held with the hawkers, pedestrians, merchants, and local authorities, questionnaires were used to clarify specific issues. The study suggests a few recommendations to help fulfil urban centres' effective utilization and harmonize formal activities and the hawkers in order to resolve this conflict. The study found that street hawkers are only considered troublemakers and have never been involved in decision-making when urban planning occurs. These will be an ongoing issue, not unless they are integrated into the planning processes. The study suggests different scenarios for proper allocation of hawking space can be done regarding accommodating them according to their space requirements worked out the basis of the products sold, as has been done in the present study. In short, this will help in providing suitable trading environments for the hawkers, creating a pedestrian-friendly neighbourhood, decreasing the unemployment rate, among other advantages.

scholarly journals Herramientas web y Sistemas de Información Geográfica participativos como métodos para introducir la participación en procesos de planeamiento: el caso del Master Plan de Helsinki = Web tools and PPGIS as methods for introducing public participation in urban planning processes: the case of Helsinki’s Master Plan

2020 ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Beatriz Santos Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Master Plan ◽  
Case Study Methodology ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Web Tools ◽  
On Line ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
City Plan ◽  
Sistemas De Informacion

ResumenEl artículo explora nuevos métodos de participación que aprovechan las posibilidades de las herramientas web para implicar a la ciudadanía en los procesos de planificación urbana utilizando la metodología del estudio de caso a través de la revisión del Master Plan de Helsinki (Helsinki City Plan 2050). Las distintas herramientas utilizadas en cada fase, especialmente las basadas en Sistemas de Información Geográfica (PPGIS), han sido revisadas para evaluar su contribución al resultado del proceso e identificar las ventajas e inconvenientes que han planteado. Destaca el uso del cuestionario on-line con base cartográfica, una aplicación fácil de usar que presenta muchas posibilidades de análisis y visualización de datos y resultados, pero, sin embargo, los profesionales encuentran dificultades para incorporar los resultados en el documento final. Aspectos como la elección de la herramienta participativa, la preparación del cuestionario, la colaboración de los distintos agentes implicados y la devolución de resultados a la ciudadanía resultan claves para lograr el éxito del proceso.AbstractThe research explores new participation methods that use the potential of web tools to engage citizens in urban planning processes using the case study methodology through the Helsinki’s Master Plan Review (Helsinki City Plan 2050). Different participation tools used at every stage, particularly Public Participation Geographic Information System (PPGIS), have been analyzed in order to assess its contribution towards the outcome of the process and identify the advantages and disadvantages raised. The main tool is an on-line map-based survey, an easy-to-use application that offers many possibilities of data analysis and visualization but, however, planners find it difficult to incorporate the results into the final document. The choice of the participatory tool, the preparation of the survey, the collaboration of all stakeholders and reporting sessions to citizens are key issues to achieving the success of the process.

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