The Digital Divide and Its Influence on Public Education Diffusion

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 36-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Abu-Shanab
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Electronic Learning ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

It is evident that information and communication technologies (ICTs) have improved performance and efficiency for different types of organizations. One of the important applications of ICT in public and private businesses is related to education, where electronic learning (e-learning) is a domain that became a paradigm more than a specific application. To utilize the full benefits of e-learning in public education and to exploit the diverse options of e-learning and specifically the synchronization of learning, digital divide is becoming an important obstacle that prevents teachers, students, and society members from benefiting from this phenomenon. Governments are striving to bridge the digital divide so that equal opportunities for education are guaranteed for their citizens in urban and rural areas. It is vital to explore the influence of digital divide on rural areas and how it affects the learning process. This study will explore the digital divide phenomenon, its relationship to e-learning concepts, how governments bridge this divide through e-government options, and finally, conduct an empirical test that explores the perceptions of students living in rural areas around the digital divide and its relationship to e-learning and education.

scholarly journals La Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Rica (UNED) y la virtualización de su oferta académica. Un análisis reflexivo de su puesta en práctica

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Arnaldo Rodríguez-Espinoza
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Access And Quality ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Quality In Education

This article analyses the virtualization process of university courses implemented in the four schools of the National Distance Education University (UNED, for its acronym in Spanish). Primarily, the objective is to determine whether the virtualization of the courses should be the only alternative for students, or if it should be another tool to integrate into the pedagogic model of distance education in the context and reality of Costa Rica, in regards to the viability of access to digital technologies. Thus, an analysis of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) was done through virtualization and e-learning, explaining its implementation in UNED, a setting where there is still a long way to go in terms of accessibility, mainly between urban and rural areas. Additionally, the ICTs are approached as an alternative, an option, or a tool within the distance education model, since their implementation depends on a pedagogic foundation (techniques, strategies, and methodologies in ICT), and above all, on the context. The conclusions state that the virtualization of the courses must be an alternative but not an imposition for the students, because consideration of the context is vital, in terms of accessibility to digital technologies in Costa Rica, meaning that the quality of education must prevail over the means (semi-virtual, hybrid, virtual, or distance). Virtualization is not a matter of being at the forefront by means of technical innovation, but its implementation must be based on a real need with suitable conditions (adequate logistic infrastructure). Finally, ICTs must depend on a clearly established pedagogical curriculum, without reducing the access and quality in education.

A Survey: E-Learning Affects, Satisfaction and Sentiments of Students of Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University Shaheed Benazirabad,Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-668
Keyword(s):  
Online Learning ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Electronic Learning ◽  
Online Examination ◽  
Computer Knowledge ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Computer Literate ◽  
Result Analysis

In this paper authors have concluded the satisfaction of undergraduate students about the e-learning (electronic learning) during pandemic situation. The data is collected through research questionarrie from 94 students of Information Technology departmentof Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Shaheed Benazirabad. From the total participants 75.5% were male and 24.5% were female. from the result analysis we concluded that those students who are already computer literate and established financial background they managed to learn by home however those who have lack of computer knowledge, belongs from the rural areas and unavailability of internet facility they are not supposed to manage the online classes. few students reports that they don’t have computing devices and internet facility therefore they come at the friend’s residency to attend the online class or to attempt the online examination. As we asked one open-ended question to share their experience about the online learning, from that response we have calculated overall sentiments about the students through the MonkeyLearn online tool, results of sentiments shows that 55.3% positive emotions and reset of the students showed negative emotions about the online learning.

scholarly journals Mapping poverty using mobile phone and satellite data

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (127) ◽  
pp. 20160690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica E. Steele ◽  
Pål Roe Sundsøy ◽  
Carla Pezzulo ◽  
Victor A. Alegana ◽  
Tomas J. Bird ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Mobile Data ◽  
Poverty Measures ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Poverty is one of the most important determinants of adverse health outcomes globally, a major cause of societal instability and one of the largest causes of lost human potential. Traditional approaches to measuring and targeting poverty rely heavily on census data, which in most low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are unavailable or out-of-date. Alternate measures are needed to complement and update estimates between censuses. This study demonstrates how public and private data sources that are commonly available for LMICs can be used to provide novel insight into the spatial distribution of poverty. We evaluate the relative value of modelling three traditional poverty measures using aggregate data from mobile operators and widely available geospatial data. Taken together, models combining these data sources provide the best predictive power (highest r 2 = 0.78) and lowest error, but generally models employing mobile data only yield comparable results, offering the potential to measure poverty more frequently and at finer granularity. Stratifying models into urban and rural areas highlights the advantage of using mobile data in urban areas and different data in different contexts. The findings indicate the possibility to estimate and continually monitor poverty rates at high spatial resolution in countries with limited capacity to support traditional methods of data collection.

scholarly journals Extended Input–Output Model for Urbanization An Empirical Test Using Chinese Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuhiro Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Demographic Modeling ◽  
Employment Multiplier ◽  
Population Concentration ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

Abstract Although the input–output model has been widely used for both pure economic analysis and environmental issues, demographic analysis has been relegated to the periphery in the input–output literature. Since the 1980s, Batey and his various co-researchers have made a significant contribution to the progress of economic–demographic modeling from the perspective of unemployment in the context of shrinking regional economies. This study focuses on another demographic aspect of the urbanization process by developing an extended input–output model for urbanization, using the so-called Batey–Madden model, which focuses on incorporating labor accounts with the input–output model. The study proposes a new “urbanization multiplier,” which implies strong population concentration in cities based on an employment multiplier in urban areas and labor allocation possibilities between urban and rural areas. According to a preliminary application to Chinese urbanization, economic structure can be said to determine the urbanization multiplier, indicating the extent of employment opportunities created in urban areas, and the size of the population attracted from rural areas. Furthermore, the study considers a wide range of possible applications of the input–output table in terms of urbanization.

scholarly journals COVID-19 AND EDUCATION OF MASS COMMUNICATION:

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Saleem Abbas ◽  
Firasat Jabeen ◽  
Huma Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Mass Communication ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Learning Challenges ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Mass Communication Education

The sudden closure of educational institutions in 2020  brought multiple financial and learning challenges for Pakistani female students. In our experience, not only formal and informal learning realms of female students have been affected in the post pandemic educational landscape, but a distinct gender and digital divide (GDD) is also noticeable between technology-equipped and deprived students. Considering the theoretical perspectives of digital divide, this paper will essentially explicate the chasms existing within female students of Mass Communication in Pakistan.  Given Pakistan’s conservative and patriarchal culture, it is very important to study how female students of Mass Communication, from both urban and rural areas, responded to the change after the pandemic. Through in-depth interviews of twenty female students, we argue that the COVID-19 pandemic has aggravated already existing GDD in Pakistani educational landscape. Especially the first order GDD in education can be seen frequently in Pakistani rural locations. Moreover, economic limitations and socio-cultural norms also play an essential role in exacerbating second order GDD in the Mass Communication education. Thus, in this sense, the pandemic has brought a change that is charged with exclusion and disparity. Moreover, we argue that digital divide is a gendered concept for a periphery country such as Pakistan.  

scholarly journals Digital Divide and Poverty Eradication in the Rural Region of Northern Peninsular Malaysia

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Sharifah Rohayah Dawood
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Grass Root ◽  
Grass Root Level ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Strategic Implementation ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas

 One of the ways to eliminate poverty is through Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) that is often promoted as central to reviving and sustaining regional communities. In the context of Malaysia, however, the level of communication in urban and rural areas has seen a gap in terms of access to ICTs. Though various initiatives are taken to close the digital gaps, more efforts are needed. This paper intends to explore the extent to which ICTs in rural areas of northern Peninsular Malaysia are able to raise the socio-economic development of the communities. Using questionnaires and in-depth interviews, emphasis is given to analyze the role of ICTs in poverty reduction processes upholding regional developments. It has been observed that solving common causes for the communities’ access and socio-economic growth needs strategic implementation of policies at the central core and pragmatic implementation of actions at the grass root level.

The Cultivation of Technology Usage Among Potential Users of ICT

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-43
Author(s):  
Nimmy Maria Joseph ◽  
P E Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Basic Requirement ◽  
Technology Usage ◽  
Information And Communication

The purpose of establishing information and communication technologies (ICTs) in rural areas is for development. Nevertheless, the increasing presence of the “digital divide” indicates that there are setbacks in accomplishing of this progress. A deeper understanding about the categorization of users and non-users of technologies is needed as there is an implicit element called ‘potential users' among the non-users category that decides ICT usage. In this article, the analysis of demographics and psychographics of a person plays a critical role in identifying potential users and converting them to innovators. The reasons why people do and do not use technology and categorization of users and non-users is the perfect criteria to analyse potential users among so called non-users. This article discusses the categorization of ICT users and non-users and the barriers of potential users for technology use. Thus, measures for transforming potential users to innovators are described. The need for digital freedom is found to be the basic requirement of potential users.

Zufriedenheit mit der Gesundheitsversorgung: Gibt es strukturelle Unterschiede?

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-307
Author(s):  
Katharina Lima de Miranda ◽  
Daniel Prosi ◽  
Ulrich Schmidt ◽  
Hanna Wecker
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Statutory Health Insurance ◽  
Waiting Times ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Structural Differences ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Care Costs

Abstract This study examines structural differences in the subjective quality of health care in Germany using a newspaper survey. We find that there are significant differences between urban and rural areas as well as between public and private insurance. In rural areas, the provision of general practitioners, specialists and hospitals are considered as worse than in cities. In particular, public insured individuals asses the provision of specialized doctors and hospitals as lower than private insured and criticize long waiting times for appointments and lacking coverage of health care costs by the statutory health insurance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document