scholarly journals Production and quality of tropical grasses at different regrowth intervals in the Brazilian semiarid

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. e52842
Author(s):  
Genildo Fonseca Pereira ◽  
João Virgínio Emerenciano Neto ◽  
Gelson dos Santos Difante ◽  
Liz Carolina da Silva Lagos Cortes Assis ◽  
Patrícia de Oliveira Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Crude Protein Level

The objective of this study was to evaluate the production and chemical composition of three forage species at different regrowth intervals. A 3 x 4 randomized-block factorial design with three forage species (Andropogon, Buffel, and Massai) and four regrowth intervals (21, 35, 49, and 63 days) was used. There was no interaction (p > 0.05) between forage species and regrowth interval on any of the chemical components evaluated. The crude protein content decreased but the contents of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and hemicellulose increased with increasing regrowth interval (p > 0.05). Only the contents of crude protein and ether extract were similar (p > 0.05) among grasses. A significant interaction was observed (p < 0.05) between forage species and regrowth interval on forage mass. Andropogon grass had the highest forage mass at 63 days (3,270.1 kg ha-1 DM cut-1) and the highest productivity regardless of the regrowth interval (19.1 t ha-1 DM year-1). Therefore, Andropogon grass was the most productive forage among the tested species. Pastures should be managed with shorter growth intervals due to the highest crude protein level and the lowest contents of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF GRAIN FEED QUALITY OF DIFFERENT BROAD BEAN GENOTYPES

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Beyza Ciftci ◽  
Yusuf Murat Kardes ◽  
Kagan Kokten ◽  
Mahmut Kaplan
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Feed Quality ◽  
Animal Feeding

The objective of the present study was to determine grain feed quality of different broad bean cultivars and lines. For this purpose, Eleven different cultivars and five lines (Emiralem, Histal, Sorgun, Kitik 2003, Sakiz, Eresen 87, Sevil, Reina Mora, Filiz 99, Salkim, Luz De, Otonoto, Seher, EU 4446, Canakkale, Antalya, EU319) were used as the plant material. Experiments were conducted in randomized blocks design with three replications. Effects of genotypes on grain feed quality were found to be highly significant (P≤0.01) Current findings revealed that crude oil content between 0.62 - 1.58%, crude ash content between 1.89 - 3.30%, crude protein content varied between 22.30 - 32.14%, acid detergent fiber (ADF) content between 7.45 - 14.94% and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content between 16.08 - 28.05%. Seher, EU 4446, Canakkale, Antalya, Filiz 99 and Histal were found to be prominent for hight crude protein and crude oil, thus these genotypes were recommended for animal feeding.

scholarly journals Producción de biomasa y calidad nutricional de tres forrajes cosechados a dos alturas

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Alberto Elizondo Salazar
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Forage Species ◽  
Cutting Height ◽  
The University

The objective of this experiment was to determine the effect of cutting height on yield and nutritional quality of three forage species used for feeding dairy cattle. The study was carried out at the “Alfredo Volio Mata” Experiment Station of the University of Costa Rica. The evaluated species were: native corn (Zea mays), black sorghum (Sorghum almum) and king grass cultivar Taiwan (Pennisetum purpureum); these three species were harvested at two different cutting heights (15 and 45 cm above ground). Green forage yield was significantly different (P<0.05) within each of the species and dry matter (DM) yield was reduced between 17 to 42% when cutting height was increased. When cutting height was done at 15 cm above ground, corn, black sorghum and Taiwan yielded 51.3, 31.4 and 70.9 t/ha/ cycle, respectively. With regard to DM, the forage species that yielded the most when harvested at 15 cm above ground was Taiwan grass, with 11.6 t/ha/cycle, while the forage species that yielded the least when harvested at 45 cm was corn with only 5.4 t/ha. Black sorghum signi cantly (P<0.05) improved its nutritive value when cutting height was increased. DM concentration increased from 22.79 to 25.53%, crude protein also increased from 8.24 to 12.90%, meanwhile neutral detergent fiber decreased from 63.69 to 59.47% and acid detergent fiber also decreased from 43.15 to 37.30%. 

scholarly journals Selecting squash (Cucurbita sp.) introductions by seed nutritional quality and seed meal

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-268
Author(s):  
Sanín Ortiz-Grisales ◽  
Magda-Piedad Valdés-Restrepo
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Seed Meal ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Feed Value ◽  
Whole Seed

Squash (Cucurbita sp.) is widely used in Colombia as both food and animal feed. However, its seeds are discarded. This study  aimed to identify squash genotypes with a high nutritional value in the whole seed meal (WSM) and defatted seed meal (DSM) within a group of 19 introductions (14 of Cucurbita moschata and 5 of C. sororia). For WSM, 70% of the introductions presented above-average values for extract (36.9%) and crude protein (26.34%); the fiber values were 20.34% neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and 13% acid detergent fiber (ADF). For DSM, 57% of the introductions presented above-average crude protein (43.5%) and 52% above-average crude energy values (4078 cal g-1).  Based on the relative feed value (RFV), introductions 1229, 1200, 1201, 1219 and 1206 were selected for WSM, and 1206 1229, 932, 1200, 786 and 954 were selected for DSM. In the selected C. moschata introductions, parents with general and specific combining abilities for ether extract and crude protein in WSM or high RFV in DSM should be identified. C. soraria introductions 1202 and 954 should be used in crosses that aim to obtain F2 segregants for seeds with a high oil content and high RFV in DSM.

scholarly journals Sugarcane Production Based on Mineral and Organic Nitrogen Fertilizers for Ruminant Feeding

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 678
Author(s):  
Elane Tyara de Jesus Siqueira ◽  
Rosane Claudia Rodrigues ◽  
José Roberto Brito Freitas ◽  
André Da Silva Alves ◽  
Zinaldo Firmino da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Swine Manure ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
N Sources

Sugarcane may be a potential feed source for ruminants in tropical and subtropical areas. An important factor that can influence the nutritional quality of sugarcane for animal feeding is nitrogen fertilization management, however, studies on this subject are still scarce. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen sources on the quality and productivity of sugarcane as a forage resource. The variety of sugarcane used was RB92579, with application of nitrogen (N) sources (urea, poultry litter, swine manure) and control (without N application). Stalk productivity and dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin, Brix, NDF / Brix ratio, and in situ digestibility were analyzed during incubation periods of 6, 24, and 72 hours. At the end of the study, it was found that the N sources did not interfere with sugarcane stalk productivity (P> 0.05), with an average productivity of 102 t ha-1. The N treatments did not influence (P> 0.05) in the nutritional quality of sugarcane, when evaluating the contents of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, lignin, Brix and NDF / Brix ratio. The dry matter degradation had an effect (P <0.05) for the different N sources and incubation times, where poultry litter and swine manure treatments showed higher values for degradation at 72 hours of incubation. The different N organic sources did not interfere in the chemical composition and productivity of the sugarcane culture, however it presented better results in the in situ degradability of the dry matter. This, it can be recommended that mineral nitrogen fertilizers can be replaced by organic fertilizers.

scholarly journals SHOOT DRY WEIGHT YIELD, BROMATOLOGICAL COMPOSITION, AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF ALFALFA CULTIVARS IN TROPICAL CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 425-438
Author(s):  
Adônis Moreira ◽  
Reinaldo Paula Ferreira ◽  
Duarte Vilela ◽  
Larissa Alexandra Cardoso Moraes
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Weight Yield ◽  
Tropical Conditions ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

Improvement to animal genetics requires the supply of superior quality forage, such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.). Under tropical and subtropical conditions in Brazil, alfalfa cultivation has been restricted to the 'Crioula' cultivar, although studies have indicated that other cultivars have excellent potential of yield. The objective of this work was to evaluate the adaptation and longevity of 92 alfalfa cultivars to the tropical edaphoclimatic conditions by assessing shoot dry weight yield (SDWY), crude protein content (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and nutrient content in SDWY. The 'Crioula', 'P 105', 'Rio Grande', and 'Springfield' cultivars were the most promising owing to their higher yield and lower reduction in SDWY. Crude protein (CP) content varied among cultivars, with the highest value found in 'Pro INTA Lujan' (24.5%) and the lowest found in 'Pecos' (18.8%). NDF content ranged from 25.8% ('Key II') to 38.7% ('California 50'), while ADF content ranged from 16.4% ('F 708') to 24.8% ('Diamond'). Nutrient levels of all cultivars were within the levels considered appropriate for tropical conditions.

scholarly journals Fermentative characteristics and nutritional value of sugarcane silage added with two types of urea

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-194
Author(s):  
Wagner Sousa-Alves ◽  
João-Paulo S Rigueira ◽  
Marielly M Almeida-Moura ◽  
Diego L S De-Jesus ◽  
Flávio P Monção ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Soluble Carbohydrates ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Yeast Growth ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Concentration Levels

Background: Dry matter (DM) loss is high in sugarcane silage due to its high content of soluble carbohydrates which favors yeast growth and ethanol production, thus reducing the nutritional value of the preserved forage. Objective: To determine the effect of adding two types of urea at two concentration levels to sugarcane silage on the nutritional value and fermentative characteristics of the silage. Methods: A completely randomized 2×2+1 factorial design was used, based on two types of urea (conventional and protected), two urea concentration (0.5 and 1.0% of the natural matter), and a control (sugarcane silage with no additives). Six replicates were used. The mixture was placed in PVC silos and opened after 60 days. Results: There was no difference in DM content or effluent losses by the addition of urea. In regards to neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, and lignin, decreased levels were observed compared to the control, regardless of urea type. Urea type and concentration had an effect on ammoniacal nitrogen content, with higher values for conventional urea, but not affecting the pH. The addition of urea to sugarcane silage reduced gas losses and raised the levels of crude protein, ether extract, and effective degradability. Conclusion: Adding protected or conventional urea at 1% of natural matter at the time of sugarcane ensiling reduces gas losses and improves nutritional composition of the silage.

scholarly journals Influence of Body Size on Dietary Nutrition of White-Tailed Deer Odocoileus virginianus

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan S. Luna ◽  
Adam Duarte ◽  
Floyd W. Weckerly
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Odocoileus Virginianus ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Habitat Differences

Abstract Intraspecific competition is one of the major factors that can have an effect on the resources utilized within a habitat. Differences in diet quality of selected forage have been noted in size-dimorphic ungulates. However, on an intraspecific basis, data demonstrating a body size influence on diet quality are lacking. We examined diet quality across a range of body masses (14–76 kg) in white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus (n  =  108) in a 2,628-ha enclosure at Kerr Wildlife Management Area, Kerr County, Texas, USA. The quality of the diet consumed was determined by crude protein, acid detergent fiber, and neutral detergent fiber content of digesta in the rumen–reticulum. Results indicated that in relation to body mass, the ratio of crude protein to acid detergent fiber was greater for smaller bodied white-tailed deer. By consuming a diet higher in crude protein than did large bodied individuals, small-bodied individuals should meet their high mass-specific metabolic demands more efficiently. Furthermore, selective foraging by different-sized individuals might also reduce intraspecific competition. Information presented herein is relevant to wildlife managers in that by increasing available high-quality forage, small-bodied individuals will more efficiently meet their metabolic demands, which could have ramifications on recruitment within that population.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Gut Microbiota in Sows and Their Relationship with Apparent Nutrient Digestibility

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Niu ◽  
Pinghua Li ◽  
Shuaishuai Hao ◽  
Sung Kim ◽  
Taoran Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Microbial Structure ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Digestive Process

The gut microbiota plays important roles in animal health and nutrient digestibility. The characteristics of gut microbiota population in grower pigs and their correlation with apparent nutrient digestibility were assessed in previous study. Here we studied characteristics of intestinal microbiota of sows and analyzed their relationships with apparent nutrient (ether extract (EE), crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF)) digestibility. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the most dominant phyla, approximately 73% of the total sequences. Treponema, Oscillibacter and Lactobacillus were the most dominant generas, more than 49% of the total sequences. The microbiota of sows clustered separately from the microbiota of grower pigs at the age of D28 D60, D90 and D150. The abundance of Clostridium and Turicibacter was positively correlated with apparent EE digestibility. The abundance of Anaerofustis and Robinsoniella in sow fecal samples was positively correlated with apparent CF digestibility. The abundance of Collinsella and Sutterella was positively correlated with apparent NDF digestibility. The abundance of Clostridium, Collinsella, Robinsoniella and Turicibacter was positively correlated with apparent ADF digestibility. Sows have their unique gut microbial structure compared with grower pigs and some of them participate in the digestive process of different nutrients.

scholarly journals Effects of hybrid and row spacing on maize forage yield and quality

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 515-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Iptas ◽  
A.A. Acar
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Quality Parameter ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Whole Plant

This study was conducted to determine the effect of row spacing (40, 60 and 80 cm) on forage dry matter (DM) yield and quality of four hybrids grown in the years 2001 and 2002. The highest DM yield was obtained from the Arifiye (24.1 and 22.4 t/ha) while the lowest DM yield was obtained from Pioneer 3163 (19.9 and 19.8 t/ha) in the years 2001 and 2002, respectively. As row spacing increased, DM yield as an average of two years decreased from 27.2 to 16.6 t/ha. No differences were found among row spacing for DM content, harvest index (HI) and ear content. As row spacing increased, whole-plant acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content increased from 214 to 227 g/kg and from 420 to 451 g/kg during the year 2001, respectively. However, ADF content decreased from 281 to 267 g/kg and NDF contents decreased from 530 to 515 g/kg with increasing row spacing during the year 2002. In this study, hybrids showed distinct differences for crude protein, ADF and NDF contents in both years. Forage quality parameter including ADF and NDF of Pioneer 3163, TTM 8119 and Karadeniz Yildizi were higher than Arifiye hybrid.

scholarly journals Effect of the application of different water depths and nitrogen and potassium doses on quality of Tanzania grass

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-688
Author(s):  
Jair da C. Oliveira Filho ◽  
Rubens A. de Oliveira ◽  
Ednaldo M. de Oliveira ◽  
Paulo R. Cecon ◽  
Carlos E. Martins
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
The State ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Crude Protein Content ◽  
Water Depths

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the application of different water depths and nitrogen and potassium doses in the quality of Tanzania grass, in the southern of the state of Tocantins. The experiment was conducted on strips of traditional sprinklers, and used, as treatments, a mixture of fertilizer combinations of N and K2O always in the ratio of 1 N:0.8 K2O. This study determined throughout the experiment: plant height (PH), the crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF). The highest plant height obtained was 132.4 cm, with a fertilizer dose of 691.71 kg ha-1 in the proportion of N:0.8 K2O, in other words, 384.28 kg ha-1 of N and 307.43 kg ha-1 of K2O, and water depth of 80% of the ETc. The highest crude protein content was 12.2%, with the fertilizer dose application of 700 kg ha-1 yr-1 in the proportion of 1 N to 0.8 of K2O, in other words, 388.89 kg ha-1 of N and 311.11 kg ha-1 of K2O and absence of irrigation. The lowest level of neutral detergent fiber was 60.7% with the application of the smallest dose of fertilizer and highest water depth. It was concluded in this study that there was an increase in plant height by increasing the fertilizer dose and water depth. The crude protein content increased 5.4% in the dry season, by increasing the fertilizer dose and water depth. In the dry season, there was an increase of NDF content by 4.5% by increasing the application of fertilizer and water depth.

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