Influence of Microstructure of TC4 Titanium Alloy on Ultrasonic Velocity and Attenuation

2011 ◽  
Vol 117-119 ◽  
pp. 1766-1769
Author(s):  
Yun Long Ai ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Wen He ◽  
Bing Liang Liang ◽  
Ji Lin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Longitudinal Wave ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Water Quenching ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Wave Velocities ◽  
Tc4 Titanium Alloy ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Tc4 Alloy

Primeval TC4 titanium alloy was subjected to solution treatment at 1150°C for 1h, followed by water quenching, oil quenching, air cooling and furnace cooling, respectively. The pulse-echo method was carried out to measure ultrasonic longitudinal wave velocities (ν) and attenuation coefficients (α) of these heat-treated samples. The relationship between microstructures of different cooling rates and ultrasonic parameters such as ultrasonic longitudinal wave velocities (ν) and attenuation coefficients (α) was investigated. The results show that the microstructures of heat-treated TC4 alloy were α phase and β boundaries, and the ultrasonic longitudinal velocities and attenuation coefficients of these heat-treated samples, in turn, increased with reducing the cooling rate from water quenching to furnace cooling.

Influence of Microstructure of TC11 Titanium Alloy on Ultrasonic Velocity and Attenuation

2011 ◽  
Vol 337 ◽  
pp. 719-723
Author(s):  
Yun Long Ai ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Wen He ◽  
Bing Liang Liang ◽  
Ji Lin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Longitudinal Wave ◽  
Ultrasonic Attenuation ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Water Quenching ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Opposite Behavior ◽  
Tc11 Titanium Alloy

TC11 titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-3Mo-1.2Zr-0.3Si) was subjected to solution treatment above β-phase field solution for 1 h with different cooling rates, such as water quenching, oil quenching, air cooling and furnace cooling, and gained four different microstructures. The relationship between microstructures and ultrasonic parameters such as ultrasonic longitudinal wave velocities (ν) and attenuation coefficients (α) was investigated. The results show that ultrasonic longitudinal velocities and attenuation coefficients increase with reducing the cooling rate from water quenching to furnace cooling. The hardness of these microstructures exhibits an opposite behavior to longitudinal wave velocity and ultrasonic attenuation coefficient.

scholarly journals Influence of Microstructures on Tensile Properties at 400℃ of TC4 Titanium Alloy

2020 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 11048
Author(s):  
Ren Yong ◽  
Yang Nan ◽  
Lei Jinwen ◽  
Li Shaoqiang ◽  
Du Yuxuan
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Phase Volume Fraction ◽  
Tc4 Titanium Alloy ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Cooling Speed

The effects of primary α phase volume fraction on the tensile properties at 400℃ of TC4 titanium alloy was studied by different solution temperature(Tβ-(10~80)℃). The effects of the thick of secondary α phase on the tensile properties at 400℃ of TC4 titanium alloy was studied by different cooling speed after solution treatment (water quench, air cooling, furnace cooling). The results show that with the decrease of primary α phase, the tensile and yield strength increase up, but the ductility has a little change. The thick of secondary α phase increases with the deceases of cooling speed after solution treatment, highest tensile and yield strength by water quench, the tensile strength of air cooling and furnace cooling were basically the same, but the yield strength of furnace cooling was 40MPa lower than air cooling. Therefore, the influence of the primary α phase volume fraction on the tensile strength at 400℃ was particularly obvious, we can control solution treatment and cooling way in combination with different requirements.

Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure Evolution of Ti-6Al-3Sn-3Zr-3Mo-3Nb-1W-0.2Si Titanium Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 879 ◽  
pp. 1828-1833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Yun Song ◽  
Wen Jing Zhang ◽  
Teng Ma ◽  
Wen Jun Ye ◽  
Song Xiao Hui
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Water Quenching ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Β Phase ◽  
Α Phase

Ti-6Al-3Sn-3Zr-3Mo-3Nb-1W-0.2Si (BTi-6431S) alloy is a novel two-phase high temperature titanium alloy for short-term using in aerospace industry up to 700°C. The effects of heat treatment on the microstructure evolution of BTi-6431S alloy bar were investigated through optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that solution treatment in β region at 1010°C followed by water quenching results in the formation of orthorhombic martensite α′′ phase, while air cooling leads to the formation of hexagonal martensite α′ phase. When solution-treated in α+β phase field at temperatures from 900°C to 980°C following by water quenching, the content of primary α phase decreases with the increase of heat treatment temperature. For the alloy subjected to identical heat treatment, the content of Al in α phase is much higher than that in β phase, while the contents of Nb, Mo and W elements in α phase are much less than those in β phase.

Effect of Cooling Medium on Solution Treatment Response of Titanium Alloy Ti-5Al-5V-2Mo

2015 ◽  
Vol 830-831 ◽  
pp. 123-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Anil Kumar ◽  
R.K. Gupta ◽  
J. Paul Murugan ◽  
J. Srinath ◽  
Sushant K. Manwatkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Water Quenching ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Solution Treatment Temperature ◽  
Stress Relieving

Titanium alloys are widely used in aerospace industry in the areas of pressure vessels, airframe structures, landing gears, aeroengine compressor blades etc. The principal qualities of titanium alloys required for these applications are high specific strength, low density and high specific modulus. Among the families of Ti alloys, high strength titanium alloys come under martensitic α + β and metastable β alloys. Titanium alloy Ti-5Al-5V-2Mo (BT-23) is an important example of martensitic α + β alloy similar to the work horse Ti6Al4V alloy which exhibits good combination of strength and ductility in solution treated and aged conditions. But due to quenching from solution treatment temperature, the alloy tends to retain good amount of residual stresses. The severity of residual stress increases with increase in solution treatment temperature as well as severity of quench. An attempt has been made to study the effect of air cooling subsequent to solution treatment to compare the strength of the alloy vis-à-vis that achievable during water quenching. An attempt has also been made to correlate the microstructure evolution, hardness with variation in solution treatment temperature and quench severity in titanium alloy Ti-5Al-2Mo-5V. Samples subjected to air cooling subsequent to solution treatment exhibited higher microhardness when compared to water quenched samples. It is proposed that dynamic aging and/ or stress relieving occurs during air cooling from solution treatment temperature down to room temperature. Also the fine α precipitates formed during air cooling may be resulting in higher hardness compared to the α’’/α’ formed during water quenching. The same has been supported by thermal analysis of air cooling and water quenching processes employed subsequent to solution treatment.

Effect of cooling rates of solution treatment on rejuvenation heat-treated microstructures of a cast nickel-based superalloy

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
Chuleeporn Paa-rai ◽  
Gobboon Lothongkum ◽  
Panyawat Wangyao
Keyword(s):  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Irregular Shape ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Gamma Prime ◽  
Nickel Based Superalloy ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Two Temperatures ◽  
Cooling Media

Abstract IN-738 turbine blade samples, deteriorated after long term service at high temperatures, were solution heat-treated at two temperatures, 1398 K and 1473 K, for 7.2 ks. Subsequently, the samples were cooled down in different atmospheres, in air and in furnace, for the purpose of studying the effects of different cooling media (rates) on the restored microstructures. Following this, the samples were aged at 1118 K for 43.2 ks and 86.4 ks in order to determine the characteristic of re-precipitated gamma prime particles. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) and ImageJ analysis software were used. The results show that the cooling in air provided gamma prime particles re-precipitating in spherical shape while the cooling in a furnace resulted in coarse gamma prime particles re-precipitating in irregular shape. The samples solutionized at 1398 K for 7.2 ks cooled down in air and then aging at 1118 K provided bimodal microstructure, while the sample solutionized at 1473 K for 7.2 ks, followed by air cooling and aging at 1118 K generated unimodal γ’ precipitation in spherical shape. Cooling in a furnace provides coarse γ’ recipitated particles in more irregular shape for the both solutionizing temperatures studied here. Cooling in a furnace provides coarse γ’ precipitated particles in more irregular shape for the both solutionizing temperatures studied here.

Heat-Treated Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TC4 Alloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 197-198 ◽  
pp. 1524-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Bo Dong ◽  
Xin Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Double Shear ◽  
Comprehensive Properties ◽  
Α Phase ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Standard Specimens ◽  
Tc4 Alloy

The effects of heat treatment process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of TC4 alloy were investigated. The double shear and tensile tests were carried out by using the 12mm diameter standard specimens after solution treatment at 520°С for 1.5h and water quenching, followed by aging at 480-540°С for 8h. The microstructure and facture surface were analyzed using the equipment of metallurgical microscope and scanning electron microscopy. The results show that TC4 alloy show the best comprehensive performances after solution treatment at 940°С for 1.5h, aging at 520°С for 8h; the tensile specimens display a typical ductile fracture with oval dimples of various sizes; the microstructures with clear grain boundary and obvious lamellar structure are observed at room temperature. It indicates that the excellent comprehensive properties can be obtained by controlling the grain size of primary α phase and the morphology structure and amount of the secondary α phase at optimized aging temperature.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TC4 Titanium Alloy Subjected to High Static Magnetic Field

2017 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 345-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui Rong Li ◽  
Fang Fang Wang ◽  
Hong Ming Wang ◽  
Jiang Feng Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Dislocation Density ◽  
Static Magnetic Field ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
Tc4 Titanium Alloy ◽  
Tc4 Alloy ◽  
Deformation Ability ◽  
Magnetic Induction Intensity ◽  
The Magnetic Field

The TC4 titanium alloy was subjected to high static magnetic field (HSMF) treatment with different magnetic induced intensities (B=0、1T、2T、3T、4T、5T、6T and 7T). The effects of B on the texture, dislocation density, grain size, tensile properties and micro-hardness of TC4 titanium alloy were investigated, and the influence mechanism of magneto-plastic effect on the plastic deformation ability of titanium alloy was also been studied. The results showed that the dislocation density had been increased after the HSME treatment. It reached a maximum when B=2 T, which was enhanced by 1.6 times compared to that of the untreated samples. In the view of quantum scale,the magnetic field promoted the transition of radical pairs from singlet to triplet state, which caused the movement of dislocation, led to the dislocation depinning from the depinning center, and increased the flexibility of dislocation. Subsequently, the inevitability of optimized 2T parameter was further discussed in the dislocation pile-up. Furthermore, the magnetic field not only promoted the orientation preference of crystal plane along the slipping direction, but also had the effect on the grain refinement. Meanwhile the elongation had been increased due to HSMF treatment. The average elongation of TC4 alloy was 13.12% which was enhanced by 31.07% compared to that of the untreated sample which was 10.01%. And, the elongation increased with the increment of magnetic induction intensity B. The HSME treatment could also play a role in hardening alloys. When B=2 T the micro-hardness was 344.88 HV, which was increased by 8.09% compared to that without treatment. The micro-hardness was consistent with the change of the "point" of the dislocation density, which was characterized by dislocation strengthening.

Effect of heat treatment on microstructures and mechanical properties of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy rod prepared by powder compact extrusion

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (10n11) ◽  
pp. 1540004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Yang ◽  
Brian Gabbitas
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Powder Mixture ◽  
Powder Compact ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Holding Time ◽  
Water Quenching ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Homogeneous Microstructure ◽  
Heat Treated

In this paper, Ti-6Al-4V alloy rods were manufactured by the powder compact extrusion of a powder mixture of hydride–dehydride (HDH) titanium powder, elemental aluminum powder and master alloy powder. Extrusions were carried out at 1300°C and with a holding time of 5 min in an argon atmosphere. The effects of different heat treatments (HT1: 960°C/1 h, water quenching, HT2: 960°C/1 h, water quenching + 500°C/6 h, air cooling, HT3: 850°C/2 h, furnace cooling to 540°C, then air cooling) on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-extruded Ti-6Al-4V alloy rods were investigated. The results showed that a homogeneous microstructure, composed of a lamellar structure with a grain size range of 40–60 μm, was produced by powder compact extrusion of a powder mixture. The mechanical properties achieved were an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of 1254 MPa, a yield strength (YS) of 1216 MPa and 8% ductility. After quenching at 960°C and with a holding time of 1 h, the UTS and YS of the heat treated Ti-6Al-4V alloy rod were increased to 1324 MPa and 1290 MPa, and the ductility was increased to 12%. After HT2, the UTS and YS of the heat treated Ti-6Al-4V alloy rod were significantly increased to 1436 MPa and 1400 MPa, but the ductility decreased to 4%. After HT3, the mechanical properties of the heat treated Ti-6Al-4V alloy rod were slightly decreased to give a UTS of 1213 MPa and a YS of 1180 MPa, with an increase in ductility to 11%. The microstructural changes of as-extruded Ti-6Al-4V alloy rods were also investigated for the different heat treatments.

Effect of the Heat Treatment Process on Machinability of TC4 Alloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 320 ◽  
pp. 64-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jun Pang ◽  
Tan Ji Yu ◽  
Zong Ling Cao
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Orthogonal Design ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Tc4 Titanium Alloy ◽  
Tc4 Alloy ◽  
Multiple Variable ◽  
Turning Parameter

The orthogonal design approach is adopted to perform the cutting force experiment. It is based on the three typical metallographic phases of TC4 titanium alloy. The multiple-variable linear regression equations of the cutting force are built in term of the main technical parameters using the MINITAB software. Regression analysis is done, and an accurate empirical formula of TC4 cutting force is established. It is also optimized the cutting process parameters. The heat treatment’s technical laws of cutting force of TC4 titanium alloy are further undertaken, which provide a theoretical basis for improving cutting performance and optimizing turning parameter.

scholarly journals The Influence of Heat Treatment Temperature on Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Titanium Alloy Fabricated by Laser Melting Deposition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Xiaowen Xu ◽  
Ruixin Ma ◽  
Guojian Xu ◽  
Weijun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Beta Phase ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Tc4 Titanium Alloy ◽  
Laser Melting Deposition

Ti-6Al-4V (TC4) titanium alloy parts were successfully fabricated by laser melting deposition (LMD)technology in this study. Proper normalizing temperatures were presented in detailed for bulk LMD specimens. Optical microscope, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electronic universal testing machine were used to characterize the microstructures, phase compositions, the tensile properties and hardness of the TC4 alloy parts treated using different normalizing temperature. The experimental results showed that the as-fabricated LMD speceimens microstructures mainly consisted of α-Ti phase with a small amount of β-Ti phase. After normalizing treatment, in the area of α-Ti phase, the recrystallized length and width of α-Ti phase both increased. When normalizing in the (α+β) phase field, the elongated primary α-Ti phase in the as-deposited state was truncated due to the precipitation of β-Ti phase and became a short rod-like primary α-Ti phase. In as-fabricated microstructure, the β-Ti phase was precipitated between different short rod-shaped α-Ti phases distributed as basketweave. After normalizing treatment at 990 for two hours with subsequent air cooling, the TC4 titanium alloy had significant different microstructures from original sample produced by LMD. Moreover, the mismatch of tensile and hardness property was mitigated in this heat treatment. So the normalizing treatment methods and temperature can be qualified as a prospective heat treatment of titanium alloy fabricating by laser melting deposition.

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