The Carbon Emission Quantification of the Low Carbon Road Maintenance Technology in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 260-261 ◽  
pp. 833-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Zhou ◽  
Yim Wong ◽  
Xi Juan Xu ◽  
Cha Ren Ce Chiang ◽  
Hui Cong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Transportation Policy ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Maintenance Process

Low carbon road maintenance( hereinafter referred to as LCRM) technology is an important and essential part of the overall low carbon transportation policy in China. The large amount of carbon emission resulting from road maintenance needs to be determined with definitive methods and data to form a basis of measurement of the carbon emission of the road maintenance process. Various road surface maintenance technologies have different environmental impacts and dissimilar levels of carbon emission. When comparing the merits and drawbacks of the various maintenance technologies, not only factors such as the maintenance outcome, road surface quality, serviceable lifespan, costs and the impact on traffic and environment should be evaluated, but also other factors, such as carbon emission of the material used for the maintenance process, carbon emission of the machinery deployed and other amounts released during construction, have to be assessed and measured. This paper will allow for a comprehensive analysis that will help to choose the right road surface maintenance technology that produces the best road surface quality, the optimal economic benefit and the most favourable social and environmental outcome. LCRM protocol should be regulated and promoted by government legislation and through which adoption of the best practices would be encouraged.

scholarly journals Laboratory experiment on the nano-TiO2 photocatalytic degradation effect of road surface oil pollution

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 922-933
Author(s):  
Qing’e Wang ◽  
Kai Zheng ◽  
Huanan Yu ◽  
Luwei Zhao ◽  
Xuan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Oil Pollution ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Driving Safety ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Surfaces ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Degradation Effect

AbstractOil leak from vehicles is one of the most common pollution types of the road. The spilled oil could be retained on the surface and spread in the air voids of the road, which results in a decrease in the friction coefficient of the road, affects driving safety, and causes damage to pavement materials over time. Photocatalytic degradation through nano-TiO2 is a safe, long-lasting, and sustainable technology among the many methods for treating oil contamination on road surfaces. In this study, the nano-TiO2 photocatalytic degradation effect of road surface oil pollution was evaluated through the lab experiment. First, a glass dish was used as a substrate to determine the basic working condition of the test; then, a test method considering the impact of different oil erosion degrees was proposed to eliminate the effect of oil erosion on asphalt pavement and leakage on cement pavement, which led to the development of a lab test method for the nano-TiO2 photocatalytic degradation effect of oil pollution on different road surfaces.

scholarly journals Impact of Population Aging on Carbon Emission in China: A Panel Data Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weidong Li ◽  
Xin Qi ◽  
Xiaojun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Stirpat Model ◽  
The Impact

The impact of population structure on carbon emission has always been a key area of research in modern society. In this paper, we propose a new expanded STIRPAT model and panel co-integration method to analyze the relationship between population aging and carbon emission, based on the provincial panel data in China from 1999 to 2014. Empirical results show that there exists a significant inverted U-shaped curve between the population aging and carbon emission. There also exist regional discrepancies, where the impact of the population aging on carbon emission in the eastern region is significantly positive. By contrast, a negative relationship arises in the central and western regions. Finally, several suggestions for low carbon development are provided.

scholarly journals Application of Mixed Linear Models in the Analysis of Road Surface Features

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurgita Židanavičiūtė ◽  
Audrius Vaitkus
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Mixed Linear Models ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Surface Strength ◽  
The Road ◽  
Unequally Spaced ◽  
Units Of Analysis ◽  
The Impact

The data were collected by researchers at the Road Research Institute, in a study investigating the impact of differentfactors on road surface strength. In this statistical analysis, we apply linear mixed models (LMMs) to clustered longitudinal data, inwhich the units of analysis (points in the road) are nested within clusters (sample of four different road segments), and repeatedmeasures of road strength in these different points are collected over time with unequally spaced time intervals. The data arebalanced – each cluster has the same number of units, which are measured at the same number of time points. Because of correlateddata and different clusters in which data could be correlated, linear regression models are not appropriate here, and therefore linearmixed models are applied.

scholarly journals Does Emission Trading Improve Carbon Emission Efficiency of China’s Iron and Steel Industry? An Exploration Using a DEA-SBM and Difference-In-Differences Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiping Wang ◽  
Sujing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Steel Industry ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Emission Trading ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Iron And Steel Industry ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
Emission Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

Abstract As an effective tool of carbon emission reduction, emission trading has been widely used in many countries. Since 2013, China implemented carbon emission trading in seven provinces and cities, with iron and steel industry included in the first batch of pilot industries. This study attempts to explore the policy effect of emission trading on iron and steel industry in order to provide data and theoretical support for the low-carbon development of iron and steel industry as well as the optimization of carbon market. With panel data of China’s 29 provinces from 2006 to 2017, this study adopted a DEA-SBM model to measure carbon emission efficiency of China’s iron and steel industry (CEI) and a difference-in-differences (DID) method to explore the impact of emission trading on CEI. Moreover, regional heterogeneity and influencing mechanisms were further investigated, respectively. The results indicate that: (1) China's emission trading has a significant and sustained effect on carbon abatement of iron and steel industry, increasing the annual average CEI by 12.6% in pilot provinces. (2) The policy effects are heterogeneous across diverse regions. Higher impacts are found in the western and eastern regions, whereas the central region is not significant. (3) Emission trading improves CEI by stimulating technology innovation, reducing energy intensity, and adjusting energy structure. (4) Economic level and industrial structure are negatively related to CEI, while environmental governance and openness degree have no obvious impacts. Finally, according to the results and conclusions, some specific suggestions are proposed.

scholarly journals The impact of agriculture drainage reconstruction on ground water recession close to the subgrade

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilimantas Vaičiukynas ◽  
Saulius Vaikasas ◽  
Henrikas Sivilevičius ◽  
Audrius Grinys
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Hydraulic Permeability ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
Permeability Characteristics ◽  
The Road ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Good Drainage ◽  
Important Design ◽  
Local Road

Good drainage is the most important design consideration for a road, both to miniaturize road maintenance costs and maximize the time the road is operational. The lack of good drainage lead to the structural damages and costly repairs. Many of roads are built in intensively drained agricultural land. The effective way to drain subgrades is reconstruction of existing agricultural drainage. The impact of cross-subsurface drainage system on water level fluctuation was measured using Plane geofiltration mathematical model, one of 3D geofiltration modelling programs. The hydraulic permeability characteristics were determined in field of Pikeliai, close to local road in Kėdainiai district, Lithuania. This object is composed of clay and loamy soils. Subsurface cross drains trenches spacing of 20 m, 30 m and 40 m were simulated. The hydraulic permeability of cross drain trenches and lateral trenches modelled was from 0.006 m/a day to 6 m/a day. The simulation of cross drains trenches showed that the most effective distance between them are 20 m. The highest water depression occurs when the permeability of cross drain trenches and lateral trenches is ~ 6 m/day, at the distance of 20 m. The water recession is 20 cm lower compared to the drainage systems without cross drains trenches. By installing cross drains trenches every 30 m, water recession is 10 cm lower when the trench permeability is about 6 m/day. When increasing the distance between the cross drains up to 40 m their influence disappears.

A Fusion Navigation of Double Laser Radar for Intelligent Vehicle

2011 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
pp. 711-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Xia Meng ◽  
Fu Chun Sun ◽  
Hua Ping Liu ◽  
Tao Chu
Keyword(s):  
Field Method ◽  
Road Surface ◽  
Laser Radar ◽  
Intelligent Vehicle ◽  
Height Difference ◽  
The Road ◽  
Potential Field Method ◽  
Regular Shape ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Navigation Method

A navigation method is presented for intelligent vehicle based on fusion of double laser radar. Given laser radar model and road curb model, road curbs are detected by one laser radar tilt-mounted on the intelligent vehicle, and they restrict the vehicle to travel inside the road surface. First, obstacle information from two laser radar are unified to same reference frame and fused, then they are implemented using angle potential field method, the best navigation angle is computed under the road curb restriction. Experiments show the algorithm works well in spite of road-boundary has regular shape or not, and is free from the impact of height difference of the road curb and road surface.

scholarly journals Optimizing Urban Distribution Routes for Perishable Foods Considering Carbon Emission Reduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (16) ◽  
pp. 4387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Wang ◽  
Yang ◽  
Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Carbon Tax ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Emission Reduction ◽  
Urban Distribution ◽  
The Impact

The increasing demand for urban distribution increases the number of transportation vehicles which intensifies the congestion of urban traffic and leads to a lot of carbon emissions. This paper focuses on carbon emission reduction in urban distribution, taking perishable foods as the object. It carries out optimization analysis of urban distribution routes to explore the impact of low carbon policy on urban distribution routes planning. On the basis of analysis of the cost components and corresponding constraints of urban distribution, two optimization models of urban distribution routes with and without carbon emissions cost are constructed. Fuel quantity related to cost and carbon emissions in the model is calculated based on traffic speed, vehicle fuel quantity and passable time period of distribution. Then an improved algorithm which combines genetic algorithm and tabu search algorithm is designed to solve models. Moreover, an analysis of the influence of carbon tax price is also carried out. It is concluded that in the process of urban distribution based on the actual network information, path optimization considering the low carbon factor can effectively reduce the distribution process of CO2, and reduce the total cost of the enterprise and society, thus achieving greater social benefits at a lower cost. In addition, the government can encourage low-carbon distribution by rationally adjusting the price of carbon tax to achieve a higher social benefit.

scholarly journals Supply Chain Investment in Carbon Emission-Reducing Technology Based on Stochasticity and Low-Carbon Preferences

Complexity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Shan Yu ◽  
Qiang Hou
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Emission Reduction ◽  
Carbon Emission ◽  
Equilibrium Strategy ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Carbon Emission Reduction ◽  
Dynamic Perspective ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Due to excessive greenhouse gas emissions, carbon emission-reducing measures are urgently needed. Important emission-reduction measures mainly include carbon trading and low-carbon cost subsidies. Comprehensive consideration of these two policies is a research hotspot in the field of low-carbon technology investment. Based on this background, this paper considers the impact of consumer low-carbon preferences on market demand and the impact of uncertainty in carbon emission-reduction behaviour. We construct a stochastic differential game model with upstream and downstream enterprises based on cost-sharing coordination under a cost subsidy. From a dynamic perspective, this paper researches the optimal equilibrium strategy and evolution characteristics of the joint emission-reduction mechanism in a supply chain. This paper discusses the sensitivity of the parameters and uses numerical simulation to verify the impact of each parameter on the emission-reduction decision-making activities of stakeholders after introducing the cost subsidy. The results show that a cost subsidy policy can promote carbon emission-reduction investment and supply chain profit. Thus, it is important to strengthen technical cooperation and exchange among enterprises.

scholarly journals Determination the influence of road factors on the occurrence of traffic accidents with dead pedestrians on the territory of Belgrade by independent estimates

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Nenad Markovic ◽  
Dalibor Pešić ◽  
Mladen Kovač ◽  
Emir Smailović
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
Vulnerable Road Users ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Independent Assessment

The world is paying more and more attention to the safety of vulnerable road users, and especially the safety of pedestrians. The reason for that is the large representation of vulnerable participants in the total number of victims in traffic accidents. Belgrade stood out as especially unsafe for pedestrians, because their endangerment is higher than the world average, but also higher than in the rest of Serbia. In order to increase the safety of pedestrians, appropriate management measures are applied, which are, as a rule, based on the recognized influencing factors of the occurrence of these accidents. For that reason, it is extremely important to define the real influencing factors in the right way. One of the best tools for recognizing the impact of road factors is the independent assessment of the impact of the road on accidents, which the road manager, according to the Law, is obliged to conduct in the event of a traffic accident with fatalities. The paper analyzes 59 traffic accidents with dead pedestrians, which occurred in the period from 15.05.2019. to 06/02/2021 years on the territory of the city of Belgrade and for which an independent assessment of the impact of the road was conducted. The results indicate that the road factor had an impact on the occurrence of more than half of the traffic accidents with dead pedestrians. Also, the results indicate the existence of a number of different influencing factors, which indicates the need for further implementation of these analyzes. The paper presents characteristic examples of the most commonly identified influencing factors.

scholarly journals The Impact of Road Maintenance Substances on Metals Surface Corrosion

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 92-96
Author(s):  
Jolita Petkuvienė ◽  
Dainius Paliulis
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Metal Surface ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
Metallic Elements ◽  
The Road ◽  
Surface Corrosion ◽  
Road Pavement ◽  
Deicing Salts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil And Water

The purpose of research is to assess changes in the visual metal surface due to the exposure of road maintenance salts and molasses (‘Safecote’). Chlorides of deicing salts (NaCl, CaCl2) are the main agents affecting soil and water resources as well as causing the corrosion of roadside metallic elements. Molasses (‘Safecote’) is offered as an alternative to deice road pavement by minimizing the corrosion of metal elements near the road. A laboratory experiment was carried out to immerse and spray metals with NaCl, CaCl2, NaCl:CaCl2 and NaCl:Safecote solutions. The obtained results showed that NaCl:Safecote solution had the lowest coating with corrosion products (the average 17±4 % of the surface). The solutions of NaCl, CaCl2 and NaCl:CaCl2 had the highest percentage rate of the corrosion product on the metal surface reaching an average of 33±5 %.

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