Optimized Enzymatic Production of Waste Oil to Biodiesel

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 284-289
Author(s):  
Xue Lin Zhang ◽  
Jun Jun Li ◽  
Xiang Hua Tang ◽  
Zhen Rong Xie ◽  
Zun Xi Huang
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Experimental Designs ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Reaction Parameters ◽  
Enzymatic Production ◽  
Oil Water

This study employed statistically based on experimental designs to optimize transesterification conditions for biodiesel production from waste oil via lipase-catalyzed in homoeothermy. Optimization of different reaction parameters were done by using response surface methodology. Results indicated optimum conditions including: alcohol to oil molar ratio 3:1, lipase concentration 58.38 U each gram of oil, water and n-hexane content were 24.59% and 13.28% respectively, reaction temperature at 20 °C , and reaction time for 24 h. Under these optimal conditions, 98.24% yield of biodiesel was obtained. This study will probably contribute to the development of continuous enzymatic processes, and maybe a suitable method for industrial production of biodiesel.

Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Jatropha Oil

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 62-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldo Okullo ◽  
A.K. Temu ◽  
J.W. Ntalikwa ◽  
P. Ogwok
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Jatropha Oil ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Catalyst Amount ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Yield And Purity

The most important factors that influence biodiesel production are temperature, molar ratio, catalyst amount, time and degree of agitation. This study investigated the effects of temperature, molar ratio and degree of agitation and their interactions on the yield and purity of biodiesel produced from Jatropha oil. Factorial design and response surface methodology (RSM) were used to predict yield and purity of biodiesel as functions of the three variables. Interactions of all the factors were found to be significant on both yield and purity responses. Temperature and molar ratio main effects were found to be significant on the yield whereas only temperature main effect was significant on the purity of the biodiesel. The optimum conditions of operations were; temperature of 54 oC, molar ratio of methanol to oil of 6:1 and stirring speed of 660 rpm. Using these conditions, biodiesel yield of 95% (wt) was obtained with a purity of 97%. This model can be used to predict the yield and purity of biodiesel from jatropha oil within the ranges of temperature (30 – 60oC), stirring rate (300 -900 rpm), and molar ratio (3 – 9 mol/mol) studied.

scholarly journals Silica Nanoflowers-Stabilized Pickering Emulsion as a Robust Biocatalysis Platform for Enzymatic Production of Biodiesel

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihui Wang ◽  
Xinlong Liu ◽  
Yanjun Jiang ◽  
Peng Liu ◽  
Liya Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pickering Emulsion ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Candida Antarctica Lipase ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Enzymatic Production ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Experimental Yield ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Better Than

Enzymatic production of biodiesel had attracted much attention due to its high efficiency, mild conditions and environmental protection. However, the high cost of enzyme, poor solubility of methanol in oil and adsorption of glycerol onto the enzyme limited the popularization of the process. To address these problems, we developed a silica nanoflowers-stabilized Pickering emulsion as a biocatalysis platform with Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) as model lipase for biodiesel production. Silica nanoflowers (SNFs) were synthesized in microemulsion and served as a carrier for CALB immobilization and then used as an emulsifier for constructing Pickering emulsion. The structure of SNFs and the biocatalytic Pickering emulsion (CALB@SNFs-PE) were characterized in detail. Experimental data about the methanolysis of waste oil to biodiesel was evaluated by response surface methodology. The highest experimental yield of 98.5 ± 0.5% was obtained under the optimized conditions: methanol/oil ratio of 2.63:1, a temperature of 45.97 °C, CALB@SNFs dosage of 33.24 mg and time of 8.11 h, which was closed to the predicted value (100.00%). Reusability test showed that CALB@SNFs-PE could retain 76.68% of its initial biodiesel yield after 15 cycles, which was better than that of free CALB and N435.

scholarly journals Production of Biodiesel from Waste Vegetable Oil via KM Micromixer

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Elkady ◽  
Ahmed Zaatout ◽  
Ola Balbaa
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Catalyst Concentration ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Waste Vegetable Oil ◽  
Ft Ir

The production of biodiesel from waste vegetable oils through its pretreatment followed by transesterification process in presence of methanol was investigated using a KM micromixer reactor. The parameters affecting biodiesel production process such as alcohol to oil molar ratio, catalyst concentration, the presence of tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a cosolvent, and the volumetric flow rates of inlet fluids were optimized. The properties of the produced biodiesel were compared with its parent waste oil through different characterization techniques. The presence of methyl ester groups at the produced biodiesel was confirmed using both the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Moreover, the thermal analysis of the produced biodiesel and the comparable waste oil indicated that the product after the transesterification process began to vaporize at 120°C which makes it lighter than its parent oil which started to vaporize at around 300°C. The maximum biodiesel production yield of 97% was recorded using 12 : 1 methanol to oil molar ratio in presence of both 1% NaOH and THF/methanol volume ratio 0.3 at 60 mL/h flow rate.

Optimization of melon oil methyl ester production using response surface methodology

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. S. Aliozo ◽  
L. N. Emembolu ◽  
O. D. Onukwuli
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Central Composite Designs ◽  
American Society

Abstract In this research work, melon oil was used as feedstock for methyl ester production. The research was aimed at optimizing the reaction conditions for methyl ester yield from the oil. Response surface methodology (RSM), based on a five level, four variable central composite designs (CCD)was used to optimize and statistically analyze the interaction effect of the process parameter during the biodiesel production processes. A total of 30 experiments were conducted to study the effect of methanol to oil molar ratio, catalyst weight, temperature and reaction time. The optimal yield of biodiesel from melon oil was found to be 94.9% under the following reaction conditions: catalyst weight - 0.8%, methanol to oil molar ratio - 6:1, temperature - 55°C and reaction time of 60mins. The quality of methyl ester produced at these conditions was within the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM D6751) specification.

scholarly journals Response Surface Methodology for Biodiesel Production Using Calcium Methoxide Catalyst Assisted with Tetrahydrofuran as Cosolvent

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nichaonn Chumuang ◽  
Vittaya Punsuvon
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Catalyst Concentration ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Standard Requirement

The present study was performed to optimize a heterogeneous calcium methoxide (Ca(OCH3)2) catalyzed transesterification process assisted with tetrahydrofuran (THF) as a cosolvent for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil. Response surface methodology (RSM) with a 5-level-4-factor central composite design was applied to investigate the effect of experimental factors on the percentage of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) conversion. A quadratic model with an analysis of variance obtained from the RSM is suggested for the prediction of FAME conversion and reveals that 99.43% of the observed variation is explained by the model. The optimum conditions obtained from the RSM were 2.83 wt% of catalyst concentration, 11.6 : 1 methanol-to-oil molar ratio, 100.14 min of reaction time, and 8.65% v/v of THF in methanol concentration. Under these conditions, the properties of the produced biodiesel satisfied the standard requirement. THF as cosolvent successfully decreased the catalyst concentration, methanol-to-oil molar ratio, and reaction time when compared with biodiesel production without cosolvent. The results are encouraging for the application of Ca(OCH3)2 assisted with THF as a cosolvent for environmentally friendly and sustainable biodiesel production.

Biodiesel Production Over Arenesulfonic Acid-Modified Mesostructured Catalysts: Optimization of Reaction Parameters Using Response Surface Methodology

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 795-804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan A. Melero ◽  
L. Fernando Bautista ◽  
Jose Iglesias ◽  
Gabriel Morales ◽  
Rebeca Sánchez-Vázquez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Reaction Parameters ◽  
Arenesulfonic Acid

Optimization of Esterification and Transesterification Reactions for Biodiesel Production from Crude Coconut Oil Using RSM Techniques

2016 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 610-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natta Pimngern ◽  
Vittaya Punsuvon
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Model Equations

Crude coconut oil with high free fatty acid (FFA) content was used as a raw material to produce biodiesel. In this work, the esterification followed by transesterification of crude coconut oil with methanol is studied. The response surface methodology (RSM) with 5-level-3-factor central composite design (CCD) was applied to study the effect of different factors on the FFA content of esterification and the percentage of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) conversion of transesterification. The FAME conversion was detected by proton magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectrometer. As a result, the optimum conditions for esterification were 6:1 of methanol-to-oil molar ratio, 0.75wt% of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) concentration and 90 min of reaction time. The optimum conditions for transesterification were 8.23:1 of methanol-to-oil molar ratio, 0.75wt% of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration and 80 min of reaction time. Quadratic model equations were obtained describing the relationships between dependents and independent variables to minimize the FFA content and maximize the FAME conversion. Fuel properties of the crude coconut oil biodiesel were also examined followed ASTM and EN standards. The results showed that all properties met well with both standards.

scholarly journals Optimization of Biodiesel Production Using Nanomagnetic CaO-Based Catalysts with Subcritical Methanol Transesterification of Rubber Seed Oil

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Winoto ◽  
Nuttawan Yoswathana
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Rubber Seed Oil ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Rubber Seed

The molar ratio of methanol to rubber seed oil (RSO), catalyst loading, and the reaction time of RSO biodiesel production were optimized in this work. The response surface methodology, using the Box–Behnken design, was analyzed to determine the optimum fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield. The performance of various nanomagnetic CaO-based catalysts—KF/CaO-Fe3O4, KF/CaO-Fe3O4-Li (Li additives), and KF/CaO-Fe3O4-Al (Al additives)—were compared. Rubber seed biodiesel was produced via the transesterification process under subcritical methanol conditions with nanomagnetic catalysts. The experimental results indicated that the KF/CaO-Fe3O4-Al nanomagnetic catalyst produced the highest FAME yield of 86.79%. The optimum conditions were a 28:1 molar ratio of methanol to RSO, 1.5 wt % catalyst, and 49 min reaction time. Al additives of KF/CaO-Fe3O4 nanomagnetic catalyst enhanced FAME yield without Al up to 18.17% and shortened the reaction time by up to 11 min.

scholarly journals Optimisation of Second-Generation Biodiesel Production from Australian Native Stone Fruit Oil Using Response Surface Method

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Anwar ◽  
Mohammad Rasul ◽  
Nanjappa Ashwath ◽  
Md Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Catalyst Concentration ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Stone Fruit ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Contour Plots

In this study, the production process of second-generation biodiesel from Australian native stone fruit have been optimised using response surface methodology via an alkali catalysed transesterification process. This process optimisation was performed varying three factors, each at three different levels. Methanol: oil molar ratio, catalyst concentration (wt %) and reaction temperature were the input factors in the optimisation process, while biodiesel yield was the key model output. Both 3D surface plots and 2D contour plots were developed using MINITAB 18 to predict optimum biodiesel yield. Gas chromatography (GC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis of the resulting biodiesel was also done for biodiesel characterisation. To predict biodiesel yield a quadratic model was created and it showed an R2 of 0.98 indicating the satisfactory performance of the model. Maximum biodiesel yield of 95.8% was obtained at a methanol: oil molar ratio of 6:1, KOH catalyst concentration of 0.5 wt % and a reaction temperature of 55 °C. At these reaction conditions, the predicted biodiesel yield was 95.9%. These results demonstrate reliable prediction of the transesterification process by Response surface methodology (RSM). The results also show that the properties of the synthesised Australian native stone fruit biodiesel satisfactorily meet the ASTM D6751 and EN14214 standards. In addition, the fuel properties of Australian native stone fruit biodiesel were found to be similar to those of conventional diesel fuel. Thus, it can be said that Australian native stone fruit seed oil could be used as a potential second-generation biodiesel source as well as an alternative fuel in diesel engines.

Optimization of Enzyme Assisted Extraction Technology of Flavonoids from Seabuckthorn Fruit Peel Marc

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 1826-1830
Author(s):  
Yan Jiao ◽  
Ying Chang ◽  
Shi Feng Yu ◽  
Xiao Hong Sun ◽  
Chun Li Song
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Enzyme Dosage ◽  
Enzyme Assisted Extraction

Enzyme assisted extraction of flavonoids from seabuckthorn fruit peel marc was studied by response surface methodology(RSM), using a Box-Behnken experimental design. A mathematical polynomial model was proposed with regard to investigate the effect of cellulase dosage (x1), enzymolysis temperature (x2), and pH value (x3)to the flavonoids yields. These factors were further optimized using RSM. The optimal conditions were: cellulase enzyme dosage was at 73.3IU/g, temperatur was at 53.7°C and the pH was at 4.14. Under the optimum conditions, gave rise to the highest flavonoids yields, approaching 8.02 mg/g of flavonoids yields.

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