Biosorption of Mn(II) by Immobilizing Dominant Bacteria on the Surface of Chitosan Cross-Linked GAC Beads

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 793-796
Author(s):  
Yu Nan Gao ◽  
Rong Xin Zhang ◽  
Xiang Yu Tang ◽  
Xin Fu ◽  
Peng Cong
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Static Test ◽  
Dominant Bacteria

A static test was applied to study the biosorption of Mn (II) by immobilized dominant bacteria on the surface of chitosan cross-linked GAC(CCG) beads. The Citrobacter sp. was selected from the source water of the Shenyang first water treatment plant. Citrobacter sp. was immobilized on the surface of chitosan cross-linked GAC beads successfully. Langmuir models were applied to describe the isotherms. The Mn (II) removal rate was evaluated by the different dose rate and different contact time of the CCG beads. Results showed the dominant bacteria immobilized on chitosan cross-linked GAC beads were favourable adsorbers.

scholarly journals Effects of pre-ozonation and chemical coagulation on the removal of turbidity, color, TOC, and chlorophyll a from drinking water

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahman Masoomi ◽  
Neamatollah Jaafarzadeh ◽  
Tayebeh Tabatabaie ◽  
Esmaeil Kouhgardi ◽  
Sahand Jorfi
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Alkaline Ph

Background: Ozone can be used as a single technology or in combination with other processes to improve the coagulation- flocculation or biodegradability in order to remove pollutants in natural water treatment. Methods: In this study, the effects of pre-ozonation with coagulant substances on the quality parameters of drinking water were investigated using humic acid, kaolin, clay, and green algae in a pilot scale. This study was conducted under laboratory conditions (at both acidic and alkaline pH in different dosages of ozone and coagulant at ozone contact time with simulated water sample (5-20 minutes) in different scenarios). Results: The highest removal efficiency of parameters in the state of pre-ozonation alone and preozonation with a coagulant was observed at contact time of 20 minutes, ozone dosage of 5 g/h, coagulant dosage of 25 mg/L, at alkaline pH along with a decrease in temperature. So that, the average removal rate of turbidity, total organic carbon (TOC), color, and chlorophyll a in contact time of 20 minutes was 76.9%, 52.8%, 66.6%, and 85%, respectively. However, compared to ozonation under similar conditions, the reduction in turbidity, TOC, color, and chlorophyll a was 36.13%, 24.4%, 32.13%, and 79.6%, respectively. Also, it was revealed that pre-ozonation with coagulant could effectively improve the removal of parameters. Conclusion: However, since pre-ozonation can be effectively used to improve the coagulation efficacy in the drinking water treatment, the pre-ozonation combined with coagulation is proposed as an alternative to conventional coagulation to improve the process of drinking water treatment plant.

scholarly journals Nitrogen-metabolising Microorganism Analysis in Rapid Sand Filters From Drinking Water Treatment Plant by Culturing and Metagenomics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qihui Gu ◽  
Jun Ma ◽  
Jumei Zhang ◽  
Weipeng Guo ◽  
Huiqing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Metabolic Model ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
N Removal

Abstract Sand filter (SFs) are common treatment processes for nitrogen pollutants removal in drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs). However, the mechanisms on the nitrogen-cycling role of SFs are still unclear. In this study, 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was used to characterise the diversity and composition of the bacterial community in SFs from DWTPs. Additionally, metagenomics approach was used to determine the functional microorganisms involved in nitrogen cycle in SFs. Our results showed that Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Nitrospirae, and Chloroflexi dominated in SFs. Subsequently, 85 high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) were retrieved from metagenome datasets of selected SFs involving nitrification, assimilatory nitrogen reduction, and denitrification processes. Read mapping to reference genomes of Nitrospira and the phylogenetic tree of the ammonia monooxygenase subunit A gene, amoA, suggested that Nitrospira is abundantly found in SFs. Furthermore, according to their genetic content, a nitrogen metabolic model in SFs was proposed using representative MAGs and pure culture isolates. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) showed that ammonia-oxidising bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA), and complete ammonia oxidisers (comammox) were ubiquitous in the SFs, with the abundance of comammox being higher than that of AOA and AOB. Moreover, we identified a bacterial strain with a high NO3-N removal rate as Pseudomonas sp., which could be applied in the bioremediation of micro-polluted drinking water sources. Our study provides insights into functional nitrogen-metabolising microbes in SFs of DWTPs.

scholarly journals N-Nitrosodimethylamine Formation from Treatment of Seasonally and Spatially Varying Source Water

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2019
Author(s):  
Maxwell C. Meadows ◽  
Soni M. Pradhanang ◽  
Takahiro Fujioka ◽  
Hitoshi Kodamatani ◽  
Menu B. Leddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Spatially Varying

N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is a disinfection by-product (DBP) that has been classified as a probable human carcinogen in multiple risk assessments. NDMA presence in drinking water is widespread and dependent on source water, disinfectant type, precursors, and water treatment strategies. The objectives of this study were to investigate NDMA formation potential in a modeled monochloramine water treatment plant (WTP) fed by seasonally and spatially varying source water; and to optimize DBP precursor removal by combining conventional and additional treatment techniques. After NDMA analysis, it was found that NDMA formation was significantly dependent on source water type and monochloramine contact time (CT); e.g., at 24 h CT, Cork Brook produced 12.2 ng/L NDMA and Bailey Brook produced 4.2 ng/L NDMA, compared with 72 h CT, Cork Brook produced 4.1 ng/L NDMA and Bailey Brook produced 3.4 ng/L NDMA. No correlations were found between traditional DBP precursors such as total organic carbon and total nitrogen, and the formation of NDMA. The laboratory bench-top treatment system was highly effective at removing traditional DBP precursors, highlighting the need for WTPs to alter their current treatment methods to best accommodate the complex system of DBP control.

Specific Fluorescent Fingerprint of Organic Matter in Advanced Water Treatment and its Molecular Weight

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 317-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wen Cao ◽  
Shao Wei Liao ◽  
Chung Yi Chung ◽  
Hwa Sheng Gau ◽  
Chun Yen Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Excitation Wavelength ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Fluorescent Intensity ◽  
Treated Water

In this research, the UV absorbance values of wavelength at 210 and 254 nm, excitation emission fluorescent matrix were measured for source water and treated water in CCL (Cheng Ching Lake) water treatment plant during five months. The whole data produced from EEFM was analyzed by PARAFAC operated in MATLAB software. The variation of molecular weight for organic matter was measured by HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) with UV and fluorescent detectors. Observed from the variation of UV210/UV254, high value in treated water compared with source water was found. More molecular weight less than 5 k Da was formed in the treated water with relative to source water. Also, both major components in source water were located at wavelengths of excitation/emission of 250/410 nm and 230/330 nm and those in treated water were 240/410 nm and 220/290 nm. Also, the fluorescent intensity, long excitation wavelength was higher than short excitation wavelength in source water. This phenomena was opposite with treated water.

Isolation of Novel Iron-Oxidizing Bacteria from an Acid Mine Water Treatment Plant

2009 ◽  
Vol 71-73 ◽  
pp. 125-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Hedrich ◽  
Elke Heinzel ◽  
Jana Seifert ◽  
Michael Schlömann
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Mine Water ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Acid Mine Water ◽  
Iron Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Mine Water Treatment ◽  
Culture Independent ◽  
Dominant Bacteria

The capacity of a microbiological mine water treatment plant may to be enhanced by understanding the microbiological processes. Therefore different samples from the pilot plant were analyzed by culture-independent and cultivation methods. Dominant bacteria could be isolated on overlay plates or enriched in gradient cultures. To immobilize biomass in the pilot plant, various carrier materials were tested. Sessil, the material currently used in the pilot plant, was the most favored and appropriate material.

scholarly journals Adsorption Combined Phytoremediation System for Treatment of Laundry Wastewater

2019 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 05002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eko Siswoyo ◽  
Andiny Widya Utari ◽  
Lisa Gustia Norma Mungkari
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Environmental Technology ◽  
Near Future

Laundry activities grow rapidly in Indonesia in the recent year, remaining the problem of environmental pollution because of the use of detergent. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the ability of sludge of drinking water treatment plant (DWTP) as adsorbent combined with phytoremediation system to remove chemical oxygen demand (COD), phosphate and surfactant in laundry wastewater. Batch and continuous blow studies were conducted on different variables such as adsorbent mass, contact time, and type of plant for phytoremediation system. The results of the current study show that adsorption combined phytoremediation system could remove COD, phosphate, and surfactant up to 77.5%, 54.3%, and 99.9%, respectively. Based on the results, it means that the adsorption combined phytoremediation system could be considered as an appropriate environmental technology for laundry wastewater treatment in the near future.

scholarly journals Application of Enhanced BAC Process for Improving Drinking Water Treatment Efficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 298-307
Author(s):  
Heejong Son ◽  
Eun-Young Jung ◽  
Hoon-Sik Yoom ◽  
Sang-Goo Kim ◽  
Sung Kyu Maeng
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
The Nakdong River

Objectives:In this study, we compared the properties of the attached biofilm with the ability to remove biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) in the conventional BAC (biologically activated carbon) process and the enhanced BAC process with phosphorus and hydrogen peroxide added. The enhanced BAC process was designed to increase the operational efficiency of the old O<sub>3</sub>/BAC process by evaluating the applicability of large-scale water treatment facilities located downstream of the Nakdong River.Methods:The granular activated carbon which was used for 2 years in the O<sub>3</sub>/BAC process in the water treatment plant located downstream of the Nakdong River was used in this experiment. During the experiment period, the ozone dosage was fixed at 1 mg･O<sub>3</sub>/mg･DOC. Four acrylic columns with an inner diameter of 20 cm and a height of 250 cm were prepared. Empty bed contact time (EBCT) was fixed at 20 minutes and backwash was performed once a week. The four BAC columns are conventional BAC (control-BAC), enhanced BAC with hydrogen peroxide (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>+BAC), enhanced BAC with phosphorus (PO<sub>4</sub>-P+BAC), and enhanced BAC with phosphorus and hydrogen peroxide together (PO<sub>4</sub>-P+H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>+BAC). In the case of enhanced BAC with PO<sub>4</sub>-P added, PO<sub>4</sub>-P was added with a concentration of 0.010 mg/L in the influent, and in BAC with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> was added with a concentration of 1 mg/L to the influent.Results and Discussion:As a result of evaluating the recovery ability of the damaged biofilm, there was no difference in the biomass recovery rate in the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>+BAC compared to the control-BAC, but the biomass was rapidly recovered in the PO<sub>4</sub>-P+BAC. Considered the biomass and activity of the attached biofilm after the ability to remove organic substances reached a steady state, the biomass and activity in the entire filter layer of the PO<sub>4</sub>-P+BAC increased by 20 to 86% and 7 to 14%, respectively, compared to the control-BAC. In the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>+BAC, only the activity increased by 3~11% and In the PO<sub>4</sub>-P+H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>+BAC, biomass and activity were high, about 27 to 87% and 8 to 20%, respectively. In the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>+BAC, the BDOC removal rate was higher than the control-BAC by 20%, and in the PO<sub>4</sub>-P+BAC, the BDOC removal rate increased by more than 100%. Detached total cell counts (TCC) in the control-BAC effluent was 41.7×10<sup>6</sup> cells/mL on average, and in the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>+BAC, TCC was reduced by 49% compared to control-BAC and decreased by 67% and 85% in the PO<sub>4</sub>-P+BAC and the PO<sub>4</sub>-P+H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>+BAC effluent. It means the biofilm of the enhanced BAC process was evaluated more stably than control-BAC.Conclusions:The biomass and the activity of the attached biofilm in the BAC process, are one of the important factors that determine the ability to remove contaminants. The enhanced BAC process combined PO<sub>4</sub>-P with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> was very effective in enhancing the biomass and the activity of the attached biofilm. The PO<sub>4</sub>-P added enhanced BAC was more effective in terms of biomass, BDOC removal rate, and biofilm stability than the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> added enhanced BAC. The enhanced BAC combined PO<sub>4</sub>-P with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> showed a slight increase additional efficiency compared to the PO<sub>4</sub>-P added BAC.

scholarly journals Nitrosamines: A review of formation pathways, precursors, control, and occurrence in drinking water

2019 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 05003
Author(s):  
Maxwell Meadows ◽  
Soni M. Pradhanang ◽  
Thomas B. Boving ◽  
Hichem Hadjeres
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Formation Potential ◽  
Nitrogen Containing Compounds ◽  
By Products

Nitrogenous disinfection by-products (N-DBPs) are emerging by-products that may be present in drinking water as by-products of water treatment plant (WTP) operations. Nitrosamines are N-DBPs that form by reaction of chloramine with certain organic nitrogen-containing compounds; however, the exact processes and environments in which nitrosamines form are still not well understood. Organic nitrogen precursors react within the WTP and distribution system, forming the toxic by-products during chloramination, or while in distribution. To best control the formation potential of nitrosamines, precursors must be removed from source water prior to chloramine disinfection. These nitrosamine forming precursors are abundant in source waters worldwide, presenting a need for further study of the mechanisms that reduce the formation potential of nitrosamines in chloramination WTPs.

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