Comparison of Four Structural Schemes for the Roof Design of Qinyang Stadium

Basing on the practical engineering of elliptic paraboloid roof structural design in Qinyang Stadium, four structural schemes such as suspend-dome, single-layer latticed shell, double-layer latticed shell and rigid suspend-dome, are calculated and designed respectively. After satisfying the requirements of strength, stiffness and stability, the quantity of steel is compared. The advantages and disadvantages on mechanical performance, construction and cost of four schemes are discussed. Results of comparison provide the accordance for the final decision of structural schemes of Qinyang Stadium and can be referenced by other similar practical engineers.

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Study on the Overall Stability of Single-Layer Spherical Latticed Shell Structures and Its Applications in Engineering

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.163-167.137 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 163-167 ◽

pp. 137-142

Author(s):

Fan Wang ◽

Zhi Gang Zhang ◽

Min Luo

Keyword(s):

Structural Design ◽

Research Result ◽

Joint Stiffness ◽

Single Layer ◽

Shell Structures ◽

Joint Structure ◽

Overall Stability ◽

Practical Engineering ◽

Joint Rigidity ◽

Steel Joints

This paper focuses on the research of stability capacity of shells with openings, the judgment of joint rigidity and the influence of joint rigidity on stability capacity of shell structure. The research result showed that it should give priority to use ribbed-Schwedler shells for the shells with large openings. Currently, there is no clear standard for judging joint rigidity, this paper presents a way to identify the steel joints stiffness. In the structural design of Chang'an stadium, according to the joint structure, it is proved to be hinged node by analyzing the joint stiffness. Buckling analysis results show that: single-layer shell with hinged nodes also has good stability. The result of the research has a certain value to practical engineering design.

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Structural Design and Analysis of the Toroidal Heliostat

Journal of Solar Energy Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.4002347 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 132 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Chuncheng Zang ◽

Zhifeng Wang ◽

Wenfeng Liang ◽

Xiaoyu Wang

Keyword(s):

Structural Design ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Great Influence ◽

The Sun ◽

Optical Performance ◽

The Finite Element Method ◽

Advantages And Disadvantages ◽

Property Evaluation ◽

Solar Power Tower ◽

The Cost

Heliostat is an important component in the solar power tower station because its cost, optical performance, and mechanical performance have great influence on the overall property evaluation of the station. The T-shape heliostat tracking the sun in the azimuth-elevation mode has been commonly developed and successfully applied in many stations. In recent years, some researchers have developed spinning-elevation heliostats and have analyzed their optical performance. In this paper, the structure of a 16 m2 toroidal heliostat tracking the sun in the spinning-elevation mode is designed, and the mechanical performance of the structure under wind load is analyzed by means of the finite element method. The trends of force, moments, and vibration modes with the change in elevation have been presented, and the classic status is analyzed in detail when their maximum values occur. Furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of a toroidal heliostat in reducing the cost are discussed compared with those of a traditional T-shape heliostat.

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Two subdivision methods based on the regular octahedron for single- and double-layer spherical geodesic domes

International Journal of Space Structures ◽

10.1177/0956059920956944 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 160-173

Author(s):

Dominika Pilarska

Keyword(s):

Double Layer ◽

Geometric Analysis ◽

Single Layer ◽

Geometric Parameters ◽

Final Decision ◽

Regular Octahedron ◽

Space Frames ◽

Geodesic Domes ◽

Number Of Faces ◽

Spherical Triangles

The paper presents the topological–geometric analysis of a selected number of space frames configurations for geodesic domes which are generated from the regular octahedron. Two subdivision methods for spherical triangles, proposed by Fuliński, were used to create two families of structures. The first family consists of six single-layer and six double-layer geodesic domes shaped on the basis of the first method of subdivision, while the second family contains six single-layer and six double-layer geodesic domes shaped on the basis of the second method of subdivision. The calculated results of the geometric parameters of the analyzed structures were used to create original formulas that allow for more advanced structures to be achieved, that is, with a larger number of nodes and struts. The geometric results were also used to create nomograms showing the range of struts of the same length for double-layer geodesic domes. In both single-layer and double-layer domes, the number of groups of struts of equal lengths and the number of faces with different areas are smaller for structures created according to the first method of subdivision. The comparison of the resulting element quantities of two methods shows that the largest differences appear between the domes with a larger number of struts (up to 67%). Here, the analysis might help the designer reach a final decision on the better choice of topology, in particular, when this aspect is combined with other design goals, such as efficiency, economy, utility, and elegance in the design of the structure and the cover of large areas.

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Study on the Key Technology of Membrane Roof Structure of Expo Axis in 2010 Shanghai World Expo

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.750-752.1949 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 750-752 ◽

pp. 1949-1953

Author(s):

Hao Song ◽

Hong Bo Zhu

Keyword(s):

Double Layer ◽

Membrane Structure ◽

Large Scale ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Single Layer ◽

Material Strength ◽

Membrane Unit ◽

Key Technology ◽

Roof Structure ◽

Layer Membrane

The large scale cable-membrane structure is widely used in the Expo Axis. The structure is composed of continuous triangle shaped membrane unit. The representative local part of membrane structure is selected to carry out double-layer membrane strength experiment and reduced-scale experiment to test its mechanical performance and strength index during tension. The results show that the bearing capacity of double-layer membrane structure is more than 1.8 times of single-layer membrane. Material strength and joint strength are all in agreement with the design. Through the analysis of membrane shape decision and membrane processing key technology, it is concluded that form-finding must be considered in membrane self-weight, and the reinforcement membrane and ontology membrane should be at the same direction.

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Dimensional, Mechanical and LCA Characterization of Terrazzo Tiles along with Glass and Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW)

10.21926/rpm.2101006 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Paola Stabile ◽

Francesco Radica ◽

Luigi Ranza ◽

Michael R. Carroll ◽

Carlo Santulli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Double Layer ◽

Mechanical Performance ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Central Italy ◽

Single Layer ◽

Resource Depletion ◽

Construction And Demolition Waste ◽

Demolition Waste ◽

Aesthetic Aspect

In this work, two types of wastes were introduced, namely, glass from municipal waste and Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW). The latter, which was obtained from rubble generated by the seismic events occurred in Central Italy in 2016, was introduced in two configurations, the single-layer and the double-layer of the cement-based Terrazzo tiles. A maximum of 77% of waste introduction was proven to be possible, therefore creating the possibility of obtaining construction products including high quantities of secondary raw materials, coupled with a valuable aesthetic aspect. The tiles represent a novel CDW upcycling application and follow the EU recommendations to improve the circular economy in the building sector. In particular, the products obtained showed dimensional conformity in the specifications and mechanical performance in the case of double-layer tiles as required by the envisaged use in the flooring (EN 13748-1). A life cycle analysis (LCA) clarified the possible advantages in terms of reduced resource depletion (RD) and global warming potential (GWP). The evaluation at the aggregate/glass matrix interface indicated good performance of the tiles, demonstrating the readiness for industrial production and market introduction.

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Cracking at the fold in double layer coated paper: the influence of latex and starch composition

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj18.2.93 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 93-99

Author(s):

SEYYED MOHAMMAD HASHEMI NAJAFI ◽

DOUGLAS BOUSFIELD, ◽

MEHDI TAJVIDI

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Double Layer ◽

Starch Content ◽

Single Layer ◽

Double Layers ◽

Coated Paper ◽

Coated Papers ◽

Coating Layers ◽

Scanned Images ◽

Packaging Paper

Cracking at the fold of publication and packaging paper grades is a serious problem that can lead to rejection of product. Recent work has revealed some basic mechanisms and the influence of various parameters on the extent of crack area, but no studies are reported using coating layers with known mechanical properties, especially for double-coated systems. In this study, coating layers with different and known mechanical properties were used to characterize crack formation during folding. The coating formulations were applied on two different basis weight papers, and the coated papers were folded. The binder systems in these formulations were different combinations of a styrene-butadiene latex and mixtures of latex and starch for two different pigment volume concentrations (PVC). Both types of papers were coated with single and double layers. The folded area was scanned with a high-resolution scanner while the samples were kept at their folded angle. The scanned images were analyzed within a constant area. The crack areas were reported for different types of papers, binder system and PVC values. As PVC, starch content, and paper basis weight increased, the crack area increased. Double layer coated papers with high PVC and high starch content at the top layer had more cracks in comparison with a single layer coated paper, but when the PVC of the top layer was low, cracking area decreased. No measurable cracking was observed when the top layer was formulated with a 100% latex layer.

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