Effect of Storage Temperature and Storage Duration on Biodiesel Properties and Characteristics

2013 ◽  
Vol 465-466 ◽  
pp. 316-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanis Zakaria ◽  
Amir Khalid ◽  
Mohamad Farid Sies ◽  
Norrizal Mustaffa ◽  
Bukhari Manshoor
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Fuel Composition ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Refinery Process ◽  
And Storage

Biodiesel based on vegetable oils offer the advantage being a sustainable and environmentally attractive alternative to conventional petroleum based fuel. Biodiesel is produced from any fat or oil such as soybean oil, through a refinery process called transesterification. The key issue in using vegetable oil-based fuels is oxidation stability, stoichiometric point, bio-fuel composition, antioxidants on the degradation and much oxygen with comparing to diesel gas oil. Biodiesel can be used as a pure fuel or blended with petroleum in any percentage but the standard storage and handling procedures used for biodiesel are the main issue due to the biodiesel fuel specifications. In the quest for fulfill the industry specifications standard; the fuel should be stored in a clean, dry and dark environment. In this research, three different storage temperature were study which are; low (0 5 °C), ambient, and high (40 50 °C). The key parameters that are required to store biodiesel are discussed, and the recent research advances are noted. Five types of biodiesel after storage all the samples for 2016 hours were tested plus with two product of combustion. Images analysis for combustion process was used to image appearances analysis. Under 2016 hours of storage duration, the effect of degradation was happen although the effect is not significance because the changes are still in acceptable ranges.

Overview Effect of Biodiesel Storage on Properties and Characteristics

2013 ◽  
Vol 465-466 ◽  
pp. 260-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanis Zakaria ◽  
Amir Khalid ◽  
Mohamad Farid Sies ◽  
Norrizal Mustaffa
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Gas Oil ◽  
Storage Method ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Main Factor

Biofuels based on vegetable oils offer the advantage being a sustainable and environmentally attractive alternative to conventional petroleum based fuel. The key issue in using vegetable oil-based fuels is oxidation stability, stoichiometric point, bio-fuel composition, antioxidants on the degradation and much oxygen with comparing to diesel gas oil. This provides a critical review of current understanding of main factor in storage method which affecting the biodiesel properties and characteristics. In the quest for fulfill the industry specifications standard; the fuel should be stored in a clean, dry and dark environment. Water and sediment contamination are basically housekeeping issues for biodiesel. Degradation by oxidation yields products that may compromise fuel properties, impair fuel quality and engine performance. The effect of storage method on the fuel properties and burning process in biodiesel fuel combustion will strongly affects the exhaust emissions.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of Standard Handling and Storage Duration on Fuel Properties, Appearance, Burning Process and Emissions of Biodegradable Alternative Fuel

2015 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 525-529
Author(s):  
Norazwan Azman ◽  
Bukhari Manshoor ◽  
Dahrum Samsudin ◽  
Amir Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Alternative Fuel ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Good Offer ◽  
And Storage

Concern shortage and limited of petroleum, bio-fuels or also known as alternative fuel offer an advantage in order to sustain in long terms and economical. This renewable source is a good offer as an improvement attempt of automobile fuel and burner combustion. The main issue in using biodegradable alternative fuel such as vegetable oil-based fuels is oxidation stability, stoichiometric point, bio-fuel composition, antioxidants on the degradation and much oxygen with comparing to diesel gas oil. Thus, this study investigated the effects of different kind of biodegradable alternative fuel tested at variant in storage ambient condition under different storage duration. These tests were performed on the biodegradable alternative fuel such crude palm oil (CPO), and waste cooking oil (WCO) with different of ambient temperature and variant of blending ratio. The biodegradable fuel samples were stored in clinical compartment, at different temperatures and were monitored at regular interval over a period of 60 days. Blending of biodiesel was varied from 5vol% ~ 15vol% and storage temperature from 5°C~33°C. The effects of ambient temperature and storage duration on properties of biodegradable fuel such as density, kinematics viscosity, acid value, water content and flash point of biodiesel were discussed in detail. Analysis of this study showed that the different storage duration gave a significant effect toward the changes of water content; acid value and viscosity. As a conclusion, a long period of storage would decrease the quality of biodiesel no matter what kind of condition and environment is exposed to.

Effect of sample storage temperature and buffer formulation on faecal immunochemical test haemoglobin measurements

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin L Symonds ◽  
Stephen R Cole ◽  
Dawn Bastin ◽  
Robert JL Fraser ◽  
Graeme P Young
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Test Accuracy ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Faecal Immunochemical Test ◽  
Immunochemical Test ◽  
New Formulation ◽  
And Storage

Objectives Faecal immunochemical test accuracy may be adversely affected when samples are exposed to high temperatures. This study evaluated the effect of two sample collection buffer formulations (OC-Sensor, Eiken) and storage temperatures on faecal haemoglobin readings. Methods Faecal immunochemical test samples returned in a screening programme and with ≥10 µg Hb/g faeces in either the original or new formulation haemoglobin stabilizing buffer were stored in the freezer, refrigerator, or at room temperature (22℃–24℃), and reanalysed after 1–14 days. Samples in the new buffer were also reanalysed after storage at 35℃ and 50℃. Results were expressed as percentage of the initial concentration, and the number of days that levels were maintained to at least 80% was calculated. Results Haemoglobin concentrations were maintained above 80% of their initial concentration with both freezer and refrigerator storage, regardless of buffer formulation or storage duration. Stability at room temperature was significantly better in the new buffer, with haemoglobin remaining above 80% for 20 days compared with six days in the original buffer. Storage at 35℃ or 50℃ in the new buffer maintained haemoglobin above 80% for eight and two days, respectively. Conclusion The new formulation buffer has enhanced haemoglobin stabilizing properties when samples are exposed to temperatures greater than 22℃.

scholarly journals Postharvest quality and storage life of Kuini (Mangifera Odorata Griff) at different storage temperature

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
O. Zaulia ◽  
O. Nur Allisha ◽  
M.A.I. Mohd Shukri ◽  
M.N. Suriani ◽  
W.I. Wan Mahfuzah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Storage Life ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Postharvest Handling ◽  
And Storage

Mangifera Odorata or locally called Kuini, is a mango species with attractive striking orange flesh and have strong and unique smell, make it special in local market. Research is being carried out in MARDI from seed production to marketing to expose M. odorata to local and export market. Postharvest handling technology is one of importance aspect that has been develop to cater the market needs for commercialization. Proper postharvest handling will reduce postharvest losses, maintain freshness and to prolong storage life to make sure consumer get the premium quality of fruit. In postharvest handling, one of most important factors to maintain quality during handling, distribution and display is storage at the optimum temperature. Effect of different storage temperature on quality and storage life of M. odorata var. Tembaga were carried out. M. odorata at 11 to 12 weeks after fruit set were harvest at MARDI Sintok, Kedah and transported to packinghouse MARDI Serdang for storage study. On arrival at MARDI Serdang, fruit were sorted, washed, drain, packed and stored at different storage temperature (8, 10, 13, 15 and 250C). Visual quality assessment (appearance, disease quality changes), physical (texture, colour (Lightness, hue, chroma)) and chemical (pH, total titratable acidity (TTA), ascorbic acid, soluble solid content (SSC)) analysis were carried out weekly. Results of this study showed that storage duration and different storage duration significantly affected SSC. pH, TTA, chroma of M. odorata. The highest TSS, pH and chroma of M. odorata at 100C and the lowest at 250C. The highest TTA of M. odorata at storage temperature 80C and 130C, and the lowest TTA at 250C. Ascorbic acid content not significantly affected by different storage temperature from 8 to 150C, but significant different compare to ascorbic acid content at ambient storage temperature. Ascorbic acid content of M. odorata significantly lower at 250C compare to storage at 8 C - 150C. Lightness and texture of M. odorata slightly decrease during storage but not significant (P>0.05). Lightness of M. Odorata was not significantly affected by different storage temperature. Hue of M. Odorata significantly affected by storage duration and but not affected by different storage temperature. Hue of M. odorata significantly increased in the first weeks of storage, followed by significant decreased at week 2, maintain until week 4 and significantly decreased at week 5. Quality observed visually showed that freshness of M. Odorata maintain 5 weeks at 80C, 4 weeks at 100C, 2 weeks at 10 – 150C and 1 week at 250C.

Pipeline Sludge Sampling for Assessing Internal Corrosion Threat

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfonso Garcia ◽  
Trevor Place ◽  
Michael Holm ◽  
Jennifer Sargent ◽  
Andrew Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Storage Temperature ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Solid Particles ◽  
Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Population Activity ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Internal Corrosion ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Transmission Pipelines

Internal corrosion sometimes occurs under deposits of solid particles on the bottom of transmission pipelines. The solids trap water with soluble products and other nutrients which can support the development of microbial communities and may lead to Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC). Corrosion processes associated with the metabolic activities of specific bacteria have been discussed elsewhere, but the simple presence of large microbial populations may increase the risk of internal corrosion owing to the ability of biofilms to extract and concentrate water at the pipe floor. As a method to monitor the internal corrosion threat in transmission pipelines and recommend mitigating activities for corrosion management, reliable microbial content and corrosion activity correlations are desired. Sludge samples have been obtained from cleaning pigs at the pipe trap and analyzed using Biological Activity Reaction Test (BART™) (or serial dilution test), Dean-Stark analysis, XRD and EDX. These tests provide information about certain bacterial populations, water / solid / hydrocarbon content, and crystalline/elemental composition of these solids, respectively. Despite best efforts, bacterial population/activity of pipeline sludge samples exhibit high variability and are difficult to correlate to actual internal corrosion in a pipeline. Considering that bacterial populations in pipeline sludge may be a meaningful representation of the internal corrosion threat to a transmission pipeline, a more rigorous approach on the sludge sampling procedure is necessary to improve the accuracy and reliability of the bacterial assays. It is also important to control such variables as storage temperature of the samples, exposure to air, and storage duration prior to enumeration — as these may affect the viability of the sample and enumeration results. This report presents historical pipeline sludge analysis data and suggests a method to evaluate data containing high variability. Practical recommendations to reduce data variability through handling and storage of sludge samples are also discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of storage temperature and duration on viability of eggs of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.K. Dhillon ◽  
H.C. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractThe ability to store different insect stadia for prolonged periods provides considerable flexibility and ability to conduct experiments properly. Therefore, studies were undertaken to determine the effect of storage temperature and duration on viability of eggs of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner). The percentage egg hatch and incubation period were significantly (P=0.01) influenced by egg age, storage temperature, and storage duration. Egg hatch ranged from 0.0 to 96.8% across temperatures and storage durations. None of the eggs hatched when stored at −20 and 0°C. The regression model with the optimum Mallow Cp statistic for any of the identified linear and quadratic terms did not improve the precision of prediction in egg hatch beyond 67.0%. Forecasting of incubation period based on egg age, storage duration, and duration×temperature was quite effective (R2=84.2%). Day degrees required for egg hatching decreased with an increase in temperature from 10 to 27°C, and egg age from 0 to 3 days. The day degree requirements were highest for 0-day-old eggs at 10°C, and lowest at 27°C. Although the incubation period was higher, the hatchability was lower for 0- and 1-day-old eggs stored at constant 10°C, these eggs can be stored for 10 days at 10°C, with a hatchability of >75.0%. It was safer to store the H. armigera eggs for 10 days at 10°C, which will hatch within 1.6 to 2.0 days after restoration at 27°C with a hatchability of >75.0%. This information will be useful in planning and execution of experiments involving H. armigera on various aspects of research in entomology.

A Review of the Concept of Fuel-Water Internally Rapid Mixing Injector in Burner System

2013 ◽  
Vol 465-466 ◽  
pp. 296-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Farid Sies ◽  
Norrizal Mustaffa ◽  
Hanis Zakaria ◽  
Hamidon bin Salleh ◽  
Bukhari Manshoor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Fuel Composition ◽  
Nox Emissions ◽  
Mixture Formation ◽  
Burning Process ◽  
System A ◽  
Air Mixing ◽  
External Combustion

This paper reviews the effects of premix fluids between biodiesel, air, and water for external combustion especially open burner. During burning process, biodiesel combustion involves the fuel-air mixing characteristic such as oxidation stability, stoichiometric point, bio-fuel composition, antioxidants and viscosity that influences more NOx emissions than diesel fuel. The strategies to reduce NOx emission are acquired with water additional in biodiesel fuel mixing during early stage of burning process. The method to mix biodiesel-water with injector was acquired in burner system. A vast majority of author reported that the variation in mixing of blending biodiesel ratio and water was found to enhance the burning process and mixture formation thus predominantly reducing the NOx emissions.

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