Embodied Carbon of Buildings: Tools, Methods and Strategies

2014 ◽  
Vol 567 ◽  
pp. 565-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Ahmad Farhan ◽  
Nasir Shafiq ◽  
Khairun Azizi Azizli ◽  
Usman Aminu Umar ◽  
Syed Shujaa Safdar Gardezi
Keyword(s):  
End Of Life ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Future Research Direction ◽  
Current State ◽  
Embodied Carbon

Embodied carbon can be defined as the “CO2emissions produced during the extraction of resources, transportation, manufacture, assembly, disassembly and end-of-life disposal of a product”. Calculation of the carbon footprint of buildings is important to promote the construction of low-carbon buildings that release significantly less CO2compared to conventional buildings. However, researchers and practitioners in this area tend to disregard the embodied carbon and pay more attention to the operational carbon when calculating the carbon footprint of buildings. This paper reviews the current state and trend of research on the embodied carbon of buildings with focus on the tools, methods and strategies employed and makes recommendations for future research direction.

Co-Enzyme Q10 to Treat Neurological Disorders: Basic Mechanisms, Clinical Outcomes, and Future Research Direction

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Salama ◽  
Ti-Fei Yuan ◽  
Sergio Machado ◽  
Eric Murillo-Rodriguez ◽  
Jose Vega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Research Direction

Central government patronage, donor aid, and budget performance in local government: testing a mediation effect

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Onyango-Delewa
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Fiscal Federalism ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Research Direction ◽  
Mixed Methods Design ◽  
Donor Agencies

Drawing on network and fiscal federalism theories, we investigated central government patronage and donor aid as antecedents of budget performance in local government (LG). A mixed methods design with data collected from 18 LGs, two ministries, and four donor agencies in Uganda was employed. Results revealed that both central government patronage and donor aid predict budget performance. Moreover, autonomy does not mediate the interactions as initially hypothesized. Implications for theory and practice are discussed and future research direction is provided.

scholarly journals Context-Aware Recommender System: A Review of Recent Developmental Process and Future Research Direction

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid Haruna ◽  
Maizatul Akmar Ismail ◽  
Suhendroyono Suhendroyono ◽  
Damiasih Damiasih ◽  
Adi Pierewan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recommender System ◽  
Developmental Process ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
Future Research Direction ◽  
System A

scholarly journals A Step by Step Methodology for Building Sustainable Cementitious Matrices

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Styliani Papatzani ◽  
Kevin Paine
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Current State ◽  
First Time

In an effort to produce cost-effective and environmentally friendly cementitious binders. mainly ternary (Portland cement + limestone + pozzolanas) formulations have been investigated so far. Various proportions of constituents have been suggested, all, however, employing typical Portland cement (PC) substitution rates, as prescribed by the current codes. With the current paper a step by step methodology on developing low carbon footprint binary, ternary and quaternary cementitious binders is presented (PC replacement up to 57%). Best performing binary (60% PC and 40% LS (limestone)) and ternary formulations (60% PC, 20% LS, 20% FA (fly ash) or 43% PC, 20% LS 37% FA) were selected on the grounds of sustainability and strength development and were further optimized with the addition of silica fume. For the first time a protocol for successfully selecting and testing binders was discussed and the combined effect of highly pozzolanic constituents in low PC content formulations was assessed and a number of successful matrices were recommended. The present paper enriched the current state of the art in composite low carbon footprint cementitious binders and can serve as a basis for further enhancements by other researchers in the field.

scholarly journals Feedback intervention research historical review

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-69
Author(s):  
Saulius Olencevicius
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Intervention Research ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Research Direction ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Feedback Intervention ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
The Individual

Feedback intervention research historically transformed focus from using single to using multidimensional factor analyses. Since researchers have been traditionally interested in determining how to predict future human behavior, the complexity of the feedback intervention research has grown gradually. The importance and multidimensionality of feedback construct on the individual level is presented by the key theories, which are reflected in the historical context, starting from the first “Law of effect”, up to the hybrid “Feedback Intervention Theory”. As a conclusion, possible future research direction is presented.

scholarly journals Microgrid Cyber-Security: Review and Challenges toward Resilience

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. 5649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bushra Canaan ◽  
Bruno Colicchio ◽  
Djaffar Ould Abdeslam
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Information And Communication Technology ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Cyber Security ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Research Direction ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
A Current

The importance of looking into microgrid security is getting more crucial due to the cyber vulnerabilities introduced by digitalization and the increasing dependency on information and communication technology (ICT) systems. Especially with a current academic unanimity on the incremental significance of the microgrid’s role in building the future smart grid, this article addresses the existing approaches attending to cyber-physical security in power systems from a microgrid-oriented perspective. First, we start with a brief descriptive review of the most commonly used terms in the latest relevant literature, followed by a comprehensive presentation of the recent efforts explored in a manner that helps the reader to choose the appropriate future research direction among several fields.

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