Study on Emergency Evacuation in the Subway Fire Accidents

2014 ◽  
Vol 580-583 ◽  
pp. 1033-1036
Author(s):  
Hua Xie ◽  
Yan Ying Xu ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Jian Chen
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Confined Space ◽  
The Public ◽  
Substantial Risk ◽  
Fire Safety Design ◽  
Evacuation Safety ◽  
Evacuation Plan ◽  
Fire Accidents ◽  
Evacuation Route ◽  
In Fire

The fire accident is a substantial risk in the subway due to the complexity of the underground construction confined space, which can cause a large number of human fatalities. Therefore, some effort should be made to promote the public security in subway fire accidents. Among of them, the establishment of emergency evacuation plan is very important in fire safety design and should be paid enough attention because it can provide beneficial help to life safety. The evacuation strategy including the evacuation route and evacuation safety zone are detailedly discussed in this paper, which lays the foundation for future studies of safe evacuation in the subway fire accidents.

Modelling of the Human Behavior in Evacuation

2014 ◽  
Vol 580-583 ◽  
pp. 2663-2666
Author(s):  
Lan Wei ◽  
Chao Yang Zhao ◽  
Wei Feng Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Automaton ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Numerical Test ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Ca Model ◽  
Fire Safety Design ◽  
In Fire

Emergency evacuation is an important issue in fire safety. In this study, a cellular automaton (CA) model in which the human behaviour termed ‘flow with the stream’ is considered is proposed to simulate the procedure of emergency evacuation. Based on the CA model, the influence of the number of guiders to the evacuation from a large compartment is analyzed through numerical test. The result shows that the proposed CA model is a promising tool that may be used in fire safety design.

scholarly journals Determination of Appropriate Operation of Firefighting Facility using Fire and Evacuation Simulations

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
Kil-Joong Kim ◽  
Yong-Goo Seo ◽  
Myung-Won Yoon ◽  
Se-Hong Min
Keyword(s):  
Fire Protection ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Performance Based Design ◽  
Passive System ◽  
Active System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Evacuation Safety ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Evacuation System

Recently, a performance-based design of a fire protection facility has been proposed that significantly contributes to the construction of safe and reliable buildings. Improving the performance of the fire protection facility will enable protection of the public along with the infrastructure. Designs focusing on the fire protection performance generally add or modify architectural aspects through fire and evacuation simulations. However, a secure evacuation system aided with CCTVs has rarely been considered as an active system. Particularly for apartments, it is very difficult to assure evacuation safety without using an active system in fire and evacuation simulations with the front door of the burning room open. Safety can be achieved by combining a passive system with an active system, on the basis that the building premises has the foundation of a passive system. The regulation on the evacuation delay time in the nation was brought in effect through the SFPE paper but was deleted since the data reliability was insufficient. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to analyze the operation of a fire protection facility required to ensure safety by planning multiple simulations of a fire and evacuation system. An apartment has been considered as an example to design the foundation for a standard evacuation safety system. An active system is applied to execute fire and evacuation simulations, with focus on the fire protection performance.

Efektivitas Layanan Darurat Jakarta Siaga 112 dalam Penanganan Kebakaran oleh UPT. Pusat Data & Informasi Kebencanaan BPBD Provinsi DKI Jakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Musa
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Service ◽  
Fire Management ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
The Public ◽  
Information Center ◽  
Disaster Data ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Document Review

This research was conducted to determine the Effectiveness of Jakarta Siaga 112 Emergency Services in Fire Management by UPT. Disaster Data & Information Center of BPBD DKI Jakarta Province by paying attention to aspects contained in the Effectiveness of the Jakarta Siaga Emergency Service Program 112. The research method was carried out with a case study method with data collection techniques using interview methods and document review. Interviews were conducted on 10 (ten) key informants, document review focused on documents related to the Jakarta Emergency Alert Service 112 Effectiveness research in Fire Management. The results showed that the Effectiveness of Jakarta Siaga 112 Emergency Services in Fire Management by UPT. The Center for Disaster Data & Information BPBD DKI Jakarta Province Its effectiveness is still low, due to the Implementation of Emergency Services Jakarta Standby 112 in Fire Management implemented by UPT. Disaster Data & Information Center of BPBD DKI Jakarta Province in terms of the Target Group Understanding of the Program, the Achievement of the Program Objectives aspects, and the Program Follow-up aspects. It is recommended to continue to disseminate this Emergency Service to the public, it is necessary to increase the firm commitment of the Head of 8 SKPD related to fire management so that all units play a role in accordance with the Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) for Fire Management and the evaluation and follow-up of program services that are held periodically 3 once a month.Keywords: Effectiveness, Emergency Services, Fire Handling

scholarly journals The Optimization of Emergency Evacuation from Nuclear Accidents in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zou ◽  
Shuliang Zou ◽  
Changming Niu
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Nuclear Accidents ◽  
Diagram Method ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Network Diagram ◽  
Traffic Capacity ◽  
Evacuation Route

An emergency evacuation route is an important component of emergency rescue of for nuclear accidents. A reasonable evacuation route can reduce evacuation times and protect people’s life. The evacuation route of the nuclear power plant is abstracted into a network diagram and a mathematical model of evacuation optimization route based on the graph theory and the parity of spot diagram method in this paper. Road traffic capacity and other external factors that may affect emergency evacuation are considered in the time weight factor for each road. Finally, an example is given to verify the feasibility of the model.

What the past can say about the present and future of fire

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 ◽  
pp. 66-87
Author(s):  
Jennifer R. Marlon
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Warming Climate ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
In Fire ◽  
Very High

AbstractWildfires are an integral part of most terrestrial ecosystems. Paleofire records composed of charcoal, soot, and other combustion products deposited in lake and marine sediments, soils, and ice provide a record of the varying importance of fire over time on every continent. This study reviews paleofire research to identify lessons about the nature of fire on Earth and how its past variability is relevant to modern environmental challenges. Four lessons are identified. First, fire is highly sensitive to climate change, and specifically to temperature changes. As long as there is abundant, dry fuel, we can expect that in a warming climate, fires will continue to grow unusually large, severe, and uncontrollable in fire-prone environments. Second, a better understanding of “slow” (interannual to multidecadal) socioecological processes is essential for predicting future wildfire and carbon emissions. Third, current patterns of burning, which are very low in some areas and very high in others—are often unprecedented in the context of the Holocene. Taken together, these insights point to a fourth lesson—that current changes in wildfire dynamics provide an opportunity for paleoecologists to engage the public and help them understand the potential consequences of anthropogenic climate change.

scholarly journals Penentuan Penampungan Korban Banjir Di Kecamatan Laweyan Kota Surakarta Berbasis Sistem Informasi Geografis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
Moh. Ali Ma'sum
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Disaster Victims ◽  
Flood Disasters ◽  
Evacuation Route ◽  
The Impact

One of the anticipation actions that can be done before the flood disaster comes is to determine the evacuation route and evacuation location or shelter for flood relief and spread to the public in order to accelerate the process of evacuation of disaster victims so as to minimize losses from the flood itself. This research was conducted by approaching Geographic Information System (SIG) The purpose of this research is (1) Knowing the flood-prone agihan in Laweyan Subdistrict based on SIG. (2) Analyze the Availability of Shelter Locations (Educational Buildings and Buildings of Worship) of flood victims in Laweyan Subdistrict. It is expected that in the research to know the potential of the best temporary evacuation shelter / protection and evacuation design so that it can be considered and help the relevant agencies, especially local BPBD in order to improve flood mitigation in Sumber Village, Banjarsari District, Surakarta City. To reduce or overcome the impact caused by flood disasters on the comfort and safety of the community in Laweyan Subdistrict, researchers need to raise the title, " Determination of Flood Victim Shelter in Lawean District of Surakarta City Based on Geographic Information System".

scholarly journals Gesture-Based Smart Switch

2021 ◽  
pp. 402-410
Author(s):  
Archana Benkar ◽  
Abhishek Duduskar ◽  
Shivani Gandhamwar ◽  
Prof. P. A. More
Keyword(s):  
Automation System ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Common Interface ◽  
Fire Accidents ◽  
In Fire

The project aims at making old/dum electric appliances smart for controlling remotely for easy and touchless/contactless operations via software operations. As in this era of covid-19, a button is the most common interface to interact with the digital world. It could be as simple as a light/fan switch. So our Smart Switch box can be used to replace the existing switches in home which produces sparks and results in fire accidents in a few situations. Considering the advantages of Wi-Fi, an advanced automation system was developed to control the appliances in the house.

scholarly journals Evacuation Safety Evaluation in the Event of a Fire in a Shopping Center with a Connected Passageway in Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 333-339
Author(s):  
Seo-Young Kim, Ha-Sung Kong
Keyword(s):  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Shopping Center ◽  
Shopping Centers ◽  
Evacuation Time ◽  
The Third ◽  
Evacuation Safety ◽  
Evacuation Route

In this study, scenarios were developed to evaluate evacuation safety in the event of a fire in a shopping center with a connected passageway and to reduce Required Safe Egress Time (RSET). The RSET for all occupants by scenario is as follows: The first scenario which used the general evacuation route took 20 minutes and 7 seconds. The second scenario which used the third floor’s connected passageway for third and fourth floor, and using first floor entrance for first and second floor to evacuate took 14 minutes and 11 seconds. The evacuation time was 36 minutes and 52 seconds for scenario 3, which only used the fire escape stairs. The fourth scenario took 4 minutes and 19 seconds and used a connected passageway on every floor. Overall, this study shows that RSET for all occupants is reduced when a connected passageway is installed on every floor in shopping centers. Henceforth, more research is needed to determine whether connected passageway is a single firefighting object or a separate structure.

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