Optimization by the Reliability of the Damage by Tiredness of a Wire Rope of Lifting

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Meksem ◽  
M. El Ghorba ◽  
A. Benali ◽  
A. El Barkany
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Residual Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Risk Of Rupture ◽  
Loading And Unloading ◽  
Principal Work ◽  
Multi Scales

The metallic cables are used for various applications in many industrial fields, such as the aircraft industry, the systems of lifting, the electric lines… In addition, according to the application considered and the conditions of use, the metallic cables undergo degradations whose direct consequences are the strong modifications of the geometrical and mechanical characteristics of the components. What induces a notable reduction of the resistant capacity of the cable according to time, able to bring to failure. In particular at the time of the cyclic requests of loading and unloading where the cable undergoes a phenomenon of tiredness. For safety reasons and an optimal use, it is important to anticipate any brutal rupture. Our work consists in finding a method which allows the optimization of the critical damage and the prediction of its useful life expectancy to be able to change it at convenient time. An analysis making it possible to evaluate the effect of the factors affecting the performance of the long-term cable constitutes the principal work in our lab. It consists in developing a modelling making it possible to envisage the capacity resistant of a cable to various levels of damage of its components, the estimate of the residual life expectancy, the evaluation of the risk of rupture for a level of request given, a mechanical model describing the state of damage by tiredness and another mathematics describing the reliability and finally to an analytical modeling of the relation Damage-Reliability to predict the phenomenon of tiredness of the hoisting cables. The adopted approach is an approach multi-scales with a total decoupling between the scale of the wire and that of the cable. The criterion of the failure in fatigue for the cable is more complex than that applied to the continuous structures, where the measures of length of the crack or a simple observation of the loss of integrity can be enough. These criteria are based on a mixture of former experiment, personal preferences, and of damage, for each particular type of application of cable. The occurrence of the unacceptable number of the cuts of wire is, by far, the most common action adopted for the evaluation of the damage in fatigue of the cable, which justifies our choice. This relation makes it possible to connect the reliability to the damage through the fraction of life expectancy; this led to associate at each stage of damage corresponding reliability. In fact, the theory of the damage considers that the damage reached its maximum value 1 when there is appearance of a macroscopic crack; but the cable keeps a resistance translated by a no null reliability. The latter becomes it when the cable is completely broken. Optimization by the reliability of the damage is a technique which supports knowledge and a follow-up of the state of an entity requested during time. Thing was being able to have interest for a possible application in industrial maintenance. In this context, this work and other works of the same tendency were worked out to manage to establish the bond between reliability as being a statistical size, and the damage by tiredness observed and caused by the cyclic requests.

Long-term follow-up after bowel resection for necrotizing enterocolitis: Factors affecting outcome

1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 967-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan P Ladd ◽  
Frederick J Rescorla ◽  
Karen W West ◽  
L.R Scherer ◽  
Scott A Engum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Bowel Resection ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING ASSAM’S SUSTAINABILITY ISSUES

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
Pratyush Paras Sarma ◽  
Sagarmoy Phukan
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Citizen Science ◽  
Performance Index ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Government

Assam was the first state in India to have undertaken the Global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a long-term guiding strategy for development. At the end of five years, before the state election, evaluating the work on SDGs in Assam is essential to follow up on the commitment of the government. But before we start evaluating the SDGs it is important to understand the development road Assam has taken over the last 100-150 years and why we must make a new turn. This study has tried to understand certain loopholes which have hampered the progress of SDGs in Assam along with how much Assam has been able to address its sustainability issues and how we can progress. We have reviewed the performance of the state based upon the official performance index released by NITI Aayog, Government of India. Our review of the index reflects that Assam has performed relatively poorer than the other states of the country. However, the ethnic culture of the region was deeply rooted in nature which the state can now adopt and harness to achieve its SDGs. KEYWORDS: Sustainable Development Goals; Assam Election; Indigenous Knowledge; Citizen Science; Polycentric Governance

scholarly journals A model assessing innovativeness of administration units awarding public contracts as a tool to conduct economic policy of the state

Equilibrium ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Borowiec
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
The State ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Polish Economy

In today's market economy factors concerning knowledge, new technologies and innovative solutions are essential for economic development. However, the Polish economy, despite its high innovation potential compared to other European Union countries, is characterized by a very low level of innovativeness. Implementing this potential is conditioned with an appropriate economic policy of the state and rational approach to its resources and legal solutions. One of the possibilities of such an action is the use of public procurement instrument through which it is possible to more effectively create demand for innovative products and services. As shown by literature studies, the achievements of the subject literature associated with the creation of demand for innovations by public administration in Poland have been very modest. This gap is recognized the article and it attempts to build a model for assessing the innovativeness of these units. Network thinking methodology was used to build the model. As a result, after the identification of factors affecting the conduct of an innovative public procurement, a network of links was established between them and examined in terms of type, intensity and duration of exposure. Building a model according to the methodology, the opinions of experts have been used along with long-term observations conducted in the course of participation in all kinds of conferences and trainings. The model was also subjected to validation in two selected units.

scholarly journals Long-Term Trends in Small Mammals on a Right-of-Way in Pennsylvania, U.S.

2007 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Richard Yahner ◽  
Richard Yahner ◽  
Russell Hutnik
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammals ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Common Species ◽  
The State ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Live Trapping ◽  
Long Term Trends

The State Game Lands 33 Research and Demonstration Area, Centre County, Pennsylvania, U.S., has been studied since 1953 with the objective of comparing the effectiveness of commonly used mechanical and herbicidal maintenance treatments on vegetation and wildlife on a right-of-way (ROW). Small mammals are important wildlife species on a ROW by consuming tree seeds, thereby reducing invasion of undesirable tree species, and these mammals are important components of a healthy ecosystem. As a follow up to a 2-year study of small mammals conducted 15 years earlier (1989 to 1990) on the State Game Lands 33 ROW, we initiated a 2-year live-trapping study in 2004 on small mammal populations on this ROW. The objectives of our study were to determine relative abundance and species richness (number of species) in six major cover types and in the adjacent forest. One hundred twenty-one individuals of eight species were observed in 2004 and 2005 combined; the most common species was the white-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus). One of the most important cover types to small mammals on the ROW was forb-grass, whereas the forest cover type tended to be less diverse in terms of number of mammal species than in cover types on the ROW.

scholarly journals Long-term outcomes of coil embolization of unruptured intracranial aneurysms

2018 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 1492-1498 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaomi Koyanagi ◽  
Akira Ishii ◽  
Hirotoshi Imamura ◽  
Tetsu Satow ◽  
Kazumichi Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coil Embolization ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Risk Of Rupture ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Multiple Stroke

OBJECTIVELong-term follow-up results of the treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) by means of coil embolization remain unclear. The aim of this study was to analyze the frequency of rupture, retreatment, stroke, and death in patients with coiled UIAs who were followed for up to 20 years at multiple stroke centers.METHODSThe authors retrospectively analyzed data from cases in which patients underwent coil embolization between 1995 and 2004 at 4 stroke centers. In collecting the late (≥ 1 year) follow-up data, postal questionnaires were used to assess whether patients had experienced rupture or retreatment of a coiled aneurysm or any stroke or had died.RESULTSOverall, 184 patients with 188 UIAs were included. The median follow-up period was 12 years (interquartile range 11–13 years, maximum 20 years). A total of 152 UIAs (81%) were followed for more than 10 years. The incidence of rupture was 2 in 2122 aneurysm-years (annual rupture rate 0.09%). Nine of the 188 patients with coiled UIAs (4.8%) underwent additional treatment. In 5 of these 9 cases, the first retreatment was performed more than 5 years after the initial treatment. Large aneurysms were significantly more likely to require retreatment. Nine strokes occurred over the 2122 aneurysm-years. Seventeen patients died in this cohort.CONCLUSIONSThis study demonstrates a low risk of rupture of coiled UIAs with long-term follow-up periods of up to 20 years. This suggests that coiling of UIAs could prevent rupture for a long period of time. However, large aneurysms might need to be followed for a longer time.

scholarly journals ACTR-38. A SINGLE CENTER STUDY: LONG-TERM OUTCOMES OF COMBINED CHEMORADIATION THERAPY WITH TEMOZOLOMIDE FOR NEWLY DIAGNOSED GLIOBLASTOMA IN KOREAN PATIENT

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_6) ◽  
pp. vi21-vi21
Author(s):  
Kyeong-O Go ◽  
Ha Young Yang ◽  
Kihwan Hwang ◽  
Jung Ho Han ◽  
Hyoung Soo Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Adjuvant Treatment ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Korean Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma

Abstract In newly diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM), Temozolomide (TMZ) during and after radiation therapy has become standard treatment. This study describes the long-term use and follow-up results of this therapy for GBM. From 2004 to 2013 in a single institute, 112 Korean patients with newly diagnosed GBM were analyzed retrospectively. The Kaplan-Meier method, the two-sided log-rank test and Cox’s regression analysis was used to determine survival and its affecting factors. The toxicities of TMZ were evaluated using CTCAE v5.0. During the median follow-up period of 18.8 months, median PFS and OS were 9.2 and 20.3 months, respectively. This better survival outcome than the Stupp’s original study might be probably a large treatment effect of a single institution, ethnicity, and associated genetic factors. The TMZ during radiation therapy was completed in 108 patients (96.4%) and TMZ after radiation therapy in 59 patients (52.7%). Eight patients presented with grade 3 or 4 hematologic toxic effects during the protocol. Sixty-six patients (58.9%) received salvage treatment because of the poor response to adjuvant treatment or progression of the disease who achieved completion of adjuvant treatment was shown significantly longer median OS (p= 0.007) and PFS (p< 0.001). Age (< 60 years), preoperative KPS score (≥ 90), the extent of resection (≥ 78% by volumetric measurement, gross total resection), and completion of the Stupp’s protocol were significant factors affecting better survival. Between the sexes, and ages over 65 years did not show any significant difference among their groups. With marginal significances, the mutated IDH-1 and the methylated MGMT promoter showed longer median PFS(p= 0.075 and 0.777, respectively) and OS (p= 0.085 and 0.131, respectively). TMZ during and after radiation therapy might be effective and safe for newly diagnosed Korean patients with GBM. Further studies about various clinical and genetic factors affecting better survival are mandatory.

scholarly journals Lifestyle and Long-Term Smoking Cessation

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 1179173X2096306
Author(s):  
Tove Sohlberg ◽  
Karin Helmersson Bergmark
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Smoking Initiation ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
Swedish Health Care ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Term Maintenance

Background: Since smoking is the leading cause of preventable death, discouraging smoking initiation, encouraging smoking cessation, and exploring factors that help individuals to stay smoke free are immensely important. One such relevant factor may be the impact of lifestyle for long-term smoking cessation. Method: A representative sample of successful quitters was recruited for a study about smoking cessation. These respondents are now part of a 7-year follow-up with the overall aim of revealing factors affecting long-term smoking cessation. Descriptive analyses were carried out at baseline and at follow-up, as well as a further two-step cluster analysis to explore profiles of long-term smoke-free individuals. Results: A majority did not make any particular lifestyle changes, but among those who did, most adopted a healthier lifestyle and/or increased their quota of physical training, where permanent changes in this direction seem to promote a more enduring smoke-free life. Conclusions: Individuals who want to quit smoking should be encouraged to increase their level of physical activity. Swedish health care institutions should be able to provide support for this both initially and over time to promote the long-term maintenance of a smoke-free lifestyle.

Unit Manager's Role with Family Members of Clients in Complex Continuing Care Settings: An Untold Story

2005 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
Sepali Guruge ◽  
Katherine McGilton ◽  
Linda Yetman ◽  
Heather Campbell ◽  
Ruby Librado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Relationships ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Continuing Care ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Closing The Loop

ABSTRACTMost literature on staff-family relationships has come from studies of long-term care settings, has focused mainly on the families' perspectives on factors affecting their relationships with staff, and has included scant findings from the staff's perspective. No studies that examined staff-family relationships in complex continuing care (CCC) environments from the perspective of staff were found in the literature. A qualitative study that draws on a grounded theory approach was conducted to explore staff-family relationships in CCC, and the findings presented in this article illuminate the unit manager's role. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with nine unit managers and a follow-up focus group with five unit managers who work in three CCC facilities. Three categories reflecting the unit manager's role with family members of clients in CCC settings were derived: establishing supportive entry; building and preserving relationships; and closing the loop. Implications of the findings for practice and future research are presented.

scholarly journals Anti-NMDAR encephalitis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolu Xu ◽  
Qiang Lu ◽  
Yan Huang ◽  
Siyuan Fan ◽  
Lixin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Teratoma ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
First Line ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
First Line Therapy ◽  
Nmdar Encephalitis ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Long Term Prognosis

ObjectiveTo describe the detailed clinical characteristics, immunotherapy, and long-term outcomes of patients with anti-NMDA receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis in China.MethodsA single-center, prospective study. Patients who met the diagnostic criteria were enrolled from 2011 to 2017 and followed up. The clinical features, treatment, and long-term outcomes were collected prospectively. Factors affecting the long-term prognosis were analyzed.ResultsThe study included 220 patients. The most common clinical presentations were psychosis (82.7%) and seizures (80.9%). Of the patients, 19.5% had an underlying neoplasm; of which ovarian teratoma was 100% of tumors in females and only one male had lung cancer. Most patients (99.5%) received first-line therapy (glucocorticoids, IV immunoglobulin, or plasmapheresis alone or combined), and only 7.3% received second-line immunotherapy (rituximab, cyclophosphamide alone, or combined). Long-term immunotherapy (mycophenolate mofetil or azathioprine >1 year) was administered to 53.2% of patients. During the first 12 months, 207 (94.1%) patients experienced improvement, and 5 (2.3%) died, whereas 38 (17.3%) experienced relapses. At 12-month follow-up, 92.7% had favorable clinical outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score ≤2).ConclusionsPatients in China present with psychosis and seizure frequently but have a low percentage of underlying neoplasms. Re-enforced first-line immunotherapy is effective in managing anti-NMDAR encephalitis in the acute phase. Although relapse is relatively common, with combined first-line and long-term immunotherapy, most patients reached favorable outcomes.

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