scholarly journals A model assessing innovativeness of administration units awarding public contracts as a tool to conduct economic policy of the state

Equilibrium ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Borowiec
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
The State ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Polish Economy

In today's market economy factors concerning knowledge, new technologies and innovative solutions are essential for economic development. However, the Polish economy, despite its high innovation potential compared to other European Union countries, is characterized by a very low level of innovativeness. Implementing this potential is conditioned with an appropriate economic policy of the state and rational approach to its resources and legal solutions. One of the possibilities of such an action is the use of public procurement instrument through which it is possible to more effectively create demand for innovative products and services. As shown by literature studies, the achievements of the subject literature associated with the creation of demand for innovations by public administration in Poland have been very modest. This gap is recognized the article and it attempts to build a model for assessing the innovativeness of these units. Network thinking methodology was used to build the model. As a result, after the identification of factors affecting the conduct of an innovative public procurement, a network of links was established between them and examined in terms of type, intensity and duration of exposure. Building a model according to the methodology, the opinions of experts have been used along with long-term observations conducted in the course of participation in all kinds of conferences and trainings. The model was also subjected to validation in two selected units.

Mercantilism Revisited

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 773-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Extreme Case ◽  
Economic Thought ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
The Status

The intention of this paper is to look at some of the problems which arise in attempts to provide ‘explanations’ of mercantilism and especially its English manifestations. By ‘explanations’ I mean the efforts which some writers have made causally to relate the historical appearance of sets of economic notions or general recommendations on economic policy or even acts of economic policy by the state to particular long-term phenomena of, or trends in, economic history. Historians of economic thought have not generally made such attempts. With a few exceptions they have normally concerned themselves with tracing and analysing the contributions to economic theory made by those labelled as mercantilists. The most extreme case of non-explanation is provided by Eli Heckscher's reiterated contention in his two massive volumes that mercantilism was not to be explained by reference to the economic circumstances of the time; mercantilist policy was not to be seen as ‘the outcome of the economic situation’; mercantilist writers did not construct their system ‘out of any knowledge of reality however derived’. So strongly held an antideterminist fortress, however congenial a haven for some historians of ideas, has given no comfort to other historians – economic or political, Marxist or non-Marxist – who obstinately exhibit empiricist tendencies. Some forays against the fortress have been made. Barry Supple's analysis of English commerce in the early seventeenth century and the resulting presentation of mercantilist thought and policy as ‘the economics of depression’ has passed into the textbooks and achieved the status of an orthodoxy.

scholarly journals Role of Workers in the Process of Innovation Implementation in Polish Wood Industry Companies

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Niziałek
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Slow Process ◽  
Innovation Implementation ◽  
Wood Industry ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Polish Economy ◽  
Important Branch

Abstract Wood industry enterprises are an important branch of the Polish economy. More and more companies in this sector starts to work on the basis of new technologies, standards and policies, such as the idea of sustainable development. An important factor that may accelerate the implementation of innovative solutions or their employees are slowing. Their commitment and belief in the validity of the changes will depend on whether the innovation desired effect. Article is to show the factors affecting the slow process of innovation in the company with particular emphasis on the role of workers

scholarly journals FEATURES OF INTERACTION OF CORPORATE ACCELERATORS (SMALL INNOVATIVE ENTERPRISES) AND START-UPS FOR THEIR DEVELOPMENT

2019 ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
V. A. Ponomarev ◽  
M. V. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Mutual Benefit ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Business System ◽  
State Participation ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Start Ups

Development of small innovative enterprises (SIE) and promotion of start-ups is an urgent problem in the country's economy. On the example of SIE, modern tendencies and prospects of mutually beneficial assistance to startup promotion by SIE are considered. The way of long-term development of SIEs has been analyzed at the expense of R & D services starting from preliminary studies by start-ups and contract production for new projects (start-ups). The interconnected approaches in this direction are defined: long-term and mutual benefit. For the successful implementation of start-ups, a system for their development (the system of innovative business) is proposed, its elements are listed, as well as the management body-the corporate accelerator (innovation center). Elements of the innovative business system and the position of the state in the system of acceleration are considered. As a criterion for the effectiveness of the system of accelerating startups and startups themselves, it is suggested to estimate them in addition to the volume of sales of innovative products also in terms of the volume of cooperation. The need to adjust corporate policy to small, medium and large enterprises for long-term innovative development has been clarified. Enterprises can act as corporate accelerators. The experience of building mutually beneficial cooperation between the corporate accelerator of the innovation center in Aerofon LLC and start-ups can be useful for creating an accelerated system with state participation.

Predicting results of intra-sinus implantation

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
М. А. Likhanova ◽  
◽  
К. А. Sivolapov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
The State ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Functional Methods ◽  
Cone Beam Computerized Tomography ◽  
Maxillary Sinuses

The study included 564 patients with a deficit in the volume of bone tissue of the alveolar process of the maxillary bone, which did not allow simultaneous installation of crestal implants. The work was carried out relying on modern forecasting systems based on an aggregate and quantitative assessment of the risk of intra- and postoperative complications, anatomical and physiological state of tissues and organs in the area of intervention. In the course of the study, a system for predicting the results of subaxillary augmentation was developed. Factors affecting the nature and frequency of complications in the immediate and long-term postoperative periods are highlighted. A comparative assessment of the functioning of the mucociliary clearance depending on the volume and location of the augmentate is given. Functional methods of investigation – spiral computed tomography and cone-beam computerized tomography – of maxillary bones, video endoscopy of the nasal cavity, study of mucociliary clearance, anterior active rhinomanometry were used. The assessment of the state of the augmentate, pneumatization of the maxillary sinuses, the anatomy of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, the state of the maxillary sinus mucosa, the vertical volume of the walls of the maxillary sinus, and the evacuation capacity of the maxillary sinuses were evaluated. A score was determined for each of the studied parameters. Patterns of preoperative changes in the maxillary sinuses that led to complications in the postoperative period were identified. For each of these parameters, the amount of points collected can range from 1 to 5 points. The higher the score, the higher the probability of successful surgical treatment. If the sum of points is from 1 to 2, forecast of subaxillary augmentation is unfavourable, for 3 points is questionable, with a score of 4–5, the prognosis is favourable.

Optimization by the Reliability of the Damage by Tiredness of a Wire Rope of Lifting

2011 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Meksem ◽  
M. El Ghorba ◽  
A. Benali ◽  
A. El Barkany
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Residual Life ◽  
The State ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Risk Of Rupture ◽  
Loading And Unloading ◽  
Principal Work ◽  
Multi Scales

The metallic cables are used for various applications in many industrial fields, such as the aircraft industry, the systems of lifting, the electric lines… In addition, according to the application considered and the conditions of use, the metallic cables undergo degradations whose direct consequences are the strong modifications of the geometrical and mechanical characteristics of the components. What induces a notable reduction of the resistant capacity of the cable according to time, able to bring to failure. In particular at the time of the cyclic requests of loading and unloading where the cable undergoes a phenomenon of tiredness. For safety reasons and an optimal use, it is important to anticipate any brutal rupture. Our work consists in finding a method which allows the optimization of the critical damage and the prediction of its useful life expectancy to be able to change it at convenient time. An analysis making it possible to evaluate the effect of the factors affecting the performance of the long-term cable constitutes the principal work in our lab. It consists in developing a modelling making it possible to envisage the capacity resistant of a cable to various levels of damage of its components, the estimate of the residual life expectancy, the evaluation of the risk of rupture for a level of request given, a mechanical model describing the state of damage by tiredness and another mathematics describing the reliability and finally to an analytical modeling of the relation Damage-Reliability to predict the phenomenon of tiredness of the hoisting cables. The adopted approach is an approach multi-scales with a total decoupling between the scale of the wire and that of the cable. The criterion of the failure in fatigue for the cable is more complex than that applied to the continuous structures, where the measures of length of the crack or a simple observation of the loss of integrity can be enough. These criteria are based on a mixture of former experiment, personal preferences, and of damage, for each particular type of application of cable. The occurrence of the unacceptable number of the cuts of wire is, by far, the most common action adopted for the evaluation of the damage in fatigue of the cable, which justifies our choice. This relation makes it possible to connect the reliability to the damage through the fraction of life expectancy; this led to associate at each stage of damage corresponding reliability. In fact, the theory of the damage considers that the damage reached its maximum value 1 when there is appearance of a macroscopic crack; but the cable keeps a resistance translated by a no null reliability. The latter becomes it when the cable is completely broken. Optimization by the reliability of the damage is a technique which supports knowledge and a follow-up of the state of an entity requested during time. Thing was being able to have interest for a possible application in industrial maintenance. In this context, this work and other works of the same tendency were worked out to manage to establish the bond between reliability as being a statistical size, and the damage by tiredness observed and caused by the cyclic requests.

scholarly journals Structure of Technological Dynamics and Economic Growth of Russia

Federalism ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 5-25
Author(s):  
O. S. Sukharev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Technological Structure ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
Technological Effectiveness

The slowdown in Russia’s economic growth to the “covid crisis”, as well as the possibility of restoring growth and forming a new model of it, are associated with the need to overcome structural constraints. Moreover, the plans for the recovery of the Russian economy note the need not only for a stimulating macroeconomic policy, but also for the implementation of structural changes through technological renewal. However, technological modernization is highly dependent on the existing mode of technological development – the current and future demand for new technologies. The implementation of the country’s technological development strategy requires an assessment of the existing technological structure with a measurement of its reaction to ongoing investments in support of obsolete and emergence of new technologies. Different sectors of the economy and its regions, having a different set of technologies and their structure, show a different level of manufacturability, which is understood as the ratio of the volume of innovative to non-innovative products. The sensitivity of this parameter to investments in new and outdated technologies is also different, which cannot be taken into account in the formation of investment and technological development policies for both individual regions and Russia as a whole. Using structural and regression analysis, this study provides a picture of the structure of the technological Russian economy. It is shown that technological modernization also involves the movement of resources in the sectoral and regional context in order to eliminate structural and technological imbalances in development. Investment policy should be reduced not only to increasing investments, but also to managing their structure in conjunction with replacing old technologies in order to level and improve the overall manufacturability. This will require solving the promising problem of increasing the sensitivity of manufacturability to investments in new technologies. In the long term, this approach will make it possible to single out the modes of regional technological development, not only ranking regions in terms of sensitivity to new and old technologies, but also developing a selective set of regional policy measures.Keywords: “covid crisis”, economic growth, industrialization, investments, structural changes, structural dynamics, technologies, technological effectiveness of the regional economy.

scholarly journals The Internal Factors Affecting the Ability of the Organizations to Retain the Customers: العوامل الداخلية المؤثرة في قدرة المنظمات على الاحتفاظ بالعملاء

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Imad Eldin Mohammed Alhasseen      ,       Fatima Siragalden
Keyword(s):  
Service Delivery ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
The State ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Delivery Method ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Customer Needs ◽  
Descriptive Approach

The study aimed to identify the internal factors affecting the ability of the insurance companies to retain the industrial customer, which provides service, and focused on studying the problem of poor interest in maintaining long-term clients which consider as an importance for company life. The study used the analytical descriptive approach as one of the appropriate methods for this type of research. The data were collected from a selected sample of the clients of the industrial insurance companies in the state of the Red Sea with a total of 100 companies and organizations benefiting from the insurance services. The study reached a number of results, the most important of which is the presence of an impact on the factors (satisfaction of customer needs, customer confidence in service, service delivery method) on the ability to retain customers. The study recommended a number of recommendations related to the results.

scholarly journals Behavioural Practices and Procurement Performance in Uganda

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayub Masaba Kutosi ◽  
Muhwezi Moses ◽  
Sarah Eya
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
The State ◽  
Significant Positive Relationship ◽  
Opportunistic Behaviour ◽  
Contracting Process ◽  
The Relationship

Despite the above reforms in procurement processes in Uganda’s State owned Enterprises, public procurement performance has not improved. This has consequently led to poor performance of State owned Enterprises. There have been allegations of a presence of opportunistic behaviour of procurement officers, absence of trust and mal practices like corruption and bribery by the contracting parties in the State owned Enterprises. This paper presents a study on the relationship between Behavioural practices and Procurement Performance in Uganda’s State owned Enterprises. This was a quantitative study confined to the area of behavioural practices and procurement performance of 20 State Owned Enterprises where each contributed 8 respondents making a total of 160. Data were collected, analyzed and presented using quantitative techniques. Correlation results show that there is a significant positive relationship between behavioural practices and procurement performance (r =.533**, p<.01). These results further highlight the fact that if elements of behavioural practices especially if Trust is well addressed, the institutions will realize an improvement in the procurement performance. This is because trust was found to be a very strong factor in determining behavioural practices. Further the regression model shows that Behavioural practices can significantly predict procurement performance in SOEs (Beta= .399, Sig. =.000). We recommend that, the behaviour of those involved in the contracting process must be checked. This can be through reference checks and selecting people with a proven record of integrity. Trust should be emphasized by both the State owned Enterprises and their respective providers in order to build a positive long-term relationship. Acts like deceit, cynicism and flattery must also be avoided at all costs.

scholarly journals The Elements of the Mechanism of Improving the Efficiency of the Enterprise’s Financial Potential

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (514) ◽  
pp. 347-355
Author(s):  
M. O. Zhytar ◽  
◽  
L. S. Yarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Financial Stability ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
European Values

The article is aimed at developing both the elements of mechanism and the ways to increase the financial potential of enterprise on the basis of an analysis of theoretical approaches to the essence and components of the financial potential of enterprise in market conditions. It is proved that the globalization of the world economy, the instability of the political and economic situation in the State, high international requirements for the quality of products in recent years have had a negative impact on the enterprises of the State. It is substantiated that in the conditions of rapid development of the market economy, the main task of any economic entity is to achieve and ensure its own financial stability. Conclusions have been drawn that innovation potential increases the financial potential by introducing new energy-saving technologies, environmentally friendly technologies, new approaches to the organization of labor economy; increasing the competence of employees; development of dietary and high-quality products (for food enterprises). The investment potential is able to increase the financial potential as follows: to invest in social projects and programs, in the development of new technologies and innovation-production activities; to conduct charitable activities. The information potential will be able to increase the financial potential in the following ways: to act as a supporter of the policy of European values of doing business; to conduct marketing policy in accordance with current social, innovative and environmental trends; to ensure the level of maximum openness.

scholarly journals SUPPLY AND DEMAND FACTORS OF THE STATE AND BUSINESS ON PUBLIC AND PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP

2021 ◽  
pp. 126-132
Author(s):  
T. V. Tischenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Procurement ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
The State ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Near Future

The subject of the study is public–private partnership (hereinafter – PPP) mechanisms in the modern economy of the Russian Federation. The article considers economic factors affecting the demand for PPP mechanisms in Russia from the state and business. The paper carries out a comparative assessment of the supply and demand of PPP and alternative mechanisms of interaction between the state and business. The study reveals that PPP does not have significant advantages in comparison with traditional public procurement or leasing. According to the results of the study, the author makes a forecast that in the near future we should expect a significant reduction in the volume of private and public co-financing of projects implemented on the basis of PPP. Assumption by state additional obligations to finance projects in the absence of budget restrictions can increase the demand for PPP on the part of business.

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