Side Impact Safety Design of Vehicle Based on Implicit Parametric Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 635-637 ◽  
pp. 631-636
Author(s):  
Tao Chen ◽  
Yun Peng
Keyword(s):  
Safety Performance ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Impact Model ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Safety Design

In the concept design phase of new car development, the parametric simplified side impact model was established by implicit parametric technology. The design parameters of BIW were optimized based on simplified model, such as the shape of section and the thickness of parts. The side impact safety performance and lightweight requirements were set as restraints during optimizing. The case indicated that the intrusion and intrusive velocity of B-pillar were reduced more than 30% and the mass was reduced 5.6% by this method.

Application of the Lumped-Parameter Model in Concept Design Phase of Side Impact Safety Development

2014 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 2140-2146
Author(s):  
Tao Chen ◽  
Yun Peng
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Lumped Parameter Model ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Vehicle Body ◽  
Critical Area ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Lumped Parameter ◽  
New Type

In the process of side impact, the door was directly contacted with the chest, abdomen and pelvis of dummy and its movement has a large effect upon dummy injury. A evaluation about dummy injury influenced by the velocity and displacement of chest, abdomen and pelvis in dummy was proposed. A rapid forward development strategy which is applied in forward development was presented. A new type side impact LPM (Lumped-Parameter Model) was established. The stiffness of critical area in vehicle body was optimized by LPM which used the intrusive velocity and displacement of chest, abdomen and pelvis in dummy as design object. The example showed that the safety performance was improved obviously and the development period was shortened in some extent.

Safety Performance of a Large Scale Sodium Cooled Fast Reactor in Unprotected Transient Overpower Scenarios

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuanyu Wu ◽  
Hong Yu ◽  
Lixia Ren ◽  
Wenjun Hu
Keyword(s):  
Fast Reactor ◽  
Scenario Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Safety Margin ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Control Rod ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Design Options ◽  
Reactivity Insertion

Design options of large scale sodium cooled fast reactors are being studied intensively in China, and China Fast Reactor 1000 (CFR-1000) is one of the options. An unprotected transient overpower (UTOP) scenario analysis is carried out during the concept design phase of CFR-1000, aiming at estimating the safety performances of the core during the transient and providing feedbacks for the design. Reactivity insertion scenarios are simulated with different reactivity insertion rates. Safety aspects of core design are evaluated based on the simulation and analyses, including the design of reactivity feedbacks, the design of control rod as well as safety margin of fuel and cladding. The UTOP scenario analysis provides insights of CFR-1000 core design in safety aspect, and valuable information on safety design is given for future China fast reactor design.

scholarly journals A modular design method based on TRIZ and AD and its application to cutter changing robot

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 168781402110343
Author(s):  
Mei Yang ◽  
Yimin Xia ◽  
Lianhui Jia ◽  
Dujuan Wang ◽  
Zhiyong Ji
Keyword(s):  
Modular Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Idea Generation ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Problem Analysis ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Shield Tunneling ◽  
Structural Hierarchy ◽  
And Performance

Modular design, Axiomatic design (AD) and Theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) have been increasingly popularized in concept design of modern mechanical product. Each method has their own advantages and drawbacks. The benefit of modular design is reducing the product design period, and AD has the capability of problem analysis, while TRIZ’s expertise is innovative idea generation. According to the complementarity of these three approaches, an innovative and systematic methodology is proposed to design big complex mechanical system. Firstly, the module partition is executed based on scenario decomposition. Then, the behavior attributes of modules are listed to find the design contradiction, including motion form, spatial constraints, and performance requirements. TRIZ tools are employed to deal with the contradictions between behavior attributes. The decomposition and mapping of functional requirements and design parameters are carried out to construct the structural hierarchy of each module. Then, modules are integrated considering the connections between each other. Finally, the operation steps in application scenario are designed in temporal and spatial dimensions. Design of cutter changing robot for shield tunneling machine is taken as an example to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Front steering design guidelines formulation for e-scooters considering the influence of sitting and standing riders on self-stability and safety performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440702199217
Author(s):  
Milan Paudel ◽  
Fook Fah Yap
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Single Track ◽  
Standing Posture ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Current Design

E-scooters are a recent trend and are viewed as a sustainable solution to ease the first and last mile problem in modern transportation. However, an alarming rate of accidents, injuries, and fatalities have caused a significant setback for e-scooters. Many preventive measures and legislation have been put on the e-scooters, but the number of accidents and injuries has not reduced considerably. In this paper, the current design approach of e-scooters has been analyzed, and the most common range of design parameters have been identified. Thereafter, validated mathematical models have been used to quantify the performance of e-scooters and relate them with the safety aspects. Both standing and seated riders on e-scooters have been considered, and their influence on the dynamic performance has been analyzed and compared with the standard 26-in wheel reference safety bicycle. With more than 80% of the accidents and injuries occurring from falling or colliding with obstacles, this paper tries to correlate the dynamics of uncontrolled single-track vehicles with the safety performance of e-scooters. The self-stability, handling, and braking effect have been considered as major performance matrices. The analysis has shown that the current e-scooter designs are not as stable as the reference safety bicycle. Moreover, these e-scooters have been found unstable within the most common range of legislated riding velocity. The results corroborate with the general perception that the current designs of e-scooters are less stable, easy to lose control, twitchy, or wobbly to ride. Furthermore, the standing posture of the rider on the e-scooter has been found dangerous while braking to avoid any disturbances such as potholes or obstacles. Finally, the front steering design guidelines have been proposed to help modify the current design of e-scooters to improve the dynamic performance, hence the safety of the e-scooter riders and the surroundings.

scholarly journals Simulation Tests of a Cow Milking Machine—Analysis of Design Parameters

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1358
Author(s):  
Ewa Golisz ◽  
Adam Kupczyk ◽  
Maria Majkowska ◽  
Jędrzej Trajer
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Degree Polynomial ◽  
Fourth Degree ◽  
Local Loss ◽  
Linear Drag ◽  
Milking Machine ◽  
Machine Analysis ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this paper was to create a mathematical model of vacuum drops in a form that enables the testing of the impact of design parameters of a milking cluster on the values of vacuum drops in the claw. Simulation tests of the milking cluster were conducted, with the use of a simplified model of vacuum drops in the form of a fourth-degree polynomial. Sensitivity analysis and a simulation of a model with a simplified structure of vacuum drops in the claw were carried out. As a result, the impact of the milking machine’s design parameters on the milking process could be analysed. The results showed that a change in the local loss and linear drag coefficient in the long milk duct will have a lower impact on vacuum drops if a smaller flux of inlet air, a higher head of the air/liquid mix, and a higher diameter of the long milk tube are used.

scholarly journals Numerical Modeling and Safety Design for Lithium-Ion Vehicle Battery Modules Subject to Crush Loading

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Feng Zhu ◽  
Runzhou Zhou ◽  
David J. Sypeck
Keyword(s):  
Failure Modes ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
Homogeneous Material ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Safety Design ◽  
Battery Module

In this work, a computational study was carried out to simulate crushing tests on lithium-ion vehicle battery modules. The tests were performed on commercial battery modules subject to wedge cutting at low speeds. Based on loading and boundary conditions in the tests, finite element (FE) models were developed using explicit FEA code LS-DYNA. The model predictions demonstrated a good agreement in terms of structural failure modes and force–displacement responses at both cell and module levels. The model was extended to study additional loading conditions such as indentation by a cylinder and a rectangular block. The effect of other module components such as the cover and cooling plates was analyzed, and the results have the potential for improving battery module safety design. Based on the detailed FE model, to reduce its computational cost, a simplified model was developed by representing the battery module with a homogeneous material law. Then, all three scenarios were simulated, and the results show that this simplified model can reasonably predict the short circuit initiation of the battery module.

A simplified model for evaluating the energy saving potential of adopting demand controlled ventilation in office buildings in Hong Kong

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Jia ◽  
Wai-Ling Lee ◽  
Hua Chen ◽  
Han Li
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Simplified Model ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Subtropical Climate ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Energy Saving Potential ◽  
Controlled Ventilation ◽  
Demand Controlled Ventilation

Demand controlled ventilation (DCV) to conserve energy while maintaining an acceptable indoor environment has been used for over 30 years. However, little work has been done on evaluating its energy saving potential in cooling dominant office buildings in subtropical climate. In this study, the energy saving potential of DCV system for use in six representative office buildings in Hong Kong was investigated by simulations. Simulation validation was done based on in situ measurements and site surveys. The findings show that, based on their original design conditions, the use of DCV could lead to 12.5–26.1% energy saving. To facilitate quick estimation of the energy saving potential of DCV system, further simulations were performed for the development of a simplified model. The simplified model relates the energy saving potential to key air-conditioning system and design parameters. Based on the simplified model, sensitivity analysis was conducted to quantify the influences of different parameters on the energy saving potential of DCV system. The developed model method can be used for prediction on the energy saving potential in a wider application of DCV in Hong Kong.

Design Optimisation Strategies for a Hydraulic Hybrid Wheel Loader

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Uebel ◽  
Henrique Raduenz ◽  
Petter Krus ◽  
Victor Juliano de Negri
Keyword(s):  
Energy Management ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Linear Component ◽  
Concept Design ◽  
Energy Management Strategy ◽  
Design Optimisation ◽  
Hydraulic Hybrid ◽  
Deterministic Dynamic ◽  
Control Optimisation ◽  
And Control

This paper deals with design optimisation of hydraulic hybrid drivelines during early concept design phases. To set the design parameters of a hybrid driveline such as gear ratios, pump/motor displacements and size of energy storage, the energy management of the hybrid machine needs to be considered as well. This is problematic since a nested design and control optimisation normally requires substantial computer power and is time-consuming. Few previous studies have treated combined design and control optimisation of hydraulic hybrid vehicles using detailed, non-linear component driveline models. Furthermore, previously proposed design optimisation methods for on-road vehicles are not suitable for heavy off-road machines operating in short repetitive cycles with high transient power output. The paper demonstrates and compares different optimisation approaches for design and control optimisation combining deterministic dynamic programming and non-gradient based numerical optimisation. The results show that a simple rule-based energy management strategy can be sufficient to find the optimal hardware design even though non-optimal control laws are used.

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