Study of Electric Conductivity of Urban Stream Water Polluted with Municipal Effluents

2014 ◽  
Vol 641-642 ◽  
pp. 1172-1175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandr N. Chusov ◽  
Ekaterina A. Bondarenko ◽  
Maria Ju. Andrianova
Keyword(s):  
Electric Conductivity ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Urban Stream ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Specific Electric Conductivity ◽  
Water Conductivity ◽  
Fresh Surface

Specific electric conductivity of water samples in a polluted urban stream was compared with other water quality parameters such as concentration of inorganic carbon, total organic carbon, and total nitrogen. Increasing of water conductivity 1.3...10 times was observed downstream canalization outlets discharging drainage waters together with residential waste waters from inhabited district of city. In some periods water conductivity showed good correlation with pollutants concentration such as TN and IC (with correlation coefficients 0.54...0.96). The received data show that electric conductivity can be used for revealing waste waters pollution in fresh surface waters.

scholarly journals Episodic fresh surface waters in the Eocene Arctic Ocean

Nature ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 441 (7093) ◽  
pp. 606-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk Brinkhuis ◽  
◽  
Stefan Schouten ◽  
Margaret E. Collinson ◽  
Appy Sluijs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Ocean ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Fresh Surface

scholarly journals DOC-dynamics in a small headwater catchment as driven by redox fluctuations and hydrological flow paths – are DOC exports mediated by iron reduction/oxidation cycles?

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 891-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-H. Knorr
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Pore Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Iron Reduction ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Riparian Wetlands ◽  
Pore Waters ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Discharge Patterns ◽  
Iron Concentrations

Abstract. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) exports from many catchments in Europe and North-America are steadily increasing. Several studies have sought to explain this observation. As possible causes, a decrease in acid rain or sulfate deposition, concomitant reductions in ionic strength and increasing temperatures were identified. DOC often originates from riparian wetlands; but here, despite higher DOC concentrations, ionic strength in pore waters usually exceeds that in surface waters. In the catchment under study, DOC concentrations were synchronous with dissolved iron concentrations in pore and stream water. This study aims at testing the hypothesis that DOC exports are mediated by iron reduction/oxidation cycles. Following the observed hydrographs, δ18O of water and DOC fluorescence, the wetlands were identified as the main source of DOC. Antecedent biogeochemical conditions, i.e., water table levels in the wetlands, influenced the discharge patterns of nitrate, iron and DOC during an event. The correlation of DOC with pH was positive in pore waters, but negative in surface waters; it was negative for DOC with sulfate in pore waters, but only weak in surface waters. Though, the positive correlation of DOC with iron was universal for pore and surface water. The decline of DOC and iron concentrations in transition from anoxic wetland pore water to oxic stream water suggests a flocculation of DOC with oxidising iron, leading to a drop in pH in the stream during high DOC fluxes. The pore water did not per se differ in pH. There is, thus, a need to consider processes more thoroughly of DOC mobilisation in wetlands when interpreting DOC exports from catchments. The coupling of DOC with iron fluxes suggested that increased DOC exports could at least, in part, be caused by increasing activities in iron reduction, possibly due to increases in temperature, increasing wetness of riparian wetlands, or by a shift from sulfate dominated to iron reduction dominated biogeochemical regimes.

Classification and Prediction of Goldfish Population and Water Quality Using a Potentiometric E-Tongue

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1037-1044
Author(s):  
Zhenbo Wei ◽  
Yu Zhao ◽  
Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Parameters ◽  
Pattern Recognition Methods

Abstract. In this study, a potentiometric E-tongue was employed for comprehensive evaluation of water quality and goldfish population with the help of pattern recognition methods. Four water quality parameters, i.e., pH and concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO), nitrite (NO2-N), and ammonium (NH3-N), were tested by conventional analysis methods. The differences in water quality parameters between samples were revealed by two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The cultivation days and goldfish population were classified well by principal component analysis (PCA) and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA), and the distribution of each sample was clearer in CDA score plots than in PCA score plots. The cultivation days, goldfish population, and water parameters were predicted by a T-S fuzzy neural network (TSFNN) and back-propagation artificial neural network (BPANN). BPANN performed better than TSFNN in the prediction, and all fitting correlation coefficients were >0.90. The results indicated that the potentiometric E-tongue coupled with pattern recognition methods could be applied as a rapid method for the determination and evaluation of water quality and goldfish population. Keywords: Classify, E-tongue, Goldfish water, Prediction.

scholarly journals Stream plant chemistry as indicator of acid sulphate soils in Sweden

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 83 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. LAX
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Fontinalis Antipyretica ◽  
Acid Sulphate ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Acid Sulphate Soils ◽  
Trace Element Chemistry ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact

Results from the biogeochemical mapping (roots of aquatic plants and Fontinalis antipyretica) conducted by the Geological Survey of Sweden (SGU) reflects the metal load of surface waters draining acid sulphate (AS) soils in Sweden. In this study, results from the biogeochemical, soil geochemical and Quaternary mapping programmes at SGU were used to investigate the impact of fine-grained deposits hosting AS soils on stream water trace element chemistry in two separate areas. In the area around Lake Mälaren, postglacial sediments contain the highest levels of most trace elements studied. Owing to the low pH of AS soils and subsequent leaching, levels of nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), sulphur (S), yttrium (Y), uranium (U), tungsten (W), and molybdenum (Mo) were significantly elevated in aquatic roots. Levels were lower in the Skellefteå area, which may be explained by lower concentrations in source deposits. Concentrations of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) were normal or impoverished in biogeochemical samples from postglacial, finegrained sediment areas. Maps based on ratios (Ni:Pb or Y:Pb) in biogeochemical samples can, together with results from Quaternary mapping, be used to predict areas with AS soils in Sweden.;

scholarly journals QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF SURFACE WATERS AT ASPROLAKKAS RIVER BASIN, N.E. CHALKIDIKI, GREECE

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 1737
Author(s):  
E. Kelepertzis ◽  
A. Argyraki ◽  
E. Daftsis ◽  
D. Ballas
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Major Ions ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
The Past ◽  
Surface Water Samples

The present study reports on a four sampling period (April 2008-July 2008-November 2008-February 2009) study of water quality in streams of NE Chalkidiki. A total of 80 surface water samples were collected and analysed for the major ions Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, Cl- , HCO3 - , SO4 2-, NO3 - and the trace elements Pb, Fe, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Mn and As. Also pH, Electrical Conductivity (EC), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Temperature, as well as the stream water discharge at each sampling point, were determined in the field. The treatment and the subsequent evaluation of the data showed that the water samples are divided into three separate groups, reflecting the chemistry of water in the three sub-basins of the area i.e., Kokkinolakkas, Kerasia and Piavitsa. The water of the first one is possibly affected by the past mining activities of the area, whereas samples from the other two reflect the influence of sulphide mineralization on the hydrogeochemistry of the corresponding streams. No effect of the seasonal differentiation of stream water discharge was observed.

scholarly journals Unraveling Aquatic Quality Controls of a Nearly Undisturbed Mediterranean Island (Samothraki, Greece)

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos T. Skoulikidis ◽  
Anastasia Lampou ◽  
Sofia Laschou
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Stream Flow ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
Atmospheric Humidity ◽  
Groundwater Aquifers ◽  
Mediterranean Island ◽  
Atmospheric Inputs ◽  
Steep Slopes

Due to its rough, mountainous relief, Samothraki remains one of the last minimally disturbed islands in the Mediterranean. This paper examines the hydrogeochemical regime of the island’s surface waters as it results from geological, morphological, and hydro(geo)logical controls within a frame of minimally disturbed environmental conditions. Shallow, fractured groundwater aquifers, in combination with steep slopes and predominant weathering resistant rocks, bring about flashy stream regimes with remarkably low solute concentrations. Streams and springs revealed hydrochemical similarities. Contrary to streams chiefly draining sedimentary rocks, streams underlined by granite and ophiolite rocks do not respond hydrochemically to geochemical differences. Using ion proportions instead of concentrations, geochemical fingertips of magmatic stream basins were detected. Atmospheric inputs largely affect stream and spring composition, e.g., by 75% regarding sodium. Only 20% of dissolved oxygen and pH variance was assigned to biological activity, while nutrient levels were consistent with the undisturbed conditions of the island, except nitrate. Small mountainous springs and brooks fed by restricted, fractured groundwater aquifers with perennial flow, despite scarce summer rainfalls, may be fueled by cloud and fog condensation. High night-day stream flow differences, high atmospheric humidity predominately occurring during the night, and low stream water travel times point out toward this phenomenon.

scholarly journals Variability of dissolved CO<sub>2</sub> in the Pang and Lambourn Chalk rivers

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 328-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Griffiths ◽  
J. Nutter ◽  
A. Binley ◽  
N. Crook ◽  
A. Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Dissolved Carbon ◽  
Dissolved Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

Abstract. This paper presents the results of a two-year field campaign to determine the spatial and temporal variability of groundwater interaction with surface waters in two Cretaceous Chalk catchments (the Pang and Lambourn) in the Upper Thames in Berkshire, UK, based on measurement of dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2). Average stream water concentrations of dissolved CO2 were up to 35 times the concentration at atmospheric equilibrium. Mean groundwater concentrations of 85 and 70 times the atmospheric equilibrium were determined from borehole water sampled in the Pang and Lambourn respectively. Diurnal and seasonal variation of in-stream concentration of dissolved CO2 is not significant enough to mask the signal from groundwater inputs.

Phase Fractionation of Chemical Elements During the Formation of Ice in Fresh Surface Waters

2020 ◽  
Vol 492 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-332
Author(s):  
A. V. Savenko ◽  
V. S. Savenko ◽  
O. S. Pokrovsky
Keyword(s):  
Surface Waters ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Fresh Surface
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document