Potential for Phosphorus Removal in Wastewater Using Volcanic Rock as Adsorbent

2014 ◽  
Vol 1010-1012 ◽  
pp. 202-206
Author(s):  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Zhong Zhong ◽  
Yi Jian Feng ◽  
Lu Sun ◽  
Lu Qi
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Volcanic Rock ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Wastewater Purification ◽  
Phosphorus Contamination

Phosphorus contamination in aquatic system was a widespread problem in Zhejiang province due to the excess use of detergent, agrochemicals and other organic phosphorus chemicals. Volcanic rock, an adsorbent with porous structure and large surface area, was applied for phosphorus removal in wastewater. The results showed that the phosphorus removal rate and equilibrium time had positive correlation with the initial phosphorus concentration, while the volcanic rock particle size could also affect the adsorption performance as volcanic rock with smaller particle size used to have a larger cation exchange capacity and higher surface area. Both Langmuir adsorption and the Freundlich adsorption happened throughout phosphorus removal process, showing the strong capacity and capability of volcanic rock as absorbent for phosphorus wastewater. It is promising to use volcanic rock in phosphorus water/wastewater purification systems due its large quantities and accessibility in nature.

Long-term performance evaluation of EBPR process in tropical climate: start-up, process stability, and the effect of operational pH and influent C:P ratio

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. H. Ong ◽  
A. S. M. Chua ◽  
B. P. Lee ◽  
G. C. Ngoh
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Tropical Climate ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
C:P Ratio ◽  
Tropical Climates

To date, little information is known about the operation of the enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process in tropical climates. Along with the global concerns on nutrient pollution and the increasing array of local regulatory requirements, the applicability and compliance accountability of the EBPR process for sewage treatment in tropical climates is being evaluated. A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) inoculated with seed sludge from a conventional activated sludge (CAS) process was successfully acclimatized to EBPR conditions at 28 °C after 13 days' operation. Enrichment of Candidatus Accumulibacter phosphatis in the SBR was confirmed through fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The effects of operational pH and influent C:P ratio on EBPR were then investigated. At pH 7 or pH 8, phosphorus removal rates of the EBPR processes were relatively higher when operated at C:P ratio of 3 than C:P ratio of 10, with 0.019–0.020 and 0.011–0.012 g-P/g-MLVSS•day respectively. One-year operation of the 28 °C EBPR process at C:P ratio of 3 and pH 8 demonstrated stable phosphorus removal rate of 0.020 ± 0.003 g-P/g-MLVSS•day, corresponding to effluent with phosphorus concentration <0.5 mg/L. This study provides the first evidence on good EBPR activity at relatively high temperature, indicating its applicability in a tropical climate.

The Removal of Inorganic Anions from Municipal Secondary Effluent Using Magnetic Ion Exchange Resin

2011 ◽  
Vol 374-377 ◽  
pp. 1170-1178
Author(s):  
Jian Yang ◽  
Jiang Chang ◽  
Yi Ping Gan ◽  
Jin Hua Gao
Keyword(s):  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Ion Exchange Process ◽  
Magnetic Ion ◽  
Municipal Secondary Effluent

The primary objective of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of a magnetic ion exchange process (MIEX) in removing inorganic anions from municipal secondary effluent. Municipal secondary effluent drew from Gaobeidian wastewater treatment plant treating about 800,000 m3/day domestic wastewater. In the pilot experiment, MIEX resin removed 37.01% phosphorus, 31.62% nitrate, 36.06% ammonium and 64.34% sulphate from municipal secondary effluent. Phosphorus concentration in resin influent influenced reclaimed water treatment efficiency. Phosphorus removal rate was positively correlated with the concentration in influent. If phosphorus concentration in influent was >0.82mg/L, phosphorus removal of >52% was achieved. Nitrate and sulphate removal had same variation laws. 18.92% average removal rate of nitrate in middle period was lower than 35.06% and 39.25% average removal rates in earlier and latter periods respectively. The average removal rates of ammonium in three periods were 83.03%, 43.51% and 84.29% respectively. Removed ammonium of each sample was about 0.250mg/L, average removal rate was 36.06%. Lower ammonium concentration in influent could cause higher removal rate. Otherwise, magnetic ion exchange process could increase turbidity and could not disinfect, the resin effluent will be treated with coagulation-sedimentation and ozonation for groundwater recharge research with reclaimed water.

The Fosfomycin Degradation by Hydrolysis Acidification-Biological Contact Oxidation and Microbial Community Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1129-1134
Author(s):  
Ping Zeng ◽  
Xiao Lin Xie ◽  
Yong Hiu Song ◽  
Chao Wei Zhu ◽  
Wen Ming Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Community Analysis ◽  
Microbial Community Analysis ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Combined Process ◽  
Contact Oxidation ◽  
Hydrolysis Acidification ◽  
Biological Contact Oxidation

The lab scale biological fosfomycin degradation by hydrolysis acidification-contact oxidation combined process was studied. And the microbial communities in hydrolysis acidification-contact oxidation combined process were analyzed. The results showed that the organic phosphorus was well degraded by hydrolysis acidification-contact oxidation combined process when organic phosphorus concentration in the influent was lower than 10 mg/l. The combined process could endure the loading with the influent organic phosphorus concentration between 10-20 mg/l. The community analysis showed that most of the phosphorus removal bacteria and antibiotics resistance bacteria were discovered in contact oxidation.

INFLUENCE OF CLAY MINERALS ON MICROORGANISMS: III. EFFECT OF PARTICLE SIZE, CATION EXCHANGE CAPACITY, AND SURFACE AREA ON BACTERIA

1966 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1235-1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Stotzky
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Cation Exchange Capacity ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Bacterial Respiration ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Stimulation Of

The stimulation of bacterial respiration by clay minerals was related to certain physicochemical characteristics of clays. Respiration increased with an increase in the cation exchange capacity and surface area of the particles. The importance of surface area, however, could not be unequivocally established, as some of the methods used to determine this characteristic on certain clay species were questionable. Particle size did not appear to be a critical characteristic. The implications of the cation exchange capacity of clay minerals in the activity, ecology, and population dynamics of microorganisms in nature are discussed.

Influence of Daphnia magna and Ceratophyllum demersum on the control of algae under different phosphorus concentrations

2020 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Yan Chen ◽  
Peiyun Yang ◽  
Mingjun Fan ◽  
Qingwei Lin ◽  
Tongxia Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Ceratophyllum Demersum ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Total Growth

In order to evaluate the influence of Daphnia magna and Ceratophyllum demersum on the control of algae under different phosphorus concentrations, Cyclotella sp., Microcystis aeruginosa, and Chlorella vulgaris were selected to establish an aquatic microcosmic model. When the phosphorus concentration ranged from 0.05 to 2 mg L−1, D. magna significantly inhibited the three species of algae from different phylum, particularly M. aeruginosa, and the total growth rates of the three species of algae decreased with the increase of phosphorus concentration. When the phosphorus concentration ranged from 0.05 to 2 mg L−1, C. demersum imparted a significant inhibition of the three species of algae, particularly M. aeruginosa. The total growth rates of the three species of algae were reduced with higher phosphorus concentrations; however, the effect was lower than that of D. magna, with C. vulgaris as the dominant species. When the phosphorus concentration ranged from 0.05 to 2 mg L−1, D. magna combined with C. demersum inhibited the growth of the three species of algae to a considerable degree, which was an improvement over that of other experimental groups using only D. magna or C. demersum by themselves. The total growth rates of algae were reduced with higher phosphorus concentrations. When the phosphorus concentration ranged from 0.05 to 0.1 mg L−1, the removal rates of phosphorus exceeded 90%, and the phosphorus concentration became the limiting factor in the culture system. We observed that under higher initial phosphorus concentrations, the nitrogen removal rate increased, whereas the phosphorus removal rate decreased.

The Phosphorus Removal Characteristics of Grain-Slag as Filter Media

2011 ◽  
Vol 306-307 ◽  
pp. 1488-1491
Author(s):  
Yan Feng ◽  
Yan Zhen Yu ◽  
Man Tun Li ◽  
Lei Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Total Surface Area ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Filter Media ◽  
Pore Characteristics ◽  
Filter Materials ◽  
Initial Ph

A novel filter media-grain slag as filter media for the removal of phosphorous studied in the paper. The characteristics of grain-slag and haydite such as total porosity, total surface area, pore size distribution, apparent and bulk density, crystal structures and chemical composition were evaluated for the two materials firstly. The data of pore characteristics and surface morphology of filter materials showed grain-slags were superior to haydites in many ways, including higher total porosity, larger total surface area and lower density. These characteristics were essential for filter materials. Subsequently, the pH of solution and contact time was evaluated in batch phosphate sorption experiments for the two materials. The results showed the phosphate removal rate of grain-slag was higher than haydite. The phosphate removal of the grain-slag tended to decrease with increasing initial pH above neutral. Therefore, grain-slag application, as a novel process of treating phosphorus with wastes, provided a promising way in grain slag utilization.

Effect of Particle Size During Tungsten Chemical Mechanical Polishing

1999 ◽  
Vol 566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Bielmann ◽  
Uday Mahajan ◽  
Rajiv K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Contact Surface ◽  
Chemical Mechanical Polishing ◽  
Alumina Particle ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Mechanical Polishing ◽  
Polished Surface ◽  
Contact Surface Area ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size

Abrasive particle size plays a critical role in controlling the polishing rate and the surface roughness during chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) of interconnect materials during semiconductor processing. Earlier reports on the effect of particle size on polishing of silica show contradictory conclusions. We have conducted controlled measurements to determine the effect of alumina particle size during polishing of tungsten. Alumina particles of similar phase and shape with size varying from 0.1 μm to 10 μm diameter have been used in these experiments. The polishing experiments showed that the local roughness of the polished tungsten surfaces was insensitive to alumina particle size. The tungsten removal rate was found to increase with decreasing particle size and increased solids loading. These results suggest that the removal rate mechanism is not a scratching type process, but may be related to the contact surface area between particles and polished surface controlling the reaction rate. The concept developed in our work showing that the removal rate is controlled by the contact surface area between particles and polished surface is in agreement with the different explanations for tungsten removal.

Selective adsorption of organic dyes by porous hydrophilic silica aerogels from aqueous system

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 402-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Wei ◽  
Huihui Hu ◽  
Xuelin Ji ◽  
Zaoxue Yan ◽  
Wei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Silica Aerogel ◽  
Organic Dyes ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Cationic Dyes ◽  
Average Particle

Abstract Hydrophilic silica aerogel (HSA) was obtained by sol-gel method and dried at ambient conditions and further studied for the removal of organic dyes in water. Silica aerogel was characterized by its morphology, porous structure, specific surface area and particle size distribution by scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and pore size distribution. The HSA after calcination had a specific surface area of 888.73 m2/g and an average particle size of 2.6341 nm. Moreover, adsorption properties of the HSA toward organic dyes – adsorption conditions, kinetics data, and equilibrium model – were investigated. The removal rate of cationic dyes (rhodamine B (RhB), methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV)) by HSA was up to 90%, while the removal rate of anionic dye (acid orange 7) was not more than 30%. The maximum adsorptions were: RhB 191.217 mg/g, MB 51.1601 mg/g and CV 24.85915 mg/g, respectively. Based on the adsorption mechanism of HSA for cationic/anionic dyes, the conclusion confirmed the prospect of HSA as effective adsorbent to treat cationic dyes wastewater.

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