Failure Criteria and its Application in Wellbore Studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 1133 ◽  
pp. 624-628
Author(s):  
Sonny Irawan ◽  
Mahmood Bataee ◽  
Mohammad Reza Zare
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Failure Criteria ◽  
Rock Surface ◽  
Sand Production ◽  
Injection Wells ◽  
Surface Failure ◽  
Production Wells ◽  
Oil Flow ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Wellbore Failure

This paper has reviewed the failure criteria that had been applied in the wellbore studies. Rock failure studies had applied in the wellbore and reservoir to establish the stability, which is a major problem in oil and gas wells. There problems are both in injection wells and production wells. In injection wells, fracturing is a problem and in production wells, sand production affects the oil flow rate. The stress state of the well determines the stability of the well using the failure criteria.Different failure criteria and their applications had been studied. The theory of the failure has expressed; then applied criteria, formulation and modification of different criteria is expressed for different wellbore studies. And finally the important aspects and differences in wellbore failure rather than the rock surface failure has been discussed.

Quantitative Analysis of the Effect of Perforation Interaction on Perforation Stability Using the Finite Element Method

SPE Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (05) ◽  
pp. 2234-2250
Author(s):  
Naoto Araki ◽  
Nobuo Morita
Keyword(s):  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Sand Production ◽  
Oil Flow

Summary Oil and gas reservoirs are normally completed as either openhole or perforated wells. Although a perforated well has hundreds of perforations, a single perforation is normally used for perforation interaction analysis, assuming the perforations are shot symmetrically and the stress state around a perforation is symmetric in both vertical and horizontal directions. However, for the single/double spiral perforations shot in inclined wells, no vertical and horizontal symmetry surfaces exist. The required elements for a multiperforation model are more than 10,000, which results in complex mesh generation and long computation time. In this study, we investigate perforation interaction to find the optimal perforation design that yields the highest productivity while maintaining mechanical stability. The practical implications of this work to the field are (1) the drawdown to cause perforation instability for gas flow is significantly less than oil flow. Therefore, when the gas flow becomes dominant either by enhanced oil recovery with CO2 or by low bottomhole flowing pressure below bubblepoint, the drawdown should be reduced to avoid sand production. (2) For inclined wells, the X-shaped staggered orientation perforations are the best pattern to delay onset of sand production without significantly reducing the well productivity. (3) For near-vertical wells, the conventional nonstaggered perforation pattern delays the onset of sand production due to the stress reduction in the vertical direction compared with the commonly used staggered perforation patterns.

scholarly journals Stability Analysis in Determining Safety Drilling Fluid Pressure Windows in Ice Drilling Boreholes

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3378
Author(s):  
Han Zhang ◽  
Dongbin Pan ◽  
Lianghao Zhai ◽  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Chen Chen
Keyword(s):  
Stability Analysis ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Drilling Fluid ◽  
Fluid Pressure ◽  
Failure Criteria ◽  
Borehole Wall ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Borehole Stability ◽  
Oil And Gas Exploration ◽  
The Stability

Borehole stability analysis has been well studied in oil and gas exploration when drilling through rock formations. However, a related analysis of ice borehole stability has never been conducted. This paper proposes an innovative method for estimating the drilling fluid pressure window for safe and sustainable ice drilling, which has never been put forward before. First, stress concentration on a vertical ice borehole wall was calculated, based on the common elastic theory. Then, three failure criteria, the Mogi–Coulomb, teardrop, and Derradji-Aouat criteria, were used to predict the stability of the ice borehole for an unbroken borehole wall. At the same time, fracture mechanics were used to analyze the stable critical pressure for a fissured wall. Combining with examples, our discussion shows how factors like temperature, strain rate, ice fracture toughness, ice friction coefficient, and fracture/crack length affect the stability of the borehole wall. The results indicate that the three failure criteria have similar critical pressures for unbroken borehole stability and that a fissured borehole could significantly decrease the safety drilling fluid pressure window and reduce the stability of the borehole. The proposed method enriches the theory of borehole stability and allows drillers to adjust the drilling fluid density validly in ice drilling engineering, for potential energy exploration in polar regions.

The Role of Elasto-Plasticity in Cavity Shape and Sand Production in Oil and Gas Wells

SPE Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 744-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haotian Wang ◽  
Mukul M. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Shear Failure ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Failure Criteria ◽  
Tensile Failure ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Sand Production ◽  
Plastic Properties ◽  
Cavity Shape ◽  
Failure Patterns

Summary Previous experimental observations have shown the formation of distinct failure patterns and cavity shapes under different stress and flow conditions. With isotropic stress, spiral failure patterns with localized shear bands are likely to form. On the other hand, under anisotropic stress, V-shaped cavities, dog-ear cavities, or slit-mode cavities are usually observed. However, the mechanisms for the development of these sanding cavities have not been fully articulated. In addition, to accurately predict the onset of sanding and to predict the sand-production rate, it is crucial to capture the physics of the formation of these cavities during sand production. This paper presents a fully coupled poro-elasto-plastic, 3D sand-production model for sand-production prediction around openhole and perforated wellbores in a weakly consolidated formation. Sanding criteria are based on a combination of shear failure, tensile failure, and compressive failure from the Mohr-Coulomb theory and strain-hardening/softening. After the failure criteria are met, an algorithm for the entrainment of the sand based on the calculation of hydrodynamic forces is implemented to predict sand erosion and transport. Dynamic mesh refinement has been implemented to effectively capture the strain-localization regions. The model has been validated with multiple analytical solutions. In addition, it is applied to compare with previous sand-production experiments that have explored the different cavity shapes formed under different conditions. The model is capable of not only explaining the mechanisms responsible for each type of cavity shape but also predicting the cavity shape that will be formed under a specific set of conditions. Parametric studies for these cases provide an additional insight into the important role that the post-yield, poro-elasto-plastic properties of the sand play in controlling the sanding mechanisms and cavity development. This allows us to predict, much more accurately, the onset of sanding and the sanding rate.

Lessons Learned from Optimising Sand Control and Management Strategies in a Low Permeability Sandstone Oil Field

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babalola Daramola ◽  
Chidubem Martins Alinnor
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Sand Production ◽  
Injection Wells ◽  
Well Integrity ◽  
Sand Control ◽  
Production Wells ◽  
Control And Management

Abstract This paper presents the lessons learned from optimising the sand control and management strategies of an oil field (Field E) after multiple sanding events and well failures. It presents how the old sand control solution was selected, the failure root causes, and the remediation options considered. The new sand control method, and the performance of two re-drilled wells after two years of production are also presented. Field E is a sandstone field with oil and gas-cap gas at initial conditions, and was initially developed with 5 production wells, 2 water injection wells, and 2 gas injection wells. The development wells were drilled from an offshore platform, and completed with stand-alone screens (SAS) in 2013. Oil production commenced in late 2013, and within three years, sand production was observed, and 4 of the 5 oil production wells had failed. The 4 wells were re-drilled in 2017, and the sand control strategy was changed from stand-alone screens to frac-packs. Key lessons learned include completing sand strength studies pre-development, avoiding off-the-shelf sand control solutions, and completing sand control design studies based on service contractor capability, fines control, oil production rates, and sand control as key selection factors. Nearby wells should be shut in during infill drilling operations to avoid short circuits, drilling mud losses, completions damage, and well integrity failures. It is recommended that the bean up procedures of wells with sanding events are changed to slow bean up to preserve well integrity, oil production, and cash revenues. The asset team should consider installing sliding sleeves or inflow control devices for zonal testing and to choke or close sand production zones if needed. The asset team should also consider installing a test pipeline and a test separator to allocate sand production volumes from each well, clean up new wells, sample the wells for water salinity measurements, and other benefits.

scholarly journals Economic Analysis of Gas Reinjection for Enhanced Oil Recovery: A Case Study of the Niger Delta

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-64
Author(s):  
Sampson, Ibinye E. ◽  
Akpabio, Julius U. ◽  
Anyadiagwu, Charles I.
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Enhanced Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Injection Wells ◽  
Production Wells

The instability of crude oil prices at the international market which results in revenue drop to oil and gas operators, the high cost of drilling multiple injection wells and installing gas reinjection systems in a bid to improve recovery of crude oil, have been of great concern to the Petroleum Industry. The Economic viability of Gas Reinjection for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) (as against the gas flaring operation) was analyzed with 7 wells located onshore, in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria. The production history and reservoir data were gathered with which the cost analyses were conducted. Two scenarios involving seven production wells were evaluated. The first was converting two of the production wells to gas injection wells and producing from the remaining 5 production wells (IN2PROD5) and the other was injecting gas in two newly drilled injection wells and producing from the seven production wells (INJ2PROD7). It was shown that (INJ2PROD5) is a preferred option in extending the productive life of an otherwise depleted and uneconomic oilfield, having higher Net Present Value (NPV), Profitability Index (PI) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of -$53MM, 0.93 and 27.40% while the INJ2PROD7 had $161MM, 1.39 and 37.75% at discounted rate of 30% respectively. After subjecting the expected net revenues under various crude oil price sensitivity market vagaries, INJ2PROD5 will stand the test of time as it is less expensive and yielded a higher gross profit which is the major factor in any investment decision making.

scholarly journals EFFICIENCY ESTIMATION OF THE FIGURE FLOODING METHOD

Neft i gaz ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3-4 (117-1118) ◽  
pp. 109-117
Author(s):  
K.T. BISSEMBAYEVA ◽  
◽  
A.K. BISSEMBAYEVA ◽  
B.N. KOILYBAYEV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
High Water ◽  
New Production ◽  
Injection Wells ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Production Wells ◽  
Efficiency Estimation ◽  
Water Cut

Methods of regulating the development of oil and gas fields play an important role in ensuring rational selection rates at the highest values of reservoir component recovery coefficients. The applied methods allowed the most rapid selection of recoverable oil reserves, but nevertheless, over time, many individual areas of the deposit were identified, whose reserves were developed at a low rate. Therefore, to improve the development of hard-to-recover reserves in these areas, zones, additional methods of influence are used by injecting a certain volume of water into the reservoir through new injection wells created by drilling them or transferring existing high-water wells for injection. At the same time, work is being carried out in existing wells to increase their productivity. This article discusses the application of figure flooding method as an additional method of regulating the development process of the Uzen deposit. The authors presented the results ДОБЫЧА 112 НЕФТЬ И ГАЗ 2020. 3–4 (117–118) of analysis of exploitation of oil areas of figure flooding. A study was conducted to identify the technological effect of the use of the figure flooding method. Figure flooding contributed to unsteady state fluid flow in reservoirs, which led to the reduction of water production wells before working intervals and also in some areas.This method hashad a positive impact on the development process by connecting new production intervals to the operation. The inclusion in the development of new productive formations and layers led to an increase in the flow rates of wells and oil production, as well as simultaneously to a decrease in the flow rates, liquid production and water cut. The quantitative assessment of efficiency was carried out by comparing the corresponding actualandcalculatedtechnological indicators.Thepaperpresentsanalyticalformulas thatwereused to calculate changes in the analyzed data in case there was no specified method. The calculated values of oil and liquid flow rates and water level of sections of the XIV and XV horizons were determined under the assumption that there would be no figure flooding. The results of calculations of technological indicators and processing of actual data, as well as the technological advantages of individual sections are presented. It is established that the use of shaped flooding in the complex will allow full connection to the work of new oil-saturated reservoirs, if new independent systems of arrangement are created to ensure the appropriate hydrodynamic parameters of pressure at the mouths and faces of injection and production wells

scholarly journals The Effect of Resin Injection on the Productivity of Shallow Sandstone Layer in Mawar Field

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catur Sunawan Balya ◽  
Muhammad Taufiq Fathaddin ◽  
Rachmat Sudibjo
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Sand Production ◽  
Oil And Gas Production ◽  
Resin Injection ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Production Problem ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Gravel Pack

<p>Mawar Field is located in North Kalimantan Province. The field has an unconsolidated sandstone layer which is located in Tarakan formation. Porosity of the layer is more than 20%, while permeability of that is between 100 mD and 1000 mD. The zone which is poorly cemented is a source of sand problem. This sand production has an effect on the stability of oil and gas production. Sand production results in the formation of channeling around cement bonding. Sand production problem can be reduced. To overcome the acidity of the shallow formation, it can be done in two ways, that is Gravel pack using propan and stimulation using resin where the sand will be retained behind the formation. In research that has been done using core data and produced sand samples where the results obtained information about the characteristics of sand in shallow zones so that the appropriate treatment method can be recommended that is stimulation with resin. In the use of this resin there will be a permeability reduction of 15% -27% and a maximum fow rate reduction of 20%.</p>

scholarly journals Small world and stability analysis of industrial coupling symbiosis network of ecological industrial park of oil and gas resource cities

2021 ◽  
pp. 014459872098361
Author(s):  
Yanqiu Wang ◽  
Zhengxin Sun ◽  
Pengtai Li ◽  
Zhiwei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Small World ◽  
Industrial Park ◽  
Sharp Change ◽  
Connected Subgraph ◽  
Network Efficiency ◽  
Complex Network Theory ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Agglomeration Coefficient

This paper analyzes the small cosmopolitan and stability of the industrial coupling symbiotic network of eco-industrial parks of oil and gas resource-based cities. Taking Daqing A Ecological Industrial Park as an example, we constructed the characteristic index system and calculated the topological parameters such as the agglomeration coefficient and the average shortest path length of the industrial coupling symbiotic network. Based on the complex network theory we analyzed the characteristics of the scaled world, constructed the adjacency matrix of material and information transfers between enterprises, drew the network topology diagram. We simulated the system analysis and analyzed the stability of the industrial coupling symbiotic network of the eco-industrial park using the network efficiency and node load and maximum connected subgraph. The analysis results are as follows: the small world degree δ of Daqing A Eco-industrial Park is 0.891, which indicates that the industrial coupled symbiotic network has strong small world characteristics; the average path is 1.268, and the agglomeration coefficient is 0.631. The probability of edge connection between two nodes in a symbiotic network is 63.1%, which has a relatively high degree of aggregation, indicating that energy and material exchanges are frequent among all enterprises in the network, the degree of network aggregation is high, and the dependence between nodes is high; when the tolerance parameter is 0 to 0.3, the network efficiency and the maximum connected subgraphs show a sharp change trend, indicating that the topology of the industrial coupling symbiotic network of the eco-industrial park changes drastically when the network is subjected to deliberate attacks. It is easy to cause the breakage of material flow and energy flow in the industrial park, which leads to the decline of the stability of the industrial coupling symbiotic network of the eco-industrial park.

scholarly journals Geothermal Boreholes in Poland—Overview of the Current State of Knowledge

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3251
Author(s):  
Tomasz Sliwa ◽  
Aneta Sapińska-Śliwa ◽  
Andrzej Gonet ◽  
Tomasz Kowalski ◽  
Anna Sojczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Geothermal Water ◽  
Laboratory System ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Injection Wells ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Geothermal Wells ◽  
Borehole Heat Exchangers

Geothermal energy can be useful after extraction from geothermal wells, borehole heat exchangers and/or natural sources. Types of geothermal boreholes are geothermal wells (for geothermal water production and injection) and borehole heat exchangers (for heat exchange with the ground without mass transfer). The purpose of geothermal production wells is to harvest the geothermal water present in the aquifer. They often involve a pumping chamber. Geothermal injection wells are used for injecting back the produced geothermal water into the aquifer, having harvested the energy contained within. The paper presents the parameters of geothermal boreholes in Poland (geothermal wells and borehole heat exchangers). The definitions of geothermal boreholes, geothermal wells and borehole heat exchangers were ordered. The dates of construction, depth, purposes, spatial orientation, materials used in the construction of geothermal boreholes for casing pipes, method of water production and type of closure for the boreholes are presented. Additionally, production boreholes are presented along with their efficiency and the temperature of produced water measured at the head. Borehole heat exchangers of different designs are presented in the paper. Only 19 boreholes were created at the Laboratory of Geoenergetics at the Faculty of Drilling, Oil and Gas, AGH University of Science and Technology in Krakow; however, it is a globally unique collection of borehole heat exchangers, each of which has a different design for identical geological conditions: heat exchanger pipe configuration, seal/filling and shank spacing are variable. Using these boreholes, the operating parameters for different designs are tested. The laboratory system is also used to provide heat and cold for two university buildings. Two coefficients, which separately characterize geothermal boreholes (wells and borehole heat exchangers) are described in the paper.

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