Istanbul Grand Bazaar Evacuation System Vulnerability Assessment

2010 ◽  
Vol 133-134 ◽  
pp. 611-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gül Yücel ◽  
Görün Arun
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Route Maintenance ◽  
System Vulnerability ◽  
Exit Route ◽  
Safety Evacuation ◽  
Evacuation Route ◽  
Evacuation System

The Grand Bazaar is a historical trade centre more than 500 years in the historical peninsula of Istanbul, Turkey. It consists of almost 3,600 small shops from different sectors (such as jewellery, carpet, leather, souvenir, finance, restaurant, café, confection etc.), two Bedesten, 64 street and 16 Han (inn) buildings. The Bazaar has 21 main gates that open to different streets and have different relation with outside. More than 25000 staff work in the shops and 300-500 thousand users come to Bazaar daily depending on the season and day. The pedestrian density is changeable, depending on the place of the inner street and the type of the sector. The historical disaster records (earthquake, dated 1766 and 1894, the grand bazaar fire, dated 1954) show that there was evacuation vulnerability. The main gates (exit doors) and exit route need some rehabilitation for safety evacuation during any disaster. The aim of this study is to evaluate the Grand Bazaar’s emergency evacuation vulnerability. The evacuation vulnerability factors question the width, length and natural illumination of the evacuation route, maintenance of the roof, presence of hazardous materials, door specifications as size, material, opening direction, maintenance and difference in elevation on the route and exit area such as staircase and thresholds.

scholarly journals Design and testing of a dynamic reactive signage network towards fire emergency evacuations

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 5853
Author(s):  
Christopher S. Baidal ◽  
Nestor X. Arreaga ◽  
Vladimir Sanchez Padilla
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Dijkstra Algorithm ◽  
Emergency Evacuations ◽  
Integration Of Technology ◽  
Evacuation Routes ◽  
Evacuation Route ◽  
Design And Testing ◽  
Evacuation System

The loss of several lives happens in events of natural disasters, due to the strength of nature or the static evacuation routes that usually directs towards a unique exit pathway. This paper proposes the integration of technology tools such as servers and open-source sensors into a reactive signage network to provide an updated and dynamical emergency evacuation system focusing specifically on fire situations. This pilot project works using microcontrollers that capture and manages into a server the surrounding information, setting evacuation routes and behaving according to the Dijkstra algorithm allowing the identification of obstacles or possible incidents that occur spontaneously during an evacuation. This process sends updates to the server either the evacuation route keeps the same or if a modification is required based on the information provided by the sensors about different areas, warning the shortest path for evacuation using computer vision support.

scholarly journals Embedded System Based Emergency Evacuation System

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1339-1342
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
The People ◽  
Safe Area ◽  
Safety Evacuation ◽  
Evacuation System

The complex nature of the internal environment of public buildings make us to think about how to protect people in the break-out of fire and quickly reach the safe area. With the help of Arduino and other components such as fire hydrants, fire extinguishers, safety evacuation symbols in buildings, the migration of the people can be dynamically monitored and controlled. Using Arduino, an intelligent dynamic evacuation path solving model for emergency evacuation system was built for large public buildings. When an emergency situation occurs, the system can help guide people to evacuate from building and reach the safe exit quickly, so as to reduce casualties and economic losses.

scholarly journals Urban Vulnerability Assessment for Pandemic Surveillance—The COVID-19 Case in Bogotá, Colombia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3402
Author(s):  
Jeisson Prieto ◽  
Rafael Malagón ◽  
Jonatan Gomez ◽  
Elizabeth León
Keyword(s):  
Vulnerability Assessment ◽  
Disease Transmission ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Vulnerability Index ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Global Citizens ◽  
Urban Vulnerability

A pandemic devastates the lives of global citizens and causes significant economic, social, and political disruption. Evidence suggests that the likelihood of pandemics has increased over the past century because of increased global travel and integration, urbanization, and changes in land use with a profound affectation of society–nature metabolism. Further, evidence concerning the urban character of the pandemic has underlined the role of cities in disease transmission. An early assessment of the severity of infection and transmissibility can help quantify the pandemic potential and prioritize surveillance to control highly vulnerable urban areas in pandemics. In this paper, an Urban Vulnerability Assessment (UVA) methodology is proposed. UVA investigates various vulnerability factors related to pandemics to assess the vulnerability in urban areas. A vulnerability index is constructed by the aggregation of multiple vulnerability factors computed on each urban area (i.e., urban density, poverty index, informal labor, transmission routes). This methodology is useful in a-priori evaluation and development of policies and programs aimed at reducing disaster risk (DRR) at different scales (i.e., addressing urban vulnerability at national, regional, and provincial scales), under diverse scenarios of resources scarcity (i.e., short and long-term actions), and for different audiences (i.e., the general public, policy-makers, international organizations). The applicability of UVA is shown by the identification of high vulnerable areas based on publicly available data where surveillance should be prioritized in the COVID-19 pandemic in Bogotá, Colombia.

scholarly journals The Optimization of Emergency Evacuation from Nuclear Accidents in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zou ◽  
Shuliang Zou ◽  
Changming Niu
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Nuclear Accidents ◽  
Diagram Method ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
Network Diagram ◽  
Traffic Capacity ◽  
Evacuation Route

An emergency evacuation route is an important component of emergency rescue of for nuclear accidents. A reasonable evacuation route can reduce evacuation times and protect people’s life. The evacuation route of the nuclear power plant is abstracted into a network diagram and a mathematical model of evacuation optimization route based on the graph theory and the parity of spot diagram method in this paper. Road traffic capacity and other external factors that may affect emergency evacuation are considered in the time weight factor for each road. Finally, an example is given to verify the feasibility of the model.

scholarly journals KELAYAKAN SISTEM EVAKUASI KAWASAN RAWAN BENCANA LETUSAN GUNUNG MERAPI DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN

Arsitektura ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dicky Setya Adi W ◽  
Kusumastuti Kusumastuti ◽  
Isti Andini
Keyword(s):  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Meeting Point ◽  
Evacuation Route ◽  
Evacuation System

<em>Evacuation system in Mount Merapi eruption area consist of evacuation component, such early warning system, meeting point, evacuation lane, evacuation route, barrack, communication and transportation. The role of the goverment is to give services for refugees who live in scenario evacuation area. But there are some constrains, for example damaged road, evacuation lane crossover the bridge, people don’t heard the early warning system and high density of barracks. Based on those phenomenons, this research objected is to measure the feasibility of Mount Merapi evacuation system in Sleman district by using qualitative and quantitative method. The results of this research, some of evacuation systems don’t have perfect score. Early warning system has score 49%,  meeting point score 96,2%, evacuation lane 88,7%, evacuation route 100%, barracks 60,7%, transportation and communication 51,8%. From that components, the average score is 75% which means the system of evacuation in Mount Merapi Eruption Area not feasible yet.</em>

IoT-based real time intelligent routing for emergent crowd evacuation

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 604-624
Author(s):  
Yanlan Mei ◽  
Ping Gui ◽  
Xianfeng Luo ◽  
Benbu Liang ◽  
Liuliu Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Emergency Evacuation ◽  
Guidance System ◽  
Programming Approach ◽  
Metro Station ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Crowd Evacuation ◽  
Evacuation Route

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to take advantage of Internet of Things (IoT) for intelligent route programming of crowd emergency evacuation in metro station. It is a novel approach to ensure the crowd safety and reduce the casualties in the emergency context. An evacuation route programming model is constructed to select a suitable evacuation route and support the emergency decision maker of metro station. Design/methodology/approach The IoT technology is employed to collect and screen information, and to construct an expert decision model to support the metro station manager to make decision. As a feasible way to solve the multiple criteria decision-making problem, an improved multi-attributive border approximation area comparison (MABAC) approach is introduced. Findings The case study indicates that the model provides valuable suggestions for evacuation route programming and offers practical support for the design of an evacuation route guidance system. Moreover, IoT plays an important role in the process of intelligent route programming of crowd emergency evacuation in metro station. A library has similar structure and crowd characteristics of a metro station, thus the intelligent route programming approach can be applied to the library crowd evacuation. Originality/value The highlights of this paper are listed as followings: the accuracy and accessibility of the metro station’s real-time information are improved by integrating IoT technology with the intelligent route programming of crowd emergency evacuation. An improved MABAC approach is introduced to the expert support model. It promotes the applicability and reliability of decision making for emergency evacuation route selection in metro station. It is a novel way to combine the decision-making methods with practice.

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