Cure and Dynamic-Mechanical Behaviors of Vinyl Ester Resinfilled with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

2010 ◽  
Vol 150-151 ◽  
pp. 1413-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Yan Chen ◽  
Zhen Xing Kong ◽  
Ji Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Cure Kinetics ◽  
Crosslinking Density ◽  
Vinyl Ester Resin ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

The cure kinetics of Derakane 411-350, a kind of vinyl ester resin, and its suspensions containing multi-walled carbon nanotubes( MWCNTs) were investigated via non-isothermal dynamic scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. The results showed that incorporation of MWCNTs into vinyl ester resin excessively reduces polymerization degree and crosslinking density of vinyl ester resin. For suppressing the negative effect caused by nanotubes, the higher temperature initiator combined with the initiator MEKP was used. Dynamic-mechanical Behavior testing was then carried out on the cured sample in order to relate the curing behavior of MWCNTs modified resin suspensions to mechanical response of their resulting nanocomposites. It was revealed that nanocomposites containing MWCNTs possessed larger storage modulus values as well as higher glass transition temperatures (Tg) as compared to those without MWCNTs after using mixed intiators system to improve the degree of cure.

scholarly journals Mechanical And Thermal Behavior of Carbon Nanotubes/Vinyl Ester Nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 735-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Cotet ◽  
Marian Bastiurea ◽  
Gabriel Andrei ◽  
Alina Cantaragiu ◽  
Anton Hadar
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Vinyl Ester Resin ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) and multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT)/ vinyl ester nanocomposites with three different contents of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been prepared by the simple melt-compounding method. A fine and homogeneous dispersion of CNTs throughout vinyl ester resin has been noticed by SEM images. Two mechanical tests (compression and three point bending test) show that, compared to neat vinyl ester resin, compression modulus and compression strength of the nanocomposites have been significantly improved by about 9% and 14%, respectively, when incorporating only 0.15 wt.% MWCNTs. Furthermore, thermal behavior of SWCNT and MWCNT/ vinyl ester nanocomposites has been investigated and discussed based on differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermo- mechanical analysis (TMA). Glass transition temperature (Tg) and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) have been increased and decreased, respectively, with increasing of CNTs content.

Compression Moulding of Thermoplastic Nanocomposites Filled with MWCNT

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 611-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Quadrini ◽  
Denise Bellisario ◽  
Loredana Santo ◽  
Felicia Stan ◽  
Fetecau Catalin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Filler Content ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Compression Moulding ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Multi-walled carbon-nanotubes (MWCNTs) were melt-mixed with three different thermoplastic matrices (polypropylene, PP, polycarbonate, PC, and thermoplastic polyurethane, TPU) to produce nanocomposites with three different filler contents (1, 3, and 5 wt.%). Initial nanocomposite blends (in the shape of pellets) were tested under differential scanning calorimetry to evaluate the effect of the melt mixing stage. Nanocomposite samples were produced by compression moulding in a laboratory-scale system, and were tested with quasi-static (bending, indentation), and dynamic mechanical tests as well as with friction tests. The results showed the effect of the filler content on the mechanical and functional properties of the nanocomposites. Compression moulding appeared to be a valuable solution to manufacture thermoplastic nanocomposites when injection moulding leads to loss of performance. MWCNT-filled thermoplastics could be used also for structural and functional uses despite, the present predominance of electrical applications.

Characterization of Vinyl Ester/Jute Fiber Bio-Composites in the Presence of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

2017 ◽  
Vol 730 ◽  
pp. 221-225
Author(s):  
Mohamed Bassyouni ◽  
Shereen M.S. Abdel-Hamid ◽  
Mohamed H. Abdel-Aziz ◽  
M.Sh. Zoromba
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Storage Modulus ◽  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Fiber Reinforcements ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

In this study, vinyl ester –Jute fiber biocomposites were prepared using vacuum-assisted resin infusion (VARI) process. Woven Jute fibers were used with mass fraction 0.68. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are added to the resin with weight ratio 0.5: 99.5 to investigate the thermo-mechanical properties of bio-composites. Storage and loss modulus of vinyl ester bio-composites were investigated in the presence MWCNTs over a range of temperature (25 to 160 oC) to measure the capacity of bio-composite to store and dissipate energy. Damping properties of vinyl ester bio-composites were studied in terms of tan (d). Viscoelastic test using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) showed that the glass transition temperature increases with the addition of MWCNTs up to 112.4 oC. Addition of jute fiber reinforcements improves the storage modulus value of vinyl ester more than 65% at room temperature. Significant improvement in storage modulus was found in the presence of MWCNTs.

scholarly journals Chitosan Grafted Carbon Nanotubes Reinforced Vinyl Ester/UPE Blend Based Partially Bio-Nanocomposite

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (9) ◽  
pp. 1943-1948
Author(s):  
Priyabrata Mohanty ◽  
Tapan Kumar Bastia ◽  
Dibakar Behera ◽  
Shivkumari Panda
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Enhanced Properties ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

This work represents the preparation and characterization of some unique properties of vinyl ester (VE) and unsaturated polyester (UPE) blend based nanocomposites by introducing biopolymer chitosan grafted multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Initially, surface grafting of MWCNTs with chitosan was performed by utilizing glutaraldehyde as a cross linking reagent through covalent deposition method and are successfully characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). Then 50:50 wt % of vinyl ester and unsaturated polyester blend was prepared by simple sonication method. Three different specimens of VE/UPE/CS-g-MWCNTs nanocomposites were fabricated with addition of 1, 3 and 5 wt % of functionalized bionanofiller. Chitosan grafting of MWCNTs offered enhanced properties to the nanocomposites suggesting homogeneous distribution of the nanofiller in the matrix with minimum corrosion and swelling properties. 3 wt % of functionalized bionanofiller loading showed superior essential characteristics and after that the properties reduced may be due to the nucleating tendency of the nanofiller particles.

scholarly journals Structure and Mechanical Properties of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes-Filled Isotactic Polypropylene Composites Treated by Pressurization at Different Rates

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoting Li ◽  
Wenxia Jia ◽  
Beibei Dong ◽  
Huan Yuan ◽  
Fengmei Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Isotactic Polypropylene ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Pressurization Rate ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Isotactic polypropylene filled with 1 wt.% multi-walled carbon nanotubes (iPP/MWCNTs) were prepared, and their crystallization behavior induced by pressurizing to 2.0 GPa with adjustable rates from 2.5 to 1.3 × 104 MPa/s was studied. The obtained samples were characterized by combining wide angle X-ray diffraction, small angle X-ray scattering, differential scanning calorimetry, transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy techniques. It was found that pressurization is a simple way to prepare iPP/MWCNTs composites in mesophase, γ-phase, or their blends. Two threshold pressurization rates marked as R1 and R2 were identified, while R1 corresponds to the onset of mesomorphic iPP formation. When the pressurization rate is lower than R1 only γ-phase generates, with its increasing mesophase begins to generate and coexist with γ-phase, and if it exceeds R2 only mesophase can generate. When iPP/MWCNTs crystallized in γ-phase, compared with the neat iPP, the existence of MWCNTs can promote the nucleation of γ-phase, leading to the formation of γ-crystal with thicker lamellae. If iPP/MWCNTs solidified in mesophase, MWCNTs can decrease the growth rate of the nodular structure, leading to the formation of mesophase with smaller nodular domains (about 9.4 nm). Mechanical tests reveal that, γ-iPP/MWCNTs composites prepared by slow pressurization display high Young’s modulus, high yield strength and high elongation at break, and meso-iPP/MWCNTs samples have excellent deformability because of the existence of nodular morphology. In this sense, the pressurization method is proved to be an efficient approach to regulate the crystalline structure and the properties of iPP/MWCNTs composites.

An Investigation of Carbon Nanotube Dispersion in Vinyl Ester Resin Using Mechanical, Thermal and Statistical Techniques

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Morteza Sabet ◽  
Hassan Mahfuz ◽  
Javad Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Nanoparticle Concentration ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Carbon Nanotube Dispersion ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Sonication Parameters

The inclusion of 0.25 and 0.5 wt.% functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into a vinyl ester (VE) resin has been studied. To investigate the effect of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) dispersion, the sonication process has been performed under a variety of parameters including mixing time and sonication amplitude. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and 3-point flexural testing methods have been employed to explore the thermo-mechanical properties of materials. Differential scanning calorimetry results show up to 13°C increase in the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the VE polymer by introducing 0.25 wt.% CNTs with a total sonication energy of 60 KJ. It is also established that the flexural modulus of the polymer can be improved up to 24%. An array indentation technique has been used to evaluate the hardness and elastic modulus variations in the regions of nanoparticle concentration. The resulting variations along the indentation array have been statistically studied using three-parameter Weibull distribution. Based on the resulting dispersion conditions, the optimum sonication parameters and nanoparticle concentration have been determined.

Effect of Carbon Nanotubes Content on the Structure and Photo-Oxidation Behaviors of Polypropylene

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 1222-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Lian ◽  
Hong Mei Wang ◽  
Dian Wu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Oxidation Time ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Photo Oxidation ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbonyl Formation ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Polypropylene (PP) nanocomposites with 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 0.8, 1.0 and 2.0 wt% multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MW-CNTs) were prepared via meltcompounding in a twin-screw extruder followed by injection molding. The effects of MW-CNTs additions on the structure, mechanical and photo-oxidation behavior of PP were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile tests and FT-IR apparatus. XRD results showed that only α-PP crystals form in the PP/MW-CNTs composites. DSC results confirmed that the corporation of MW-CNTs enhanced the nucleation process on PP crystallization. Results of the tensile tests showed that before photo-oxidation, the tensile strengths of the samples increased with the increase of MW-CNTs contents when the MW-CNTs contents were less than 1% wt, whilst the tensile strength decreased at higher MW-CNTs contents (>1% wt). When subjected to photo-oxidation, the tensile strengths of the samples decreased with the increasing photo-oxidation time. The resistance to accelerated photo-oxidation of PP/MW-CNTs composites was also compared with the photo-oxidation behaviour of the original polypropylene sample. At short photo-oxidation time, such as under 250 h, the rates of carbonyl formation for the PP/MW-CNTs composites are similar to that observed for the original polypropylene but at longer photo-oxidation times the carbonyl formation increases for lower MW-CNTs contents (0.1, 0.2, 0.5 and 0.8% wt), and decreases for higher MW-CNTs contents (1 and 2% wt). It was found that the MW-CNTs showed both anti-degradation and pro-degradation effects at different concentrations.

Effects of Carbon Nanotube Functionalization on the Mechanical Properties of Vinyl Ester Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 2315-2318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Yan Chen ◽  
Hua Bo Huang ◽  
Ji Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Vinyl Ester ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Vinyl Ester Resin ◽  
Chemical Functionalization ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Chemically functionalized muliti-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/vinyl ester resin (VE) nanocomposites were prepared. MWCNTs were first treated by H2SO4/HNO3 acid mixture, and then carboxylated MWCNTs were grafted of methacrylic acid glycidyl ester (GMA). Raman microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses proved the effectivenss of acid-treatment and chemical functionalization. Furthermore, chemical functionalization did not greatly disrupt carbon nanotubes structure and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed that there was a GMA thin layer on the MWCNTs surface, which contributes to the homogenous dispersion of MWCNTs in vinyl ester resin matrix and the CNTs-VE interfacial interaction. Thus the nanocomposites containing MWCNT-GMA possess larger storage modulus values as well as higher glass transition temperatures (Tg).

Electrospun Polymer/MWCNTs Nanofiber Reinforced Composites “Improvement of Interfacial Bonding by Surface Modified Nanofibers”

2009 ◽  
Vol 1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Ozden ◽  
Yusuf Ziya Menceloglu ◽  
Melih Papila
Keyword(s):  
Storage Modulus ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Crosslinking Agent ◽  
Weight Fraction ◽  
Crosslinking Density ◽  
Interfacial Bonding ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes

AbstractIn-house synthesized copolymers Polystyrene-co-glycidyl methacrylate (PSt-co-GMA) are electrospun as mat of surface modified nanofibers with and without multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Composites are then formed by embedding layers of the nanofiber mats into epoxy resin. Interfacial bonding between polymer matrix and the nanofibers, and surface modification driven enhancement in mechanical response is assessed under flexural loads. Results indicate that at elevated temperture storage modulus of epoxy reinforced by PSt-co-GMA nanofibers and PSt-co-GMA/ MWCNTs composite nanofibers is about 10 and 20 times higher than the neat epoxy, respectively, despite weight fraction of the nanofibers being as low as 2%. Interfacial interaction is revealed by the storage modulus comparison of unmodified Polystyrene (PSt) and modified PSt-co-GMA nanofiber reinforced composite. To enhance further the resulting “crosslinked” structure, crosslinking agent ethylenediamine is also sprayed on the nanofibrous mats. Increased crosslinking density improves mechanical response of sprayed-over PSt-co-GMA nanofibers reinforced composites which is about 4 times higher than plain PSt-co-GMA nanofibers.

Study on Preparation and Properties of Hyperbranched Polyurethane/Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Ning Sun ◽  
Jun Chao Wang ◽  
Chun Yun Feng ◽  
Yi Biao Li ◽  
Shao Hua Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Hyperbranched Polyurethane ◽  
Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Walled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Better Than

With the Grafting to method, the hyperbranched polyurethane/multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites (MWNT-HBPU) was prepared. The reaction mechanism was covalently grafting hyperbranched polyurethane to multi-walled carbon nanotubes,through the reaction of the isocyanate groups of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT-NCO) and the hydroxyl groups of homemade hyperbranched polyurethane (HBPU). The structure and properties of the composites was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), Thermal gravimetric analysis (TG) and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The test results of FT-IR and TG showed that the prepared product was MWNT-HBPU; the DSC results demonstrated that the glass transition temperature of HBPU was significantly increased from 91.9°C to more than 99.7°C by the addition of MWNT-HBPU; the dispersion of the MWNT-HBPU was much better than the pure MWNT in solvents, such as N, N-dimethylformamide , Dimethyl sulfoxide etc.

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