Thermal Degradation of Flame Retardant Cotton Cellulose

2010 ◽  
Vol 168-170 ◽  
pp. 380-383
Author(s):  
Ming Gao ◽  
Fa Chao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index

Cellulose treated with flame retardant was studied by thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), limiting oxygen index (LOI) and IR. The kinetic parameters for the thermal degradation are obtained following the method of Broido. For the flame retardant cellulose, the activation energy and decomposition temperature were much decreased while char yield and LOI were increased. The main thermal decomposition of the samples with higher LOI occurs at lower temperatures, while that with lower LOI occurs at higher temperatures.

Fire Retardant Cellulose Characterized by Thermal Degradation Behavior

2011 ◽  
Vol 197-198 ◽  
pp. 631-634
Author(s):  
Ming Gao ◽  
Yu Qing Yan
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Degradation Behavior ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Thermal Degradation Behavior

Cellulose treated with fire retardant was studied by thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and limiting oxygen index (LOI). The kinetic parameters for the thermal degradation are obtained following the method of Broido. For the fire retardant cellulose, the activation energy and decomposition temperature were much decreased while char yield and LOI were increased. The main thermal decomposition of the samples with higher LOI occurs at lower temperatures, while that with lower LOI occurs at higher temperatures.

Application of Calculus Equation in Solving Thermal Decomposition Kinetics Parameters of Flame Retardant Wood

2014 ◽  
Vol 983 ◽  
pp. 190-193
Author(s):  
Cai Yun Sun ◽  
Yong Li Yang ◽  
Ming Gao
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Thermal Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Parameters

Wood has been treated with amino resins and amino resins modified with phosphoric acid to impart flame retardancy. The thermal degradation of samples has been studied by thermogravimetry (TG) in air. From the resulting data, kinetic parameters for different stages of thermal degradation are obtained following the method of Broido. For the decomposition of wood and flame retardant wood, the activation energy is found to decrease from 122 to 72 kJmol-1.

scholarly journals An Effective Method for Preparation of Liquid Phosphoric Anhydride and Its Application in Flame Retardant Epoxy Resin

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 2205
Author(s):  
Qian Li ◽  
Yujie Li ◽  
Yifan Chen ◽  
Qiang Wu ◽  
Siqun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Epoxy Resins ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
The Impact

A novel liquid phosphorous-containing flame retardant anhydride (LPFA) with low viscosity was synthesized from 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO) and methyl tetrahydrophthalic anhydride (MeTHPA) and further cured with bisphenol-A epoxy resin E-51 for the preparation of the flame retardant epoxy resins. Both Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), mass spectrometry (MS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements revealed the successful incorporation of DOPO on the molecular chains of MeTHPA through chemical reaction. The oxygen index analysis showed that the LPFA-cured epoxy resin exhibited excellent flame retardant performance, and the corresponding limiting oxygen index (LOI) value could reach 31.2%. The UL-94V-0 rating was achieved for the flame retardant epoxy resin with the phosphorus content of 2.7%. With the addition of LPFA, the impact strength of the cured epoxy resins remained almost unchanged, but the flexural strength gradually increased. Meanwhile, all the epoxy resins showed good thermal stability. The glass transition temperature (Tg) and thermal decomposition temperature (Td) of epoxy resin cured by LPFA decreased slightly compared with that of MeTHPA-cured epoxy resin. Based on such excellent flame retardancy, low viscosity at room temperature and ease of use, LPFA showed potential as an appropriate curing agent in the field of electrical insulation materials.

scholarly journals On the nature of crystallization water using thermal analysis. - The application to some hydrates with different cations

1999 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 737-744
Author(s):  
Lucia Odochian ◽  
Magdelena Pantea ◽  
Irina Calugareanu ◽  
Dana Ionescu ◽  
Olga Vicol
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Compensation Effect ◽  
Crystallization Water ◽  
Water Elimination ◽  
Thermogravimetric Data ◽  
Dta Analysis ◽  
Derivative Thermogravimetry

The nature of the crystallization water in some hydrates with different cations, namely: MnSO4?H2O; FeSO4?7H2O; CoSO4?7H2O; NiSO4?7H2O, has been studied by the application of the following non-isothermal techniques: thermogravimetry (TG), derivative thermogravimetry (DTG), and differential thermal analysis (DTA). Analysis of the characteristic thermogravimetric data (Tm, W ) and of the kinetic parameters (n, Ea) calculated from DTG and DTA data - with CuSO4?5H2O as a reference - demonstrated the existence of crystallization and anionwater in the studiedhydrates. The activation energy of the process of anion water elimination does not depend on the nature of the cation. This conclusion was confirmed by the absence of the compensation effect in this process.

Flammability and Mechanical Properties of Toughened Phenolic Foams Containing APP, MP and MCA

2013 ◽  
Vol 671-674 ◽  
pp. 1809-1812
Author(s):  
Shao Hong Xu ◽  
Xiao Yu Sui ◽  
Zheng Zhou Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Melamine Cyanurate ◽  
Melamine Phosphate

Flammability of toughened phenolic (PF) foams containing ammonium polyphosphate (APP), melamine phosphate (MP) or melamine cyanurate(MCA) was studied by limiting oxygen index (LOI). The LOI values show that APP or MP is an effient flame retardant than MCA in the toughened PF foams. The thermal decomposition and mechanical properties of the phenolic foams were also investigated.

Note: Differential thermal analysis and limiting oxygen index of papyrus and its treatment with fire retardants

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-146
Author(s):  
H. Abdel-Hamid ◽  
A. El-Engibawy ◽  
E. S. H. El-Ashry ◽  
A. Khairy
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Fire Retardants ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index

scholarly journals Thermal and kinetic analysis of pure and contaminated ionic liquid: 1-butyl-2.3-dimethylimidazolium chloride (BDMIMCl)

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayyaz Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Kinetic Analysis ◽  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Abstract In this research work, thermal decomposition and kinetic analysis of pure and contaminated imidazolium based ionic liquid (IL) has been investigated. As thermal decomposition and kinetics evaluation plays a pivotal role in effective process design. Therefore, thermal stability of pure 1-butyl-2,3-dimethylimidazolium chloride (BDMIMCl) was found to be higher than the sample of IL with the addition of 20% (wt.) NH4Cl as an impurity. The activation energy of thermal degradation of IL and other kinetic parameters were determined using Coats Redfern method. The activation energy for pure IL was reduced in the presence of NH4Cl as contaminant i.e., from 58.7 kJ/mol to 46.4 kJ/mol.

scholarly journals Flame Retardant Properties and Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene with Halogen and Halogen-Free Flame Retardant System

2022 ◽  
Vol 2160 (1) ◽  
pp. 012031
Author(s):  
Xiangdong Zhu ◽  
Yijun Chen ◽  
Chongguang Zang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Compound System ◽  
Thermal Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Flame Retardant Properties ◽  
Halogen Free

Abstract In this study, to improve the flame retardancy properties of polypropylene, DBDPE/Sb2O3 and DBDPE/HBCD/Sb2O3 flame retardant systems were used for flame retardant PP, and a halogen-free flame retardant PP material was prepared using the one-component intumescent flame retardant PNP1D. Tensile tests, impact tests, ultimate oxygen index, UL94V-0 vertical combustion, thermogravimetric analysis, rheological analysis and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the flame retardant properties and mechanical properties of the flame retardant PP. The test results show that both the ultimate oxygen index of DBDPE/Sb2O3 compounded flame retardant PP and the ultimate oxygen index of PNP1D flame retardant PP are nearly double that of pure PP, passing the UL-94V-0 flame retardant standard. The thermal decomposition temperature range of DBDPE/Sb2O3 compounded system and the thermal decomposition temperature range of PNP1D flame retardant PP both completely cover the thermal decomposition temperature range of both the DBDPE/Sb2O3 compound system and PNP1D flame retardant PP completely covered the thermal decomposition temperature range of pure PP. The tensile and impact strength of the DBDPE/Sb2O3 flame retardant system with 10% SK-80 is 50% higher than that of the DBDPE/Sb2O3 flame retardant system without SK-80. The modified PP with 25% PNP1D is nearly 1 time higher than pure PP in terms of carbon formation and has an ideal flame retardant effect.

scholarly journals Understanding thermal decomposition kinetics of flame-retardant thermoset polylactic acid

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 3128-3139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihan Li ◽  
Zhe Qiang ◽  
Xie Chen ◽  
Jie Ren
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Decomposition Kinetics ◽  
Ozawa Method ◽  
Local Activation ◽  
Local Activation Energy ◽  
Kinetics Of

The Flynn–Wall–Ozawa method was applied to study the local activation energy of flame retardant thermoset PLA, and the results showed that with an increase of conversion of thermal degradation, the local activation energy was increased slowly.

Study on Thermal Decomposition Characteristics of Magnesium Salt Flame Retardants

2014 ◽  
Vol 915-916 ◽  
pp. 1058-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Hua Xie ◽  
Rui Feng Ma
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Magnesium Salt ◽  
Combustible Gas ◽  
Optimization Parameters

Magnesium salt flame retardant is a new filler flame retardant agent, and can release the water and absorb the latent heat during the thermal decomposition, which can effectively inhibit the polymers decomposition and cool the combustible gas generated in the case of fire. In this paper, the magnesium salt flame retardant is synthesized in different conditions. Then the thermal decomposition features of the magnesium salt flame retardants with the smallest particle diameters are characterized by using thermogravimetric analysis and differential thermal analysis. Finally, on the basis of this analysis, optimization parameters for preparing the magnesium salt flame retardant with good thermal decomposition performance are obtained, which may be helpful for guiding the preparation of high-performance magnesium salt flame retardants and providing a beneficial reference.

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