Optimization of Cooling System of Linac Collinear Load

2011 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 2272-2275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gui Xiang Xu ◽  
Lian Guan Shen ◽  
Zhao Shu ◽  
Yuan Sun ◽  
Yuan Ji Pei
Keyword(s):  
Linear Accelerator ◽  
Thermal Deformation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Frequency Change ◽  
Small Shift ◽  
Accelerating Structure ◽  
Absorbing Material ◽  
Waveguide Type ◽  
Operation Frequency

Collinear load, coating with microwave-absorbing material, determined to linear accelerator (LINAC) to absorb the remnant power. It forms a part of actual accelerating structure and substitutes for traditional waveguide-type load to make the accelerating structure compacter and size smaller. In order to guarantee operational reliability, it is necessary to keep the operation frequency of cavities of the collinear load at 2856MHz and at a small shift. An approach utilized to accurately evaluate the frequency change caused by non-uniform thermal deformation is presented and a strategy for optimizing its cooling system is also described simultaneously. A six-cavity collinear load, coated with FeSiAl alloy, is researched. The results show that the frequency shift of cavities of the collinear load can be controlled within -56~35kHz, when it runs on 2856MHz and 2π/3 mode and the structure of its cooling system becomes much more compact and economic.

scholarly journals Design and thermal characteristic analysis of motorized spindle cooling system

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 168781402110208
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Lifeng Wang ◽  
Yaodong Zhang ◽  
Yongde Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Thermal Deformation ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Thermal Characteristic ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Motorized Spindle ◽  
Experiment And Simulation

The thermal deformation of high-speed motorized spindle will affect its reliability, so fully considering its thermal characteristics is the premise of optimal design. In order to study the thermal characteristics of high-speed motorized spindles, a coupled model of thermal-flow-structure was established. Through experiment and simulation, the thermal characteristics of spiral cooling motorized spindle are studied, and the U-shaped cooled motorized spindle is designed and optimized. The simulation results show that when the diameter of the cooling channel is 7 mm, the temperature of the spiral cooling system is lower than that of the U-shaped cooling system, but the radial thermal deformation is greater than that of the U-shaped cooling system. As the increase of the channel diameter of U-shaped cooling system, the temperature and radial thermal deformation decrease. When the diameter is 10 mm, the temperature and radial thermal deformation are lower than the spiral cooling system. And as the flow rate increases, the temperature and radial thermal deformation gradually decrease, which provides a basis for a reasonable choice of water flow rate. The maximum error between experiment and simulation is 2°C, and the error is small, which verifies the accuracy and lays the foundation for future research.

scholarly journals RCM 3 Methodology Application to Armored Military Vehicle Cooling System

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-60
Author(s):  
Filipe Silva ◽  
Énio Chambel ◽  
Virginia Infante ◽  
Luís Andrade Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Asset Management ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Right Censored Data ◽  
Armored Vehicles ◽  
Maintenance Plan

The ultimate goal of developing the future of Reliability Centered Maintenance is to introduce the RCM3 methodology, applied in this article to the cooling system of high-performance military armored vehicles fleet, used in current operation theaters. This methodology is not only more advanced and aligned with the international standards for physical asset management and risk management, but also allows users to fully understand and quantify the associated risks, focused on the reliability of the systems. The case study aims to obtain a proposed maintenance plan to the vehicle’s cooling system. Methods such as the distribution of Weibull applied to reliability and Right Censored Data, were used for the calculation of MTBF (Mean Time Between Failures). The results of the study confirm the possibility of using the proposed methodology to evaluate the operational reliability of the high-performance military armored vehicles fleet in any armed forces. The maintenance plan obtained with RCM3 proves to be more suitable and capable of reducing the risk associated with the system failure modes.

A Study on the Characteristics of a Vibrator Using Flat PCB-Coil

2013 ◽  
Vol 392 ◽  
pp. 738-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyung Sik Kim ◽  
Sang Pyo Hong ◽  
Mi Hyun Choi ◽  
Hyun Joo Kim ◽  
In Hwa Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vibration Amplitude ◽  
Printed Circuit Board ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Sine Wave ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Frequency Change ◽  
Tactile Stimulator ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Fiberglass Cloth

In this study, we developed and evaluateda vibrator using a flat PCB-coil. The flat PCB-coil vibrator was fabricated on a printed circuit board using and etching process. The spiral pattern was etched on a fiberglass cloth with an epoxy resin. To evaluatethe flat PCB-coil vibrator, we generated a sine wave, saw-tooth, and square wave through a custom made wave generator and amplified the waveforms using a power amplifier. A three-axis accelerometer was used to evaluate the performance of the developed vibrator. Even though the developed vibrator is simple, it has a wide range of vibration frequency (50~500 Hz) and vibration amplitude (0~5 V). The vibration amplitude does not change due to frequency change. It is expected that the developed vibrator can be used in a wide variety of applications such as in a tactile stimulator, in elastography, energy harvesting, and in a cooling system.

Cooling System of Zinc Roofed House by Using Circulated Water

2014 ◽  
Vol 935 ◽  
pp. 84-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosdi Ab Rahman ◽  
Masiri Kaamin ◽  
Amir Khan Suwandi ◽  
Mohd Jahaya Kesot ◽  
Norah Mohd Zan
Keyword(s):  
Water Temperature ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Exchange Process ◽  
Free Fall ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Heat Transfer Process ◽  
Economic Reason ◽  
Heat Exchange Process ◽  
Absorbing Material

Most traditional village houses uses corrugated zinc roofing due to economic reason. Thermal discomfort will result as zinc is a highly heat absorbing material. The space under the zinc covering will experience significant temperature increase proportional to the amount of supplied heat from sunlight, and this will further be aggravated if the ventilation is poor. The purpose of this study is to determine an alternative method to lower the temperature inside a zinc covered house. The proposed method is by splashing water throughout the area of the zinc roofing, where heat exchange process will occur upon contact. The process will dissipate heat from the zinc but will increase the water temperature. Heated water will then free fall by gravity into a tank through perforated tube with very fine aperture, as water droplet. By the same heat transfer process, ambient air will lower the water temperature, which will be recirculation back to the roof. To facilitate higher rate of water cooling, fan will be provided. The tests show the system was able to lower the temperature of the zinc covered house, and can reduce cost of cooling, thus suitable for low income rural population in Malaysia.

scholarly journals Parameter Optimization of Hole-Slot-Type Magnetron for Controlling Resonant Frequency of Linear Accelerator 6 MeV by Reverse Engineering Technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2384
Author(s):  
Nattawat Yachum ◽  
Somjai Chunjarean ◽  
Nilaped Russamee ◽  
Jiraphon Srisertpol
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Reverse Engineering ◽  
Parameter Optimization ◽  
Linear Accelerator ◽  
Coordinate Measuring Machine ◽  
Dominant Mode ◽  
Frequency Change ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Engineering Technique ◽  
Measuring Machine

This paper presents the parameter optimization of a twelve-hole-slot-type magnetron based on a reverse engineering technique to improve a 6-MeV linear accelerator (LINAC) operation for fruit sterilization. The magnetron structural dimensions are measured by a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) that has tolerance on a dimension of 0.5 µm to analyze the resonant frequency with a desired operating point of the magnetron in the dominant mode. There are two methods of analysis using a proper parameter for the magnetron operation. The first method is mathematical model analysis of an equivalent resonant parallel circuit. The other is 3D-model drawing of the magnetron based on particle-in-cell (PIC) using computer simulation technology microwave studio (CST). The results are demonstrated by the position of the resonant frequency of each mode of operation, and the radius and tuner slot distance of a cavity within the structures of the magnetron cause a resonant frequency change. The suitable parameters of the voltage and magnetic field supply are desired to control a resonant frequency at 2.9982 GHz by using the Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy logic control (FLC) algorithm to control a resonant frequency at 2.9982 GHz. The results of the FLC algorithm application show that the LINAC can produce X-rays with a constant dose rate for an hour with a disturbance in the range of 38 to 42 °C temperature and 1 × 10−9 to 5 × 10−8 torr vacuum pressure.

Reliability optimization design of deformation of CNC lathe spindle considering thermal effect

2021 ◽  
pp. 1748006X2199538
Author(s):  
Haiyang Liu ◽  
Yimin Zhang ◽  
Changyou Li ◽  
Jianguo Gu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Effect ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Thermal Deformation ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Machining Accuracy ◽  
Deformation Model ◽  
Reliability Model ◽  
Cnc Lathe

Angular contact ball bearings are widely used in the field of rotating machinery due to their obvious advantages such as relatively good positioning accuracy, high speed rotating performance and low cost, which have already become the most important transmission components. The heterogeneous thermal deformation caused by the high speed effect of bearing parts will lead to excessive noise and even gluing, which can further significantly reduce the machining accuracy of machine tool. Therefore, it is vital to improve the deformation resisting capability and operational reliability of the whole system. For this purpose, this paper presents a reliability model for computerized numerical control (CNC) lathe spindle by considering thermal effect. A five-degree-of-freedom quasi-static model considering thermal deformation is firstly proposed to calculate contact load and contact angle. Then the transient thermal network method is used to solve the temperature value of multi-node spindle-bearing system, and the validity of the proposed model is verified by experiments at different speeds. Next the modified first-order and second-moment method (FOSM) is used to calculate the reliability and reliability sensitivity of CNC lathe spindle deformation model considering thermal effect. Finally, the constrained nonlinear optimization method for the reliability model is proposed and applied to CNC lathe spindle. The results show that the reliability of the optimized model is significantly improved and the reliability robustness is enhanced.

Design and Simulation of Solenoid for Buncher of a Linear Accelerator

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Ebrahimi Basabi ◽  
Feryidoon Abbasi Davani
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Linear Accelerator ◽  
Longitudinal Magnetic Field ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Heat Power ◽  
Light Velocity ◽  
Considerable Fraction ◽  
Applied Forces ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Set Up

One of the most important components of a linac is buncher. Throughout most of the buncher, the electrons are well forward of the crest and have velocities considerably less than light velocity, thus they are in a region of radial defocusing and a considerable fraction of the beam will be lost unless defocusing action is counteracted by some other applied forces. The simplest way to do this is to set up a longitudinal magnetic field which interacts with the radial motion of the electrons and causes them to follow helical orbits through the space occupied by the field. In this paper, five solenoids were designed to provide necessary magnetic field inside the buncher. Magnetic field was analytically calculated and compared with simulation results of CST. Because of resistance in wires, some amount of energy appears in form of heat, so heat power was calculated analytically and cooling system was designed for these solenoids by ANSYS.

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