Study on Fast-Releasing Calcium Phosphate Cement for Accelerating the Release of Antibiotic

2011 ◽  
Vol 295-297 ◽  
pp. 189-192
Author(s):  
Mao Hong Li ◽  
Shu Xin Qu ◽  
Ning Yao ◽  
Yu Suo Wang ◽  
Ju Mei Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Soluble Component ◽  
Antibiotic Release ◽  
Soluble Components

The long-retention of antibiotics in Calcium Phosphate Cement (CPC) may induce the development of drug resistance. Fast-releasing CPC containing antibiotics (FRCPC) was proposed as a solution to this problem and studied in this work. The FRCPC containing different proportions of soluble component were prepared and characterized. The setting time, compressive strength, degree of the conversion, in vitro antibiotic release and fracture surface morphology of FRCPC were studied. The results showed that the setting time increased, the compressive strength decreased, the in vitro antibiotic release accelerated with increasing fraction of soluble component in FRCPC. The setting time and compressive strength of FRCPC containing 20 wt% soluble components were close to the requirements of clinical applications, and the in vitro release was completed within 7 d. These results mentioned above showed that the FRCPC with suitable proportions of soluble components may prevent the development of drug resistance and may find applications in clinics.

Improving the anti-washout property of calcium phosphate cement by introducing konjac glucomannan/κ-carrageenan blend

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (8) ◽  
pp. 1094-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guowen Qian ◽  
Xingmei Li ◽  
Fupo He ◽  
Jiandong Ye
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Konjac Glucomannan ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Mouse Bone Marrow ◽  
Human Cancellous Bone ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Anti-washout calcium phosphate cement (CPC) was prepared by dissolving water-soluble konjac glucomannan (KGM) and κ-carrageenan (KC) blend in the cement liquid. The anti-washout property, setting time, compressive strength and in vitro cytocompatibility of the CPC modified with KGM/KC blend were evaluated. The results indicated that the CPC pastes modified with KGM/KC blend exhibited excellent anti-washout property. The addition of KGM/KC blend shortened the setting time and increased the injectability of CPC. Although the introduction of KGM/KC blend reduced the compressive strength of CPC, the compressive strength still surpassed that of human cancellous bone. The optimal KGM/KC mass ratio was 2:8, with which the modified cement exhibited the most efficient washout resistance and the highest compressive strength. The introduction of KGM/KC blend obviously promoted the proliferation of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. This anti-washout CPC modified by KGM/KC blend with excellent in vitro cytocompatibility will have good prospects for application in bone defect repair.

The pH-Dependent Properties of the Biphasic Calcium Phosphate for Bone Cements

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 3-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuan La Ong Srakaew ◽  
Sirirat Tubsungnoen Rattanachan
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Biphasic Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Bone Cements ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Apatite Cement

Self-setting calcium phosphate cement (CPC) has been used in bone repair and substitution due to their excellent biocompatibility, bioactive as well as simplicity of preparation and use. The inherent brittleness and slow degradation are the major disadvantages for the use of calcium phosphate cements. To improve the degradation for the traditional CPC, the apatite cement formula incorporated with β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) with varying concentration were studied and the effect of the pH value of liquid phase on the properties of this new calcium phosphate cement formula was evaluated. The apatite cements containing β-TCP for 10 and 40 wt.% were mixed into the aqueous solution with different pH values and then aging in absolute humidity at 37°C for 7 days. The setting time and phase analysis of the biphasic calcium phosphate were determined as compared to the apatite cement. For proper medical application, the compressive strength, the phase analysis and the degradation of the CPC samples at pH 7.0 and 7.4 were evaluated after soaking in the simulated body fluid (SBF) at 37°C for 7 days. The results indicated that the properties of the samples such as the setting time, the compressive strength related to the phase analysis of the set cements. The high degradation of the CPC was found in the cement with increasing β-TCP addition due to the phase after setting. Apatite formation with oriented plate-like morphology was also found to be denser on the surface of the biphasic bone cements after soaking in SBF for 7 days. The obtained results indicated that the cement containing β-TCP mixed with the liquid phase at pH 7.4 could be considered as a highly biodegradable and bioactive bone cement, as compared to the traditional CPC.

scholarly journals Polymeric-Calcium Phosphate Cement Composites-Material Properties:In VitroandIn VivoInvestigations

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania M. Khashaba ◽  
Mervet M. Moussa ◽  
Donald J. Mettenburg ◽  
Frederick A. Rueggeberg ◽  
Norman B. Chutkan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
Tetracalcium Phosphate ◽  
Methyl Vinyl Ether ◽  
Orthopedic Applications ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Cement

New polymeric calcium phosphate cement composites (CPCs) were developed. Cement powder consisting of 60 wt% tetracalcium phosphate, 30 wt% dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, and 10 wt% tricalcium phosphate was combined with either 35% w/w poly methyl vinyl ether maleic acid or polyacrylic acid to obtain CPC-1 and CPC-2. The setting time and compressive and diametral tensile strength of the CPCs were evaluated and compared with that of a commercial hydroxyapatite cement.In vitrocytotoxicity andin vivobiocompatibility of the two CPCs and hydroxyapatite cement were assessed. The setting time of the cements was 5–15 min. CPC-1 and CPC-2 showed significantly higher compressive and diametral strength values compared to hydroxyapatite cement. CPC-1 and CPC-2 were equivalent to Teflon controls after 1 week. CPC-1, CPC-2, and hydroxyapatite cement elicited a moderate to intense inflammatory reaction at 7 days which decreased over time. CPC-1 and CPC-2 show promise for orthopedic applications.

scholarly journals Injectable Enzymatically Hardened Calcium Phosphate Biocement

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
Lubomir Medvecky ◽  
Radoslava Štulajterová ◽  
Maria Giretova ◽  
Lenka Luptakova ◽  
Tibor Sopčák
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Cement Pastes ◽  
Anionic Polyelectrolyte ◽  
Simple Possibility

(1) Background: The preparation and characterization of novel fully injectable enzymatically hardened tetracalcium phosphate/monetite cements (CXI cements) using phytic acid/phytase (PHYT/F3P) hardening liquid with a small addition of polyacrylic acid/carboxymethyl cellulose anionic polyelectrolyte (PAA/CMC) and enhanced bioactivity. (2) Methods: Composite cements were prepared by mixing of calcium phosphate powder mixture with hardening liquid containing anionic polyelectrolyte. Phase and microstructural analysis, compressive strength, release of ions and in vitro testing were used for the evaluation of cement properties. (3) Results: The simple possibility to control the setting time of self-setting CXI cements was shown (7–28 min) by the change in P/L ratio or PHYT/F3P reaction time. The wet compressive strength of cements (up to 15 MPa) was close to cancellous bone. The increase in PAA content to 1 wt% caused refinement and change in the morphology of hydroxyapatite particles. Cement pastes had a high resistance to wash-out in a short time after cement mixing. The noncytotoxic character of CX cement extracts was verified. Moreover, PHYT supported the formation of Ca deposits, and the additional synergistic effect of PAA and CMC on enhanced ALP activity was found, along with the strong up-regulation of osteogenic gene expressions for osteopontin, osteocalcin and IGF1 growth factor evaluated by the RT-qPCR analysis in osteogenic αMEM 50% CXI extracts. (4) Conclusions: The fully injectable composite calcium phosphate bicements with anionic polyelectrolyte addition showed good mechanical and physico-chemical properties and enhanced osteogenic bioactivity which is a promising assumption for their application in bone defect regeneration.

scholarly journals Calcium Phosphate Cement Modified with Silicon Nitride/Tricalcium Phosphate Microgranules

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-75
Author(s):  
Lubomir Medvecky ◽  
Radoslava Stulajterova ◽  
Maria Giretova ◽  
Tibor Sopcak ◽  
Maria Faberova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Silicon Nitride ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Controlled Drug Release ◽  
Tetracalcium Phosphate ◽  
Composite Cement ◽  
Highly Porous

Abstract Tetracalcium phosphate/monetite biocement was modified with 10 and 30 wt. % addition of highly porous silicon nitride/α-tricalcium phosphate (αTCP) microgranules with various content of αTCP. A composite cement powder mixture was prepared using mechanical homogenization of basic components. The accelerated release of dexamethasone from composite cement was revealed, which indicates their possible utilization for controlled drug release. The wet compressive strength of cements (<17 MPa) was significantly reduced (more than 30%) in comparison with the unmodified cement and both compressive strength and setting time were influenced by the content of αTCP in microgranules. The addition of microgranules caused a 20% decrease in final cement density. Microgranules with a higher fraction of αTCP showed good in vitro SBF bioactivity with precipitation of hydroxyapatite particles. Microstructure analysis of fractured cements demonstrated excellent interconnection between microgranules and cement calcium phosphate matrix, but also showed lower mechanical strength of microgranule cores.

Characterization of α/β-TCP Based Injectable Calcium Phosphate Cement as a Potential Bone Substitute

2012 ◽  
Vol 529-530 ◽  
pp. 157-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kemal Sariibrahimoglu ◽  
Joop G.C. Wolke ◽  
Sander C.G. Leeuwenburgh ◽  
John A. Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cements ◽  
Apatite Cement ◽  
Tcp Phase

Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) can be a suitable scaffold material for bone tissue engineering because of their osteoconductivity and perfect fit with the surrounding tissue when injected in situ. However, the main disadvantage of hydroxyapatite (HA) forming CPC is its slow degradation rate, which hinders complete bone regeneration. A new approach is to use hydraulic apatite cement with mainly α/β-tricalciumphosphate (TCP) instead of α-TCP. After hydrolysis the α/β-TCP transforms in a partially non-absorbable HA and a completely resorbable β-TCP phase. Therefore, α-TCP material was thermally treated at several temperatures and times resulting in different α/β-TCP ratios. In this experiment, we developed and evaluated injectable biphasic calcium phosphate cements (BCPC) in vitro. Biphasic α/β-TCP powder was produced by heating α-TCP ranging from 1000-11250°C. Setting time and compressive strength of the CPCs were analyzed after soaking in PBS for 6 weeks. Results demonstrated that the phase composition can be controlled by the sintering temperature. Heat treatment of α-TCP, resulted in 100%, 75% and 25% of α-to β-TCP transformation, respectively. Incorporation of these sintered BCP powder into the cement formulation increased the setting time of the CPC paste. Compressive strength decreased with increasing β-TCP content. In this study, biphasic CPCs were produced and characterized in vitro. This injectable biphasic CPC presented comparable properties to an apatitic CPC.

Effect of Protein Addition on the Setting Behaviour of a Calcium Phosphate Cement

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 841-844
Author(s):  
S. Chauhan ◽  
M.P. Hofmann ◽  
R.M. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Bovine Serum ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Monocalcium Phosphate ◽  
Foetal Bovine Serum

This study investigated the influence of the addition of various proteins to the liquid phase (albumin, fibrinogen and foetal bovine serum (FBS)) on the mechanical strength and setting time of a brushite forming calcium phosphate cement. Additions of 1wt% protein to the liquid phase led to a deterioration in compressive strength of the set cement by up to 50%. The setting time was not affected by adding albumin and FBS but was increased by 50% with admixtures containing fibrinogen. The conversion of the reactants, β-tricalcium phosphate and monocalcium phosphate, to brushite was found to be unaffected by addition of up to 10wt% proteins.

scholarly journals Setting Characteristics and High Compressive Strength of an Anti-washout, Injectable Calcium Phosphate Cement Combined with Thermosensitive Hydrogel

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 5779
Author(s):  
Yao Xie ◽  
Jia Liu ◽  
Shu Cai ◽  
Xiaogang Bao ◽  
Qianqian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Hydration Product ◽  
Thermosensitive Hydrogel ◽  
Early Hydration ◽  
X Ray

In this work, a thermosensitive poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA-PEG-PLGA) hydrogel was introduced into calcium phosphate cement (CPC) to enhance the anti-washout property of CPC. The effects of the hydrogel on the setting time, injectability, anti-washout property and compressive strength of CPC were thoroughly investigated. The results showed that the hydrogel significantly increased the injectability and anti-washout property of CPC, meanwhile maintained the setting time with an acceptable range. Moreover, the hydrogel improved the initial compressive strength of CPC. The composite cement with 20% v/v hydrogel in the liquid phase showed fine crystals of hydration product, a more compact microstructure and lower porosity compared with control CPC. The analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicated that suitable volume ratio of hydrogel (20% v/v) in the setting liquid of CPC could promote the formation of hydroxyapatite in the early hydration period. The degradation behavior of the cement was characterized by immersion tests in simulated body fluid. The hydrogel had no adverse effect on the degradation rate of CPC over the immersion period of 23 days. This study indicated that incorporating PLGA-PEG-PLGA hydrogel could be a promising strategy to reinforce the handing properties and initial compressive strength of calcium phosphate cement.

In Vitro Mechanical Properties of a Calcium Silicate Based Bone Void Filler

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 829-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Engqvist ◽  
S. Edlund ◽  
Gunilla Gómez-Ortega ◽  
Jesper Lööf ◽  
Leif Hermansson
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Calcium Silicate Cement ◽  
Bone Void Filler ◽  
Bone Void

The objective of the paper is to investigate the mechanical and the handling properties of a novel injectable bone void filler based on calcium silicate. The orthopaedic cement based on calcium silicate was compared to a calcium phosphate cement, Norian SRS from Syntes Stratec, with regard to the working (ejection through 14 G needle) and setting time (Gillmore needles), Young’s modulus and the flexural (ASTM F-394) and compressive (ISO 9917) strength after storage in phosphate buffer saline at body temperature for time points from 1h up to 16 weeks. The calcium silicate cement is composed of a calcium silicate powder (grain size below 20 µm) that is mixed with a liquid (water and CaCl2) into a paste using a spatula and a mixing cup. The water to cement ratio used was about 0.5. The calcium silicate had a working time of 15 minutes and a setting time of 17 minutes compared to 5 and 10 minutes respectively for the calcium phosphate cement. The compressive strength was considerably higher for the calcium silicate cement (>100 MPa) compared to the calcium phosphate cement (>40 MPa). Regarding the flexural strength the calcium silicate cement had high values for up to 1 week (> 40 MPa) but it decreased to 25 MPa after 16 weeks. The phosphate cement had a constant flexural strength of about 25 MPa. The results show that calcium silicate cement has the mechanical and handling potential to be used as high strength bone void filler.

scholarly journals The Release Behavior, Biocompatibility and Physical Properties of Ald-loaded Strontium Doped Calcium Phosphate Cement

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 1209-1223
Author(s):  
Maryam Mohammadi ◽  
Sayed Mahmood Rabiee ◽  
Saeed Hesaraki
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Alendronate Sodium ◽  
G Cells ◽  
Alp Activity ◽  
Bone Degradation

AbstractThe effect of concurrent attendance of two inhibitors of bone degradation, namely Alendronate (Ald) sodium trihydrate and Strontium (Sr), on Calcium Phosphate Cement (CPC) characteristics was explored. To this aim, 5 wt% Strontium and 21 mM Alendronate sodium trihydrate were used in calcium phosphate cement and setting time, ion and drug release were analyzed. RAW264.7 and G cell were cultured on cement samples and Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase (TRAP), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and MTT assay were studied. The results of structural analysis indicated that 21 mM Ald did not let the cement set. Therefore, colloidal silica was added to the cement formula and successfully decreased the setting time. In vitro tests showed Sr-loaded sample had a greater inhibitory effect on biocompatibility of G cells than Ald-loaded and Sr-Ald-loaded samples. In addition, the findings about osteoblast MTT and ALP activity indicated that Sr was more effective in osteogenic activity of G cells. The simultaneous presence of Ald and Sr in Calcium Phosphate Cement (CPC) was not as effective in its biocompatibility as the presence of Sr alone.

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