The Externalities of New Energy Industry and Correction Suggestions

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 1295-1298
Author(s):  
Bin Xia ◽  
Ting Gao
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Market Failure ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Allocation Efficiency ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Output Efficiency ◽  
The Cost

At present, the development of new energy industry has the great significance in optimizing the energy structure and energy security and increasing energy supply in China. In the new energy industry development process existing obvious external effectiveness, make the competition market resources allocation efficiency losses, resulting in deviating from the Pareto optimal state that cause "market failure". According to the general principles that externalities cause resource allocation misconduct eliminate, from an economic point of view that this article point out that the decrease of the cost of production and the increased output efficiency could play the same role in resource allocation efficiency improvements, and through government intervention to make the necessary corrections to optimize the allocation of resources to ensure the development of new energy industries.

scholarly journals Conceptual Provisions on the Directions of Cost Optimization of Energy Industry Enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 253-261
Author(s):  
R. Reznikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Optimization ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Full Analysis ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Energy Companies ◽  
And Control ◽  
Financial Balance

Conceptual provisions on the directions of cost optimization of energy industry enterprises on the basis of system, information and project approaches are proposed, which provide for the implementation of procedures for diagnosis and optimization of suboptimal costs and control of the implementation of relevant projects. Diagnosis of suboptimal costs of energy companies is proposed to be carried out using a comprehensive approach to the diagnosis of suboptimal costs based on a combination of information-logical, descriptive-analytical and economic-mathematical models of enterprise analysis, as well as full analysis (vertical and horizontal) of financial statements including P&L, analysis of Cash Flow and financial balance of the enterprise. Applying the appropriate approach allows you to identify the costs that the company can optimize without affecting the quality of electricity and without violating other aspects of the company, which frees up the company to upgrade equipment, additional logistics, reduce electricity costs and implement other projects in within the portfolio. To optimize the costs of energy companies, an appropriate project-oriented approach is proposed, which is based on the use of the method of forming a portfolio of optimization projects using a combination of WSJF model and 6 sigma matrix. The uniqueness of the approach lies in the synergy of the proposed tools and methods and their implementation for energy companies. The proposed approach allows to form a portfolio of interconnected projects, which allows to achieve better financial results through synergies between projects and saves energy companies through more efficient use of its financial resources. Implementation of conceptual provisions on the areas of cost optimization of energy companies allows to reduce the cost of electricity, losses of enterprises and increase their profitability by reinvesting savings in cost optimization projects. Optimization is achieved by diagnosing those costs that can be reduced without affecting quality and in which it makes sense to invest from an economic point of view.

scholarly journals On the shady side of economics

1999 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Van Heerden ◽  
J. N. Blignaut ◽  
N. S. Groenendijk
Keyword(s):  
Market Failure ◽  
Crime Rates ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Empirical Comparison ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Gary Becker ◽  
Economic Tools

This paper explains fraud from an economic point of view, using traditional economic tools and reasoning. It is shown how a supply-of-fraud function can be defined and estimated for individuals, and subsequently aggregated to derive crime rates for societies. Another approach is to explain the behaviour of fraudsters as rent-seekers, à la mode Gary Becker, and the problem of fraud may be seen as a case of market failure too. The paper also discusses some effects of fraud on society, and gives an empirical comparison between countries.

Regional wastewater treatment–an economical solution? Data from 40 years of operation gives the answer

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-265
Author(s):  
P. Balmér
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Economic Data ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Operation Costs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Regional Solutions

Economic data from 40 years of operation of three regional wastewater treatment companies have been compiled and analysed. The transport systems consist mainly of gravity flow tunnels with lengths of 55–120 km. In spite of the heavy initial investments <20% of the cumulative total costs can be allocated to the transport systems. The treatment plants all remove 90% or more of the influent Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and phosphorus and 65–80% of the nitrogen. The wastewater treatment is responsible for about 90% of the cumulative operation costs while the transport system is responsible for 20–40% of the cumulative capital costs. Over time the cost of the transport systems has decreased considerably and is after 40 years of operation only 4–13% of the total costs. Although the main benefit of the regional solutions has been the transfer of wastewater from sensitive inland streams and lakes, the data presented give strong evidence that the regional solutions also has been advantageous from an economic point of view.

Economic Comparison of Fire Fighting Measures of Gypsum-Based Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 835 ◽  
pp. 467-471
Author(s):  
Marcela Halirova ◽  
Radek Janousek ◽  
Hana Sevcikova ◽  
Radek Fabian ◽  
Eva Machovcakova
Keyword(s):  
Fire Protection ◽  
Technology Implementation ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Economic Comparison

Fire resistance of building structures is important not only in terms of prevention of hazards to human health, but also from the economic point of view. The choice of method of fire protection of steel structures depends on the responsible choice of finish or cladding material and suitable technology implementation. Although the assessment of fire risk is a priority, when selecting the decisive criteria we must not also forget the cost of fire protection measures. This article aims at economic comparison of the two fire protection measures for the steel column of rolled profiles.

scholarly journals Quality of pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings grown on substrates with decomposed babassu palm stem

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romário Martins Costa ◽  
Marcos Renan Lima Leite ◽  
Sâmia dos Santos Matos ◽  
Rayssa Carolinne Mouzinho de Sousa ◽  
Raissa Rachel Salustriano da Silva-Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Babassu Palm ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
The Cost

ABSTRACT The use of pre-sprouted seedlings in the implantation of sugarcane crops not only reduces the establishment period and production costs, but also has other advantages, such as a lesser requirement of propagules (stems) and greater phytosanitary control of the seedlings, when compared to conventional planting. Commercial substrates are also expensive and their use increases the cost of seedlings. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of sugarcane pre-sprouted seedlings grown on substrates with different proportions of decomposed babassu palm stem (DBPS), as well as to recommend the substrate formulation that provides the most favorable environment for the growth and development of sugarcane pre-sprouted seedlings. For preparation of the substrate (S), DBPS and soil were used in the following proportions: S1: 0 % of DBPS + 100 % of soil; S2: 20 % of DBPS + 80 % of soil; S3: 40 % of DBPS + 60 % of soil; S4: 60 % of DBPS + 40 % of soil; S5: 80 % of DBPS + 20 % of soil; S6: 100 % of DBPS + 0 % of soil. The use of S2 and S3 considerably improved the seedling quality parameters, such as sprout diameter and length, number of leaves and total, shoot and root dry mass. However, from an economic point of view, S2 is recommended for use.

Analysis of Social Total Cost of Thermal Power and Nuclear Power

2013 ◽  
Vol 734-737 ◽  
pp. 1724-1727
Author(s):  
Ze Hong Li ◽  
Meng Zhu Chen
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Process Analysis ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Generation Cost ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Total Social Cost ◽  
The Cost

Through the expert investigation method and the analytic hierarchy process, analysis and research of the total social cost of nuclear power and thermal power. The results showed that: although the thermal power generation cost is lower than the cost of nuclear power, but the society cost is much higher than that of nuclear power. As a clean and new energy, the development of nuclear power solve the shortage of primary energy, at the same time put up new ideas to optimize the energy structure and solve the problems of environmental pollution.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF REFLECTING THE «NEGATIVE» VALUE OF FUTURES IN ACCOUNTING

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 56-60
Author(s):  
Sergey Bank
Keyword(s):  
Price Change ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Financial Instruments ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Negative Direction ◽  
Futures Contract ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Financial Result

Futures are one of the subspecies of derivative financial instruments, the key purpose of operations with which is to extract additional revenue from the company, in addition, insurance against various financial risks, referred to as hedging. From an economic point of view, the «negative» value of futures (the «negative» variation margin) indicates that the cost of owning a contract exceeds the amount of losses from a negative price for them. «Negative» variation margin is the company's expense covered by the Depository margin, in addition, it is a price change in a negative direction, a negative financial result for holding a futures contract after a trading day on the exchange.

Impacts of Electricity Price Reform on Energy and Residents’ Life in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 672-674 ◽  
pp. 2169-2172
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Xi Jiang ◽  
Ya Lin Xu ◽  
Yue Tong Liu ◽  
Ao Huang
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Electricity Price ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Data ◽  
Closed Model ◽  
Price Reform

Electricity price reform aims at improving resource allocation and energy saving. In this paper, The latest input-output data and price affect partial-closed model are used to measure the impacts of electricity price reform for the whole society, energy industry and the residents con- sumptions. The results indicate that electricity price reform had limited impacts on GDP and resi- dents’ consumption, and the impacts on mining industryand energy industry are more significant than others. The policy certainly achieved the aim to adjust energy structure and promoted the co -ordinated development of urban and rural economy.

Research On Investment Status and Countermeasures of New Energy Industry In China

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 1809-1812
Author(s):  
Li Hua Guo ◽  
Li Ming Chen
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Energy Industry ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Management Technology ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Energy Shortage

In order to play an important role in improving the energy structure of new energy, solving the energy shortage and environmental pollution with new energy, it did the research on investment status of new energy industry in China. Based on the data analysis, this paper mainly discussed problems investigate management, technology, capital, etc. and put forward reasonable proposals that conducive to the development of new energy industries.

scholarly journals Digitalization and its Rapid Impact on Savings Banks in Germany

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Carsten Giebe ◽  
Kevin Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Savings Banks ◽  
Cost Cutting ◽  
Income Ratio ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Operating Result

The German banking industry is facing major challenges due to digitalization. The digital transformation is significantly influenced by technological progress, tighter regulation and low-interest phases. The market entry of fintechs and changing customer behaviour is also a reality. To meet the challenge of the digitalization and to to reduce costs, savings banks are increasingly turning to mergers, staff cuts and branch closures. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of digitalization on German savings banks. Through an explorative literature review, scientific sources and real KPIs of savings banks in Germany were used. The impact of digitalization on savings banks in the period 1999 – 2018 was investigated using the study situation and the analysis of key business figures. The aim is to answer whether the cost-cutting actions of savings banks are justified from an economic point of view based on the KPIs operating result, cost-income ratio and return on equity. In recent years, it has become clear that German banks lack a clear strategy. The results may be of interest to researchers dealing with the digital transformation of savings banks in Germany.

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