Formation of the {111} and {111} Recrystallization Texture in Deep Drawing Low Carbon Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 535-537 ◽  
pp. 687-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Li ◽  
Ping Yang ◽  
Li Meng
Keyword(s):  
Recrystallization Texture ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

The formation of 111-112 and 111-110 recrystallization textures during annealing of cold rolled low carbon steels at low heating rate was investigated by electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and X-ray diffraction techniques. The orientation characteristics during recrystallization of this steel were determined, results show that there is a strong competition between the 111-112 component and the 111-110 component along the γ-fiber. The former was developed from the deformed matrix with the same orientation by means of subgrain coalescence at early stage of recrystallization, while the latter nucleated at the grain boundary areas of deformed grains with 111-112 or 112-110 orientations by means of preferred nucleation and evolved into stable recrystallization texture at later stage of recrystallization.

Texture and Microstructure of Cold Rolled and Recrystallized Pure Niobium

2007 ◽  
Vol 539-543 ◽  
pp. 3436-3441 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.F.G. Abreu ◽  
Sergio S.M. Tavares ◽  
S.S. Carvalho ◽  
T.H.T. Eduardo ◽  
Antonia Daniele S. Bruno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Cold Work ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pure Niobium ◽  
Back Scattering ◽  
Cold Rolled

Crystallographic macrotexture of pure niobium cold rolled to 30, 60, 80 and 90% reduction was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and compared with low carbon steel texture. Annealed samples from 800oC, to 1200oC were investigated by X-ray diffraction and electron back scattering diffraction (EBSD). The texture of cold rolled polycrystalline niobium is characterized by a component {001}<110> that increases in intensity with the cold work percentage. After annealing, the component {001}<110> spreads out about 20o.

Recrystallization Behaviour of Cold Rolled Low Carbon Steel Strip with Various Starting Microstructures

2007 ◽  
Vol 558-559 ◽  
pp. 419-424
Author(s):  
Wan Qiang Xu ◽  
Michael Ferry
Keyword(s):  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Steel Strip ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Number Density ◽  
Initial Microstructure ◽  
Strip Cast ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Evolution Of Microstructure ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

The effect of initial microstructure (acicular ferrite (AF), polygonal ferrite (PF) and strip cast (SC)) on the recrystallization behaviour of low carbon (LC) steel was investigated. Steel strip samples (0.05 wt.% C) of 2 mm in thickness were heat treated to produce an AF and PF microstructure from coarse austenite. The AF, PF and a similar chemistry SC sample manufactured from a twin roll caster were cold rolled to 50, 70 and 90% reduction, and annealed for various times in the temperature range 580-680 °C. The evolution of microstructure during recrystallization was studied by optical microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) in the SEM. The initial microstructure was found to have a substantial influence on the recrystallization behavior. PF recrystallized more rapidly than AF with SC showing extremely sluggish recrystallization behaviour. The recrystallizing grains in these initial microstructures have a lognormal distribution and the recrystallized number density (grains/mm2) decreased during annealing, with the initial microstructures affecting the degree of this decrease in number density.

scholarly journals Stable and Metastable Phase Equilibria Involving the Cu6Sn5 Intermetallic

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Leineweber ◽  
M. Löffler ◽  
S. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Phase Equilibria ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Metastable Phase ◽  
Stable Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Ordered Phases ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract Cu6Sn5 intermetallic occurs in the form of differently ordered phases η, η′ and η′′. In solder joints, this intermetallic can undergo changes in composition and the state of order without or while interacting with excess Cu and excess Sn in the system, potentially giving rise to detrimental changes in the mechanical properties of the solder. In order to study such processes in fundamental detail and to get more detailed information about the metastable and stable phase equilibria, model alloys consisting of Cu3Sn + Cu6Sn5 as well as Cu6Sn5 + Sn-rich melt were heat treated. Powder x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy supplemented by electron backscatter diffraction were used to investigate the structural and microstructural changes. It was shown that Sn-poor η can increase its Sn content by Cu3Sn precipitation at grain boundaries or by uptake of Sn from the Sn-rich melt. From the kinetics of the former process at 513 K and the grain size of the η phase, we obtained an interdiffusion coefficient in η of (3 ± 1) × 10−16 m2 s−1. Comparison of this value with literature data implies that this value reflects pure volume (inter)diffusion, while Cu6Sn5 growth at low temperature is typically strongly influenced by grain-boundary diffusion. These investigations also confirm that η′′ forming below a composition-dependent transus temperature gradually enriches in Sn content, confirming that Sn-poor η′′ is metastable against decomposition into Cu3Sn and more Sn-rich η or (at lower temperatures) η′. Graphic Abstract

scholarly journals Dislocation densities in a low-carbon steel during martensite transformation determined by in situ high energy X-Ray diffraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 800 ◽  
pp. 140249
Author(s):  
Juan Macchi ◽  
Steve Gaudez ◽  
Guillaume Geandier ◽  
Julien Teixeira ◽  
Sabine Denis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Martensite Transformation ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dislocation Densities

Mitrofanovite, Pt3Te4, a new mineral from the East Chuarvy deposit, Fedorovo–Pana intrusion, Kola Peninsula, Russia

2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor V. Subbotin ◽  
Anna Vymazalová ◽  
František Laufek ◽  
Yevgeny E. Savchenko ◽  
Chris J. Stanley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kola Peninsula ◽  
Electron Backscatter Diffraction ◽  
New Mineral ◽  
Synthetic Analogue ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structural Identity ◽  
Polarised Light ◽  
Fe Alloys ◽  
Backscatter Diffraction

AbstractMitrofanovite, Pt3Te4, is a new telluride discovered in low-sulfide disseminated ore in the East Chuarvy deposit, Fedorovo–Pana intrusion, Kola Peninsula, Russia. It forms anhedral grains (up to ~20 μm × 50 μm) commonly in intergrowths with moncheite in aggregates with lukkulaisvaaraite, kotulskite, vysotskite, braggite, keithconnite, rustenburgite and Pt–Fe alloys hosted by a chalcopyrite–pentlandite–pyrrhotite matrix. Associated silicates are: orthopyroxene, augite, olivine, amphiboles and plagioclase. Mitrofanovite is brittle; it has a metallic lustre and a grey streak. Mitrofanovite has a good cleavage, along {001}. In plane-polarised light, mitrofanovite is bright white with medium to strong bireflectance, slight pleochroism, and strong anisotropy on non-basal sections with greyish brown rotation tints; it exhibits no internal reflections. Reflectance values for the synthetic analogue of mitrofanovite in air (Ro, Re’ in %) are: 58.4, 54.6 at 470 nm; 62.7, 58.0 at 546 nm; 63.4, 59.1 at 589 nm; and 63.6, 59.5 at 650 nm. Fifteen electron-microprobe analyses of mitrofanovite gave an average composition: Pt 52.08, Pd 0.19, Te 47.08 and Bi 0.91, total 100.27 wt.%, corresponding to the formula (Pt2.91Pd0.02)Σ2.93(Te4.02Bi0.05)Σ4.07 based on 7 atoms; the average of eleven analyses on synthetic analogue is: Pt 52.57 and Te 47.45, total 100.02 wt.%, corresponding to Pt2.94Te4.06. The density, calculated on the basis of the formula, is 11.18 g/cm3. The mineral is trigonal, space group R$\overline 3 $m, with a = 3.9874(1), c = 35.361(1) Å, V = 486.91(2) Å3 and Z = 3. The crystal structure was solved and refined from the powder X-ray-diffraction data of synthetic Pt3Te4. Mitrofanovite is structurally and chemically related to moncheite (PtTe2). The strongest lines in the powder X-ray diffraction pattern of synthetic mitrofanovite [d in Å (I) (hkl)] are: 11.790(23)(003), 5.891(100)(006), 2.851(26)(107), 2.137(16)(1013), 2.039(18)(0114), 1.574(24)(0120), 1.3098(21)(0027). The structural identity of natural mitrofanovite with synthetic Pt3Te4 was confirmed by electron backscatter diffraction measurements on the natural sample. The mineral name is chosen to honour Felix P. Mitrofanov, a Russian geologist who was among the first to discover platinum-group element mineralisation in the Fedorova–Pana complex.

Influence of Iron Bacteria on the Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel: SEM Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hamzah ◽  
C. L. Khohr ◽  
Ahmad Abdolahi ◽  
Z. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Iron Hydroxides ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Iron Bacteria ◽  
Microbially Influenced Corrosion ◽  
Sem Study

In this work, the iron bacteria were cultured and inoculated into the cooling water before immersion, and low carbon steel coupons were immersed for one month. Then, microbially influenced corrosion (MIC) of carbon steel in the presence of these bacteria was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) and weight loss methods. SEM results showed that large amounts of corrosion products and heterogeneous biofilm layer were formed on the coupon surface. SEM also revealed the uniform-pitting corrosion on the steel surface due to bacteria colonization. XRD results show that the main constituents present in corrosion product are composed of iron oxides and iron hydroxides. 

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