Crystallization Behavior of Heat-Treated Basalt Fiber

2012 ◽  
Vol 560-561 ◽  
pp. 3-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Wang ◽  
Shuen Hou ◽  
Hong Yun Jin
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated

Crystallization of the basalt fibers can reduce their mechanical property. This paper is devoted to understand the crystallization behavior of basalt fiber and its control conditions. Basalt fibers were heated at 700, 750, 800, 900, 1000, 1050 °C for 2h, then cooled down to room temperature in air. The crystallization behavior of basalt fiber was investigated by means of differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). The results indicate that diopside and anorthite phases appeared during crystallization process and the absorption bands of heat-treated samples in FTIR spectra split and become relatively sharp.

X-Ray Diffraction Analysis on Crystallite Development of Nanostructured Aluminium

2006 ◽  
Vol 118 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Meijer ◽  
Nicholas Armstrong ◽  
Wing Yiu Yeung
Keyword(s):  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Equal Channel Angular Extrusion ◽  
Line Broadening ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Integral Breadth ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Diffraction Peaks

This study is to investigate the crystallite development in nanostructured aluminium using x-ray line broadening analysis. Nanostructured aluminium was produced by equal channel angular extrusion at room temperature to a total deformation strain of ~17. Samples of the extruded metal were then heat treated at temperatures up to 300oC. High order diffraction peaks were obtained using Mo radiation and the integral breadth was determined. It was found that as the annealing temperature increased, the integral breadth of the peak reflections decreased. By establishing the modified Williamson-Hall plots (integral breadth vs contract factor) after instrumental correction, it was determined that the crystallite size of the metal was maintained ~80 nm at 100oC. As the annealing temperature increased to 200oC, the crystallite size increased to ~118 nm. With increasing annealing temperature, the hardness of the metal decreased from ~60 HV to ~45 HV.

Synthesis and Properties of Polypropylene Carbonate Polyol-Based Waterborne Polyurethane

2014 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 58-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Shu Xu ◽  
Cheng Cheng Tian ◽  
Wei Dong Zhang ◽  
Jian Wei Xing ◽  
Zai Sheng Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resistance ◽  
Soft Segment ◽  
Waterborne Polyurethane ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Polyhydric Alcohols ◽  
Ft Ir

Different kinds of anionic polyhydric alcohols water-borne polyurethane (WPU) emulsion and films were prepared by separately taking polypropylene carbonate polyol (PPC), polyethylene-1,4-buthylene adipate glycol (PBA) and polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMG) with the same molecular weight as soft segment. Their structure and properties were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), rigidity, adhesive power, contact angle and water absorption. Comparing their properties, it was found that the rigidity, adhesive power and water resistance of PPC WPU were similar to those of PBA WPU.

scholarly journals Determination of sulfur in diesel using ATR/ FTIR and multivariate calibration

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 71
Author(s):  
Itânia Pinheiro Soares ◽  
Thais F. Rezende ◽  
Isabel Cristina Pereira Fortes
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Variable Selection ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Multivariate Calibration ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Calibration Models

The aim of this present work was to provide a more fast, simple and less expensive to analyze sulfur content in diesel samples than by the standard methods currently used. Thus, samples of diesel fuel with sulfur concentrations varying from 400 and 2500 mgkg-1 were analyzed by two methodologies: X-ray fluorescence, according to ASTM D4294 and by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). The spectral data obtained from FTIR were used to build multivariate calibration models by partial least squares (PLS). Four models were built in three different ways: 1) a model using the full spectra (665 to 4000 cm-1), 2) two models using some specific spectrum regions and 3) a model with variable selected by classic method of variable selection stepwise. The model obtained by variable selection stepwise and the model built with region spectra between 665 and 856 cm-1 and 1145 and 2717 cm-1 showed better results in the determination of sulfur content.

scholarly journals The correlation of processes of crystallization and changes of free electron density amorphous alloy powder Co80Ni20

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
Aleksa Maricic ◽  
Momcilo Ristic
Keyword(s):  
Alloy Powder ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
Free Electron Density ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
Amorphous Alloy Powder ◽  
Dsc Method ◽  
Cobalt And Nickel

Great attention is being given today to investigations on the capabilities and structural changes of amorphous and nanocrystal materials. Structural changes of the amorphous cobalt and nickel alloy powder obtained by electrochemical deposition were investigated in this paper. The crystallization process, as determined by the DSC method, occurred in two steps. The temperature dependence of electrical resistively and magnetic susceptibility in isothermal and non-isothermal conditions within the temperature range of room temperature to 700?C was determined for the powder samples pressed under pressure of 800 MPa. The X-ray structural examinations results correlate with those of the DSC analysis and the electrical resistively measuring.

Treated basalt fibers reinforced nylon 6,6/epoxy hybrid nanofibril composites

2020 ◽  
pp. 089270572090410
Author(s):  
Saleh S Abdelhady ◽  
Said H Zoalfakar ◽  
MA Agwa ◽  
Ashraf A Ali
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Electrospinning Process ◽  
Hybrid Nanocomposites ◽  
Basalt Fibers ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hybrid Nanofibers ◽  
Nylon 6,6 ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Basalt fiber was first treated in a mixture of formic acid (FA) and dichloromethane (DCM) to reduce its diameter down to one micrometer. Electrospinning process was utilized to produce treated basalt fiber (TBF)-reinforced nylon 6,6/epoxy (NY/EP) hybrid nanofibril composites. NY/EP polymers have been dissolved in 80:20 mixture of FA/DCM solvent to form a homogenous solution. TBFs with different weight ratios of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt% were added to NY/EP (ratio of 5:1). The morphology of the hybrid nanocomposites was investigated by scanning electron microscopy and their compositions were analyzed using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The thermal properties were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. The mechanical properties of the hybrid nanocomposites, including tensile strength and modulus, are improved with respect to NY/EP hybrid nanofibers. An increase of 76% and 87% in tensile strength and Young’s modulus was acquired, respectively, at 15 wt% of TBF. Also, the addition of TBF increased the thermal stability of nanofibril composites.

Microstructure and Texture Evolution during Static Recrystallization of Zr-2Hf Alloy

2004 ◽  
Vol 467-470 ◽  
pp. 537-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Zhu ◽  
D. Chaubet ◽  
Brigitte Bacroix ◽  
Jean Luc Béchade
Keyword(s):  
Plane Strain ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Crystallographic Texture ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Static Recrystallization ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Local Deformation ◽  
Alloy Sheet ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated

The recrystallization of a Zr-2Hf alloy sheet deformed by plane strain compression at room temperature and then heat treated in the temperature range 500-650°C is studied. The microstructure, local and global crystallographic textures are investigated by EBSD and X-ray techniques. The as-deformed condition exhibits a heterogeneous microstructure composed of highly and less deformed zones, the EBSD indexing of the latter ones being more reliable. The asdeformed condition displays a (0001) < 0 1 10 > crystallographic texture. The evolution of the microstructure during recrystallization very much depends on the amount of local deformation. Recrystallization begins in highly deformed zones, new grains having two variants of texture components, {0001} < 0 1 10 > and {0001} < 0 2 11 >. Some change of preferred orientations concomitant with grain growth at 600 and 650°C has been observed with a decrease in the {0001} < 0 1 10 > component and an increase in the {0001} < 0 2 11 > component.

The Study of Existential State of Protein in Protein/Montmorillonite Complexes

2011 ◽  
Vol 194-196 ◽  
pp. 1647-1651
Author(s):  
Ying Hai Lv ◽  
Gui Jiang Li ◽  
Li Qiang Cui ◽  
Hua Xiao Yan ◽  
Shi Xue Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Interlayer Space ◽  
Random Coil ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Loading Amount ◽  
Α Helix ◽  
Structure Of Proteins

The existential state of protein in complexes directly affects the performance and applications of the composite materials. The interlayer space changes of montmorillonite in the protein / montmorillonite (MMT) composite were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). And the interaction between protein and MMT were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) and UV/vis spectrophotometry. The loading amount of bovine serum albumin (BSA) onto MMT was calculated from the TG data. The types of adsorption isotherm of BSA onto montmorillonite were analyzed. From the above analysis, it can be concluded that the structure of proteins in the montmorillonite interlayers has been changed, and the hydrogen bond and Van der Waals force between the BSA molecules and montmorillonite crystal layers are intensified. The α-helix content of BSA molecules reduces while random coil increases. The protein shows a state of being squashed.

scholarly journals Effect of Storage Conditions on the Thermal Stability and Crystallization Behaviors of Poly(L-Lactide)/Poly(D-Lactide)

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
Tien-Wei Shyr ◽  
Huan-Chieh Ko ◽  
Tzong-Ming Wu ◽  
Meifang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Aliphatic Polyester ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Polylactide (PLA) is a biodegradable thermoplastic aliphatic polyester. The thermal stability and crystallization behavior of PLA are extremely sensitive to storage, processing, and usage conditions. This work systematically studied the thermal stability and crystallization behavior of poly(L-lactide) (PLLA), poly(D-lactide) (PDLA), and a PLLA/PDLA (LD) blend, which were stored under two sets of laboratory storage conditions: (1) stored in a vacuum-free desiccator and (2) stored in vacuum-sealed bags. Both were stored at room temperature for 3 years. Gel permeation chromatography results revealed that the PLLA, PDLA, and LD samples hydrolyzed slowly when stored in vacuum-sealed bags and degraded significantly when stored in a vacuum-free desiccator; this process significantly reduced the thermal stability of the samples stored in the vacuum-free desiccator. Owing to hydrolysis, the levorotation and dextrorotation (L- and D-) molecular chains were shortened; consequently, more nuclei were formed, and this caused the melting points of the PLLA, PDLA, and LD samples to decrease and the melting enthalpy of the crystals in these samples to increase. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that when the L- and D- molecular chains were packed side by side to form stereocomplex crystals and the randomly arranged L- and D- molecular chains were easy hydrolyzed and degraded, this interfered with the formation of homocrystals in LD. When PLLA, PDLA, and LD samples are stored in a vacuum-free desiccator, they will be significantly hydrolyzed, resulting in the formation of only stereocomplex crystals, and no homocrystals are observed.

scholarly journals Microscopy and development of a remarkable pitted quill from the thin-spined porcupine, Chaetomys subspinosus

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
David M. Chapman ◽  
Gastón A.F. Giné ◽  
Uldis Roze
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Inner Root Sheath ◽  
Pentagonal Prism ◽  
Scanning Electron

Scanning electron microscopy shows that the quill surface from the thin-spined porcupine (Chaetomys subspinosus (Olfers, 1818)) has several regional cuticular patterns of which the most expansive is highly pitted with 4 μm wide pores leading to pits, which in turn communicate circumferentially via tunnels to neighboring pits. The cell unit of the pitted layer is a hexagonal or pentagonal prism, the “pitted fibrillous cuticular cell” (PFCC), which has a superficial pitted cuticular scale derived part with an underlying part packed with fine fibrils and the nucleus. The scaled part has about six scales, which swell and fuse except where raised cuticular scales from the inner root sheath intervene. This unique and complicated cell soon dies even while below the skin’s surface during its development. The raised scale-bearing cells of the inner root sheath leave their imprints on the PFCC’s surface, thus indicating that the quill’s pitted layer is at one time soft. Histochemistry, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry show that the PFCC is keratinous.

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