Design, Development and Performance of Palm Waste Briquette Stove for Domestic and Industrial Usage

2009 ◽  
Vol 62-64 ◽  
pp. 717-722
Author(s):  
C.O. Ilechie ◽  
G.F. Aibangbee ◽  
S.R. Ogblechi ◽  
P.E. Amiolemhen
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Heating Surface ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Fuel Wood ◽  
Air Inlet ◽  
Steel Material ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Palm Waste

A low cost heat-conserving stove that uses palm waste briquette (substitute for fuel wood) has been developed. It has a furnace size of 400mm diameter and a height of 400mm with a 90mm inner cylindrical burner. The heating surface of the stove generated about 966 kilojoules of heat. A natural draught of 6m/s (efflux velocity) was used to determine the chimney size. The stove which was designed and fabricated mostly from 3mm low carbon steel (mild steel) material can accommodate different sizes of briquette for both domestic and industrial cooking. The air inlet has a regulating duct that controls the burning of the briquette. The burning rate of the palm waste briquette using the briquette stove was estimated to be approximately 3.0kg/hr. This value was found to be lower than values obtained when the same quantity of briquette was burnt in the open air. The technology is recommended for adoption by women preparing snacks (such as roasted yam. plantain and corn) in market places and along commercial roads.

Performance Evaluation of Palm Waste Screw Press Briquette Moulding Machine

2009 ◽  
Vol 62-64 ◽  
pp. 723-727
Author(s):  
C.O. Ilechie ◽  
G.F. Aibangbee ◽  
S.R. Ogblechi ◽  
P.E. Amiolemhen
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Screw Thread ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Moulding Machine ◽  
Palm Waste

An alternative source of heat energy to firewood called, palm waste briquette, has been developed from oil palm fruit process wastes. These wastes (sludge, shell, fibre) are compounded in a volumetric ratio of 1:2:3 and moulded into briquettes. The performance evaluation of a low cost women friendly palm waste briquette moulding machine was carried out. The evaluation showed that the machine designed and fabricated using readily available low carbon steel (mild steel) and employing the vertical screw thread mechanism in its operation, produces three different sizes of briquette (industrial sizes, medium sizes and domestic sizes). It requires only two unskilled operators and has a daily throughput of about 1,300kg briquettes (i.e. 400 pieces-industrial size or 800 pieces-medium size or 1,600 pieces-domestic size) unlike a modified brick moulding machine which has a daily throughput of 120 pieces industrial size

scholarly journals Comparison and assessment of a different steel materials based on core losses reduction for three-phase induction motor

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Yaser Atta Yassin ◽  
Ali Nasser Hussain ◽  
Nagham Yassin Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Induction Motor ◽  
Core Loss ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Core Material ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
The Core ◽  
Steel Material ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
Core Losses ◽  
And Performance

This paper presents a core losses and performance calculation with different type of steel materials in the core design for three-phase induction motor by using "ANSYS Maxwell" program in order to identify the core material that provides the most effective performance by iron losses reduction. The coefficients of core losses are calculated from the magnetization curve and core Loss curve based on the on steel material databases. Although the difficult to obtain because of the little of existing information. Results show the capability of the proposed Cobalt steel (Hiperco 50) to achieve the significant losses reduction in comparison to the Electrical Steel NGO–AK Steel’s M-19 and Low Carbon Steel-SAE1020.

Selecting the Parameters for Brazing 08 Steel with Pure Copper Solder Paste

2010 ◽  
Vol 426-427 ◽  
pp. 432-435
Author(s):  
De Gong Chang ◽  
J. Zhang ◽  
M.L. Lv
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Filler Metal ◽  
Pure Copper ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Solder Paste ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Steel Joints ◽  
The Ideal

The larger variation of the construction and performance of the low-carbon steel joints was caused by the high temperature of the puddle welding of the joint. Therefore, the braze welding rather than the puddle welding was applied to the welding production of low-carbon steel. The 08 steel parts were joined in a furnace using pure copper solder paste as brazing filler metal. According to the obtained results, the ideal technical parameters are as follow: brazing temperature: 1100-1150°C; holding time: 5-10min; joint clearance: 0.03-0.05mm.

scholarly journals PROSES PEMBUATAN ARANG BATOK KELAPA DAN TULANG SAPI MENGGUNAKAN METODE PIROLISIS SEBAGAI MEDIA CARBURIZING

POROS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Tumpal Ojahan Ojahan ◽  
Miswanto Miswanto Miswanto ◽  
Slamtt Sumardi Sumardi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Main Ingredient ◽  
Fixed Carbon ◽  
Steel Material ◽  
The Media ◽  
Food Needs ◽  
Coconut Shells

Fueled by a rise in food needs as beef and oil into basic commodities has been consumed by thepublic, has lead the increasing of waste the cows and coconut shell. The main ingredient used in thisresearch is a waste product from cow bones and from the remains of the coconut shells from which no orhousehold wastes, that can be processed into charcoal. The purpose of this research which is to enhanceeconomic value of waste from cow bones and coconut shells using combustion pyrolysis system beingcharred (fixed carbon) to produce good quality charcoal, to find out the extent of the temperature used andthe composition of charcoal. The process used in this research is pack carburizing with cow bones andcoconut shell as the media at the temperature 950oC, time detention three hours with variations compositioncharcoal. It can be concluded that charcoal bone across his cattle and charcoal coconut can be used as asource of carbon that might improve the force and hardness in the material carbon steel low (low carbonsteel). The process of pack carburizing can increase the value of % C, against low carbon steel material.

The Initial Life and Short Crack Propagation Life for Low Carbon Steel Based on Dislocation Method

2018 ◽  
Vol 1145 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Yuan Long Yang ◽  
Qing Chun Meng ◽  
Wei Ping Hu
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Crack Propagation ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Short Crack ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Steel Material ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Good Agreement

In the paper, the relationship between the grain size and fatigue life are studied. To specify the initial and short crack propagation life of low carbon steel material, three methods are used in the simulation. At first, the K. Tanaka’s model is introduced to calculate the fatigue life of a grain. Then, the Voronoi Diagram is used to generate the microstructure of grains. At last, a criteria to specify the short crack is proposed. Based on these methods, the numerical simulation is conducted. With the help of the process, the grain sizes are generated randomly in order to specify how grain sizes effect fatigue life. The computational results are in good agreement with the experimental data. The results show that the randomness of fatigue life is closely related to the randomness of grain sizes.

Integrity Challenges Associated with Stray Current Corrosion Across Monolithic IJ's and Resolutions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebrahim Salem Al Salemi ◽  
Saleh Salem Al Ameri ◽  
Ajiv Mohan Nair ◽  
Humaid Musabah Al Ali ◽  
Mario Jr Javier Zantua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cathodic Protection ◽  
Ionic Current ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Internal Surface ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Stray Current ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Steel Material ◽  
Internal Lining

Abstract Corrosion and subsequent failures is one of the main factors affecting uninterrupted operations of Oil & Gas Industries. Pipelines are considered as most convenient means of crude and gas transportation in Oil & Gas Industry. Buried pipelines generally made of low carbon steel material are protected externally by coating and applying impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP). Monitoring and maintaining adequate level of Cathodic Protection (CP) for such pipelines remains challenging for corrosion engineers due to increased level of field congestion, complexity in accurate current mapping and mitigation of corrosion phenomena. Failure of pipelines due to corrosion can be catastrophic with following consequences: Loss of containment fluid and thereby probable fatalityDamage to asset/company reputationSafety and Environment (Fire, Toxic gases and Oil Spill)Resource and downtime cost impact Isolation joints IJ's are designed with very high insulating material at mating areas and installed on pipelines by welding to avoid loss of Cathodic Protection (CP) current. Due to high electrical insulation, a potential difference is formed across of IJ's due to applied CP current and stray currents. In upstream Oil & Gas Industry, multiphase crude transported via pipeline will have certain percentage of water and will induce an internal conductive path across the IJs resulting in ionic current discharge at anodic areas within internal surface. This study focuses on factors contributing to such internal stray current corrosion, limitation in monitoring methodology and mitigation programs. The study concludes with recommendations such as design modifications, improvement in internal lining properties and improved installation guidelines. The study practically illustrates effectiveness of combined resistive bonding and zinc earthing cells installation for controlling stray current propagation in order to reduce the corrosion rate so as to maintain Integrity of pipelines.

PENGARUH KONSENTRASI INHIBITOR UBI UNGU TERHADAP LAJU KOROSI BAJA KARBON A53 DENGAN MEDIA AIR LAUT

ROTOR ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Ridho Unggul Nur Rahmadi ◽  
Imam Sholahuddin ◽  
Dwi Djumhariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Steel Material ◽  
Natural Inhibitor ◽  
Purple Sweet Potato ◽  
Purple Yam ◽  
Varied Concentration ◽  
Made In ◽  
Main Factor

Corrosion is a form of damage that occurs in metals. The main factor is the cause of the corrosion environment. A53 steel is a type of low carbon steel and a steel material types that are widely used for pipe applications. The use of a corrosion inhibitor is one way of preventing corrosion. Anthocyanin substances contained in purple yam can be made in a natural inhibitor, because the substance is an antioxidant anthocyanin which is an oxidation inhibitor. Variables used were varied concentration of 0 ppm, 2000 ppm, 4000 ppm and 6000 ppm. This study aims to determine the rate of corrosion, purpel sweet potato extract efficiencies and changes in microstructure. The method used in this study is experimental, inhibitor efficiency analysis, ANOVA test and analysis micro photo. The results showed that the material is corroded by pitting corrosion and uniform shape. Values on concentration lowest corrosion rate of 0.0044 mmpy 6000 ppm and 6000 ppm at the highest efficiency of 72.70%. Keywords: anthocyanin, steel A53, natural inhibitor, purple sweet potato.

Observation of Cracks Originating from Transition Area in Induction-Heated S45C Shaft under Rotating Bending Fatigue

2020 ◽  
Vol 832 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Koshiro Mizobe ◽  
Masayuki Matsushita ◽  
Takuya Shibukawa ◽  
Katsuyuki Kida
Keyword(s):  
Induction Heating ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Bending Fatigue ◽  
Transition Area ◽  
Rotating Bending Fatigue ◽  
Rotating Bending

Low carbon steel is one of the most common steels used in industry because of its low cost. If more strength is required, it can be strengthened by induction heating which is also a low-cost method. In order to investigate the effect of induction heating on large diameter shafts, we performed rolling bending fatigue tests using 10 mm diameter specimens. We found that TRO cracks originating from the boundary between the soft and hard layers governed the fatigue fracture of the shafts.

Tribological behavior and mechanical properties of friction stir processed HDPE/Fe-Fe3O4 composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Karimi ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Arab ◽  
Seyyed Reza Hosseini Zeidabadi ◽  
Sirus Javadpour
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Friction Stir

In the current work, high density polyethylene (HDPE) composites were fabricated via Friction Stir Processing (FSP). A two-phase Fe-Fe3O4 powder was used as the reinforcing agents. The extremely low cost powder was obtained from shot-blasting of as-forged low carbon steel components. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to phase analysis and evaluation of the purity of the as-received powder. The size distribution of the powder was determined by Laser Particle Size Analysis (LPSA). Also, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was employed to investigate the particles morphology. The processing used a cylindrical tool to impose the severe plastic deformation and material stirring in order to improve the mechanical properties and particles distribution. The tribological and mechanical properties of the fabricated samples were examined. According to the results, both the friction coefficient and specific wear rate of FSPed samples reduced remarkably. The hardness and tensile strength of the FSPed composites were higher than the FSPed HDPE samples; however, their elongations were lower.

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