Subsidized Energy Pricing in Bangladesh and Consequences of Phasing Subsidy Out

2012 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 1896-1900
Author(s):  
Asif Ahmed ◽  
Choudhury Mohammad Shahariar ◽  
M.A. Rashid Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Energy Pricing ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Gradual Process ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Phase Out ◽  
Energy Subsidy

Subsidized energy pricing is a practice that has been followed by almost all the countries, especially developing countries. Despite the requirement of energy subsidy for an economy like one in Bangladesh, it is a parasite that slowly eats up government money and blocks the process of sustainable growth. Bangladesh is not a country which has enough energy resources to sustain for the long run. So, proper consumption and less wastage is a must requirement. Thus, phasing out energy subsidy through a gradual process is the only way to go forward. But, rationalizing energy subsidy has some consequences over the society, economy and environment. So, it is high time to promote rational energy pricing and to prepare for the consequences. The government and policy makers are expected to add up with the steps they are already taking to phase out energy subsidy and thus go for better energy security. In this paper we have discussed the present energy pricing in Bangladesh and the consequence she is going to face if subsidy is phased out. Also we have shown the environmental consequences due to energy subsidy along with a set of proper recommendations for our government to take Bangladesh in the path of sustainable development.

scholarly journals The Regulatory Framework and Minerals Development in Vietnam: An Assessment of Challenges and Reform

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 4861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhi Ba Ba Nguyen ◽  
Bryan Boruff ◽  
Matthew Tonts
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Rent Seeking ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
The Past ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks

This paper aims to identify the key components of a modern mining regulatory framework and examines the extent to which the Vietnamese context reflects these characteristics. Through detailed observation of two research locations in Vietnam—Phuoc Son and Bong Mieu—the paper investigates how national policy operates at a local level. Findings show that, over the past decade, the Vietnamese Government has initiated substantial reforms to the regulatory frameworks governing mining, with the central objective to attract foreign direct investment (FDI). However, it has become apparent that these reforms have numerous deficiencies and loopholes that have led to a range of unintended economic, social and environmental consequences. To cope with challenges such as rent-seeking, limited capacities and capabilities of government staff, failure of institutions and neglect of local communities, policy makers will need to think differently and strategically about the mining industry and how regulations are implemented. Only by addressing these weaknesses will the path be paved for the sustainable growth of Vietnam’s mining industry into the future.

scholarly journals “…we were like tourists in the theatre, the interns assisted almost all procedures…” Challenges facing the training of Assistant Medical Officers in Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathanael Sirili ◽  
Amani Anaeli ◽  
Lilian Mselle ◽  
Obadia Venance Nyongole ◽  
Siriel Massawe
Keyword(s):  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
District Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Phase Out ◽  
Continued Medical Education

Abstract Background: Training of mid-level providers is a task sharing strategy that has gained popularity in the recent past for addressing critical shortage of health workforce. In Tanzania, training of mid-level providers has existed for over five decades, however, concerns are upon the quality of the mid-level cadres amidst the growing number of medical universities. This study sought to explore the challenges facing the training of the Assistant Medical Offices in Tanzania.Methods: An exploratory qualitative case study was carried out in four regions to include one rural district in each of the selected regions and two AMOs Training Colleges in Tanzania. A semi-structured interview guide was used to interview 29 Key informants from the district hospitals, district management, regional management, AMOs training college and one retired AMO. In addition, four focus group discussions were conducted with 35 AMO trainees.Results: Training of AMOs in Tanzania faces many challenges. The challenges include; use of outdated and static curriculum, inadequate tutors (lack of teaching skills and experience of teaching adults), Inadequate teaching infrastructure in existence of many other trainees to include interns, and limited or lack of scholarships and sponsorship for the AMO trainees. Conclusions: The findings of this study underscore that the challenges facing AMO training have the potentials to negatively impact the quality of care rendered by this cadre. Holistic approach is needed in addressing these challenges. The solutions should focus on reviewing the curriculum, deploying qualified tutors and improving the competencies of the available tutors through continued medical education programmes. Furthermore, the government in collaboration with other stakeholders should work together to address the challenges on teaching infrastructure and financial support to this cadre that has continued to be the backbone of the primary health care in Tanzania. Long term solution should consider to deploy the medical officers at the primary facilities and phase out the AMOs. Finally, challenges facing mid-level providers in Tanzania and similar settings are similar, thus these findings can be used as a starting pointing in addressing them.

scholarly journals Examining the Perception of the Youths towards Kazi Kwa Vijana ( Work for the Youth ) Programmes in Kericho Municipality of Kericho County, Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
Gilbert Langat
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
National Level ◽  
Youth Employment ◽  
Remedial Action ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Sports Policy ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Many ◽  
Goals And Objectives

This study was intended to examine the perception of the youths towards this programme and find out how the programme has been effective in sustainable youth employment through the Kazi Kwa Vijana programme in Kericho Municipality. This study was carried out amongst youths and their coordinators who participated in the projects of the Kazi Kwa Vijana programme in this Municipality. The study employed Hertzberg’s Two Factor theory which is effectively a theory of job satisfaction. Youths as employees of the KKV programme needed some hygiene and motivational factors referred herein as satisfiers and dissatisfiers. The challenges that affected the Kazi Kwa Vijana programme needed to be studied empirically so that remedial action is put in place for its sustainability in future and in the long run serve as a guideline for the many other projects to be initiated by the government. The study findings are useful to the Government of Kenya, Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, policy makers, NGOs, Kazi Kwa Vijana coordinators and all concerned stakeholders in devising workable strategies geared towards achieving the desired goals and objectives at the county and national level.

scholarly journals Traffic Conditions and Route Choice of Road Users Between Two Roundabouts

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 446-450
Author(s):  
Lin Zarni Win ◽  
Kyaing ◽  
Ko Ko Lwin ◽  
Yoshihide Sekimoto ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Government Policy ◽  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Route Choice ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Interview Methods ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All

This study aims to present the traffic conditions of one of the most congested areas in Yangon as well as the route choice behaviors of the road users in that area. It analyzes drivers’ route choice behaviors and traffic congestion according to road segments. Manual traffic counting and roadside interview methods were used in this survey. The data gathered were used in finding routes alternative to the U Htaung Bo road, which is extremely congested almost all the time. With regard to the report, it will be helpful to identify the scale of the problem that is caused by traffic congestion and to increase awareness of this issue, including amongst the government, policy makers, traffic engineers, and road users.

scholarly journals “…we were like tourists in the theatre, the interns assisted almost all procedures…” Challenges facing the Assistant Medical Officers training for the performance of Caesarean section delivery in Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathanael Sirili ◽  
Amani Anaeli ◽  
Lilian Mselle ◽  
Obadia Venance Nyongole ◽  
Siriel Massawe
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Caesarean Section Delivery ◽  
District Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Phase Out

Abstract Background: Training of mid-level providers is a task-sharing strategy that has gained popularity in the recent past for addressing the critical shortage of the health workforce. In Tanzania, training of mid-level providers has existed for over five decades, however, concerns are upon the quality of the mid-level cadres amidst the growing number of medical universities. This study sought to explore the challenges facing the Assistant Medical Officers training for the performance of Caesarean section delivery in Tanzania Methods: An exploratory qualitative case study was carried out in four regions to include one rural district in each of the selected regions and two AMOs Training Colleges in Tanzania. A semi-structured interview guide was used to interview 29 Key informants from the district hospitals, district management, regional management, AMOs training college, and one retired AMO. Also, four focus group discussions were conducted with 35 AMO trainees.Results: Training of AMOs in Tanzania faces many challenges. The challenges include; use of outdated and static curriculum, inadequate tutors (lack of teaching skills and experience of teaching adults), Inadequate teaching infrastructure in the existence of many other trainees to include interns, and limited or lack of scholarships and sponsorship for the AMO trainees. Conclusions: The findings of this study underscore that the challenges facing AMO training for the performance of Caesarean section delivery have the potentials to negatively impact the quality of Caesarean section performed by this cadre. A holistic approach is needed in addressing these challenges. The solutions should focus on reviewing the curriculum, deploy qualified tutors, and improving the competencies of the available tutors through continuing medical education programmes. Furthermore, the government in collaboration with other stakeholders should work together to address the challenges on teaching infrastructure and financial support to this cadre that has continued to be the backbone of the primary health care in Tanzania. Long term solution should consider to deploy the medical officers at the primary facilities and phase out the performance of Caesarean section by the AMOs.

scholarly journals Sustainable Growth in SMEs: A Review from the Malaysian Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tairuddin Yusoff ◽  
Sazali A. Wahab ◽  
Ahmad S. A. Latiff ◽  
Suzana I. W. Osman ◽  
Nur F. M. Zawawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
High Failure Rate ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Four Dimensions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Encompassing Model

The importance of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) contributions to the nations’ economies in the world is an undebatable fact. The same applies to Malaysia with 98.5% of the total business establishments being SMEs; contributing to 65.3% of total employment and 36.3% of GDP. Supports from the Government are never fading with huge allocations of budget every year but yet registering high failure rate. Sustainable growth of SMEs is long overdue. The awareness of the importance of sustainable growth of SMEs has resulted in the presence of various definitions and concepts of sustainable growth. This paper seeks to explore the literature on long-term and sustainable growth for SMEs and the enhanced knowledge on this area willbe aguidance to the policy makers, supporting agencies, advisors, entrepreneurs and academicians to seriously develop an all-encompassing model for sustainable growth of SMEs. This paper suggests an integrated sustainable growth model of SMEs with four dimensions of the economic factors.

scholarly journals Energiepolitik: Erfolgreiche Energiewende nur im europäischen Kontext

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 286-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malte Hübner ◽  
Christoph M. Schmidt ◽  
Benjamin Weigert
Keyword(s):  
Current System ◽  
Emission Trading ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Trading System ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Energy Concept ◽  
Green Certificates ◽  
The Government ◽  
Phase Out

AbstractThe German government’s adoption of the so-called Energy Concept in 2010 and its decision in the summer of 2011 to phase out nuclear energy altogether within the next ten years, has started a process of severe transformation of the German system of energy provision. Specifically, until 2050 renewables will have to become the dominant source of electricity generation. Disconcertingly, up to now the government has not outlined a comprehensive overall strategy how this objective should be achieved in practice. In this paper we discuss the necessary preconditions for a successful transformation in the German energy system. Overall cost of this transition could be held in check, if economic policy were to rely exclusively on a properly designed European Emission Trading System. Yet, instead of attempting to eliminate the remaining deficiencies of this already existing instrument, policy makers in Germany and all across Europe insist on devising additional subsidy schemes for renewables. We argue that the most sensible way to do this is by implementing a renewable support system that is harmonized across Europe. To this end, Germany should switch from current system of feed-in tariffs to a quantity-based system of Green Certificates and, in a second step, combine the German Green Certificate market with that of other European countries.

scholarly journals NEXUS BETWEEN CONSUMER WELFARE AND MARSHALIAN’S DEMAND FUNCTION; EVIDENCE FROM PAKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
pp. 101-114
Author(s):  
Gulzar Ali ◽  
Sara Rafiq ◽  
Ansa Javed
Keyword(s):  
Demand Function ◽  
Consumer Welfare ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Basic Objective ◽  
The Government ◽  
Positive Effect

Consumer welfare and their satisfaction is the primary and basic objective of any government, policy makers and economists. The theory of economics encircles from welfares of the consumers. In this regard, the demand function has persuasive role in determining the welfare through purchasing power. That’s why, the consumer welfare is measured from Marshallian’s demand through Indirect Utility Function during 1980-2017 for Pakistan. The variables are stationary at level and in analytical technique, the NLS and ARMA (Least Regression Analysis) method was operative through econometric views (E-Views) software. The result indicates that income of the consumer has significant and positive effect, while price of goods has significantly negative effect on the consumer welfare and utility in case of Pakistan. Further, the long run association of consumption, income and consumer welfare was found. This study recommends that incremental efforts are required by the government to bring stability in the prices of goods, policies must aim and focus on provision of employment and income generating activities, control of income inequality and minimize income class disparities to maximization welfare of the individuals living in different regions and in societies of Pakistan.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Economic Growth and Misery Index: Evidence from Transition Countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebru Çağlayan Akay ◽  
Zamira Oskonbaeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Transition Countries ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Panel Ardl ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Misery Index ◽  
The Government ◽  
Main Components

Unemployment and inflation, the main components of the misery index, continue to be vital macroeconomic problems, which draw researchers’ attention both in developed and developing countries. The study investigates the interaction among economic growth and misery index in the selected transition countries using Panel ARDL. In the study, annual data for the period of 1996-2017 of selected 16 transition countries are used. The findings of the study show that there is a long-run relationship between the misery index and economic growth. In other words, it can be concluded that economic misery deteriorates economic growth. If the economy is to be sustainably improved, the misery index should be taken into account. The government needs a policy of decreasing inflation and unemployment, which is one of the fundamental macroeconomic policy priorities. This study may provide policy-makers with new insights to evaluate the role of economic misery in enhancing economic growth in transition countries.

scholarly journals MT Embedded E-Learning in India - Challenges for NLP/AI

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2577-2582
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Indian Languages ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Multilingual Education ◽  
E Learning ◽  
The Government ◽  
Almost All ◽  
New Education

Indian languages are spoken by more than 90% of its population while most of the higher education happens in English medium. The policy makers in Indian government have realized that by introducing multilingual education electronically, they can reach out to the remotest corner of India and educate all in their mother tongue. The New Education Policy (NEP) draft just released by the government puts a heavy focus on mother tongues in education. The recent initiatives and focus on Natural Language Processing/ Artificial Intelligence (NLP/AI) in education through e-learning is not too surprising in this context. The paper presents the current initiatives in these directions by the government of India, surveys available NLP technologies particularly those for automatic translation of educational content developed by academia and industry and focuses on the Maithili language community. India's education needs are diverse and the success of e-learning depends heavily on the availability of necessary NLP tools in all languages. Almost all of major scheduled Indian languages are considered "resource-poor". While some of these languages may have the basic tools, they lack quality translation tools for delivering education in native language. The situation is more challenging in those languages where even the most basic resources and tools do not exist. Maithili - a language of Bihar and Nepal is such a language. The paper also presents an effort to develop MT resources and tools for Maithili and its application in delivering multilingual content for education.

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