Analysis and Related Preventive Measures of Explosion Risk Factors of LPG Rail Transport

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 3696-3700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Jie Xiao ◽  
Zhi Dong Zhu ◽  
Rui Fang Mou
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Fault Tree Analysis ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Railway Transportation ◽  
Dangerous Goods ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Explosion Accidents ◽  
Transport Of Dangerous Goods

Railway transportation safety management must adhere to the approach of safety and prevention first. The transport of dangerous goods should be paid more attention as a particularly important part. This paper made use of fault tree analysis to research and analyze the risk factors of dangerous goods LPG which may explode in the rail transport. The analysis was made from two aspects of chemistry and physics, then the minimal cut sets and structure importance of the specific factors which may cause explosion accidents are solved, and the importance of each factor is analyzed and sorted on the calculated results. Based on the above method, measures of LPG rail transport explosion prevention were proposed.

scholarly journals Modern challenges of dangerous and extraordinary goods transportations

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Popkowski ◽  
Dmytro Bugayko
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Dangerous Goods ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Material Goods ◽  
General Order ◽  
Transport Of Dangerous Goods ◽  
And Training

Dangerous goods - goods which, by the nature of their physical characteristics, chemical composition, dimensions, or other specific features and nature (live animals or fish), for some reason endanger human life or health, the environment natural or general order or material goods, including those with features of the principles of humanitarianism. The transport of dangerous and oversize goods is one of the most difficult specialties in the field of goods transport in public transport, in particular in road and rail transport. Such transport is regulated by a number of legal acts that do not apply to companies carrying out tasks related to the transport of loads, the so-called neutral. The United Nations has created a closed TN directory, giving everyone a four-digit "UN number", at the same time dividing them into classes depending on the threat or the predominant threat. The provisions of the ADR agreement relate, inter alia, to the rules (requirements) for TN transport in terms of limiting the possible effects of a potential release of hazardous substances (e.g. as a result of road or rail collisions), as well as, above all, the forms and principles of preventing the possibility of such events. The transport of dangerous goods is a special type of transport and it is subject to specific legal provisions, meeting and observing a number of specific requirements. The safety of this type of transport depends on the proper organization of its transport and the maximum involvement of participants in the entire process. The organization of the transport of hazardous materials requires a comprehensive, comprehensive view of the vehicle, packaging and cargo (means of transport and packaging should be adapted to the transported goods) as well as people involved in the preparation of transport, drivers with appropriate authorizations and training, setting the route, securing this routes in terms of maintaining safety in the event of an emergency. The article offers the author's approaches to the investigation of modern challenges of dangerous and extraordinary goods transportations.

Critical Analysis of Train Derailments in Canada through Process Safety Techniques and Insights into Enhanced Safety Management Systems

2022 ◽  
pp. 036119812110628
Author(s):  
Nafiseh Esmaeeli ◽  
Fereshteh Sattari ◽  
Lianne Lefsrud ◽  
Renato Macciotta
Keyword(s):  
Safety Management ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Rail Transportation ◽  
Safety Management Systems ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Dangerous Goods ◽  
Incident Investigation ◽  
Transport Of Dangerous Goods ◽  
Integrated Supply Chain

Canada’s rail transportation network is a critical part of Canada’s integrated supply chain which connects industries, consumers, and resource sectors to ports on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts. One transportation activity that is essential to most industries, especially oil and manufacturing, is the rail transport of dangerous goods (DG). Although rail transportation of DG is beneficial to Canada’s economy, not paying attention to the safe transportation of these types of goods can have irreparable effects on the economy, human lives, and the environment. Recent rail accidents, such as Lake Wabamun in 2005 and Lac-Mégantic in 2013, have shown that there is still room to increase the safety of transportation of DG by rail through improving railways’ safety management systems (SMS). As a result, investigations to increase the safety of rail transportation of DG have been started. This work is part of these initiatives focusing on enhancing railways’ SMS, particularly DG main-track train derailments. The current study applied detailed root cause analysis (RCA), the bow tie analysis (BTA), and incident databases to identify the main causes and consequences of these types of accidents (2007–2017). Then, the relationship between these factors and gaps in SMS elements were identified and the frequency of each factor was investigated. The results showed that the main gaps are related to process and equipment integrity, incident investigation, and company standards, codes, and regulations. Furthermore, some useful recommendations are presented to improve the management of each SMS element and reduce these gaps.

Assessing the risks associated with the transport of dangerous goods by truck and rail using the RISKMOD model

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Van Aerde ◽  
J. Shortreed ◽  
A. M. Stewart ◽  
M. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Fault Tree Analysis ◽  
Damage Threshold ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Total Risk ◽  
Damage Models ◽  
Dangerous Goods ◽  
Risk Cost ◽  
Transport Of Dangerous Goods ◽  
The Impact

To provide an objective tool for assessing the risks involved in the transport of dangerous goods, a model called RISKMOD-I was developed for Transport Canada by the Institute for Risk Research. The model implements the computational aspects of a comprehensive risk assessment methodology which addresses both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of dangerous goods releases following a transport incident. This paper describes the model's implementation, data requirements, and outputs.The risk assessment model consists of an analysis of link-specific accident rates and a fault tree analysis to determine the probability of a dangerous good release of a particular type. In parallel, a series of commodity-specified damage models compute the impact areas associated with representative sizes and types of releases. The impact areas for each damage threshold are then multiplied by the population density and property exposure along each link to determine the total risk associated with a dangerous goods shipment that uses the link. This estimate of total risk can optimally be further converted into a risk cost value in monetary terms and summarized for the entire route. Both the risk and risk cost estimates are intended to be used in conjunction with other subjective analyses and performance measures to provide a comprehensive decision-making aid for risk managers. Key words: dangerous goods transport, truck and rail accidents, risk analysis.

scholarly journals Methodology of risk assessment and forms of environmental safety management for the transport of dangerous goods by railway transport

2019 ◽  
Vol 294 ◽  
pp. 03011
Author(s):  
Yuliia Zelenko ◽  
Oleh Dzhus ◽  
Volodymyr Dzhus ◽  
Dmytro Yanchenko
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Environmental Management System ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Railway Transport ◽  
Functional Strategy ◽  
Dangerous Goods ◽  
Transportation Process ◽  
Transport Of Dangerous Goods

The authors examined the scientific basis for managing environmental and economic risks in the transport of dangerous goods by rail. The importance of optimizing the monitoring of environmental safety and the organization of environmental risk management was noted. The paper presents the interrelation of the functional strategy of ensuring the reliability of the transportation process with other strategies. A new functional strategy and a schematic diagram of the environmental management system for making management decisions to optimize environmental management in railway transport have been proposed. A conceptual apparatus has been developed to identify and determine environmental risks and the principle of their management during the transport of dangerous goods by railway transport.

scholarly journals Accident Cause Factor of Fires and Explosions in Tankers Using Fault Tree Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 844
Author(s):  
Young-Joong Ahn ◽  
Yong-Ung Yu ◽  
Jong-Kwan Kim
Keyword(s):  
Safety Management ◽  
Fault Tree ◽  
Fault Tree Analysis ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Tree Analysis ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
Fire And Explosion ◽  
Explosion Accidents ◽  
Atmosphere Environment

Fire and explosion accidents occur frequently in tankers because they transport large quantities of dangerous cargo. To prevent fire and explosion accidents, it is necessary to analyze factors that cause accidents and their effects. In this study, factors that cause fire and explosion accidents were classified using the 4M disaster analysis method, and each factor’s effect on the accident was analyzed using fault tree analysis (FTA). First, the unsafe tank atmosphere environment was identified as a primary cause of fire and explosion accidents in tankers, and the underlying causes of these accidents were investigated. The probability of underlying causes leading to primary causes was derived using an expert survey. The results showed that management and media factors had a greater impact on the unsafe tank atmosphere environment than human factors. To prevent fire and explosion accidents, it is necessary to ensure sufficient working and resting times for seafarers and compliance with procedures and work guidelines. A generalization of the results of present and future studies will enable the identification of the cause and preventive measures for fire and explosion accidents in tankers. Furthermore, this will reduce accidents in tankers and contribute to future safety management measures of ships and companies.

scholarly journals Analysis of shipboard fire/explosion accidents occurred in the Turkish search and rescue area

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-232
Author(s):  
Fatih Yılmaz
Keyword(s):  
Safety Management ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Search And Rescue ◽  
Transportation Safety ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
Coordination Center ◽  
Explosion Accidents ◽  
Recreational Vessels

A shipboard fire/explosion may be occurred due to various causal factors such as actions, omissions, events or conditions. In this study, it is aimed to carry out an analysis focused on shipboard fire/explosion casualties. With this aim, the data on 127 shipboard fire/explosion casualties occurred in the Turkish Search and Rescue area, which were reported to the Main Search and Rescue Coordination Center between 2006-2015, have been analyzed. As a result of the statistical analysis (descriptive statistics), it has been observed that majority of the shipboard fire/explosion casualties were occurred on-board the Turkish flagged ships, on-board small passenger vessels/recreational vessels/private-commercial yachts among the classified ship types, in the regions of İstanbul, İzmir and Çanakkale, in the summer season, during the night-time, and in machinery spaces of the ships by described locations. It has been also observed that main events caused shipboard fires/explosion casualties were electricity contact/leakage, gas accumulation/leakage, cargo ignition, welding/hot works and other undescribed factors. Additionally, by examining the existing shipboard fire & explosion accident investigation reports of Transportation Safety Investigation Center between 2014-2020, it has been observed that the main possible causal/contributing factors for the shipboard fire/explosion casualties were related with the violations of the ISM-Safety Management System (SMS) requirements. Many previous studies in the relevant literature point out to the ISM/SMS-related causal/contributing factors as well. In conclusion, special attention should be paid to the effective implementation and continuous improvement of the ISM/SMS procedures related with shipboard fire safety for the prevention of shipboard fire/explosion casualties as well.

Process Safety Approach to Identify Opportunities for Enhancing Rail Transport Safety in Canada

2020 ◽  
pp. 036119812095700
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Sattari ◽  
Renato Macciotta ◽  
Lianne Lefsrud
Keyword(s):  
Control Strategies ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Safety Reporting ◽  
Dangerous Goods ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Transport Of Dangerous Goods ◽  
Serious Injuries ◽  
Measurement And Control

The amount of dangerous goods (DG) transported by rail within Canada has increased by an average of approximately 25% since 2004, with a 42.5% increase in transported fuels and chemicals between 2011 and 2017. Further, movement of DG by rail is forecasted to continue increasing. Sustainable growth in the transport of dangerous goods (TDG) by rail will require acceptable safety levels. This study provides insight into key occurrence types for TDG and their causes, to better focus on risk control strategies, including measurement and control of leading and lagging safety indicators. This work also reviews current safety performance and Canadian railway incident occurrence databases. The results of the analyses suggested that the performance against lagging indicators currently being reported is adequate, including derailments and collisions (main and nonmain track), serious injuries (including fatalities), DG leakers, and releases. Furthermore, a list of the rail accidents with the greatest number of fatalities was used to calculate a crude estimate of societal risk associated with rail transportation. According to UK Health and Safety Executive (HSE) recommendations, this analysis indicated that the estimated rail transport risks would be considered acceptable when assessed at a milepost scale. However, there are opportunities for further enhancing safety reporting, management, and performance.

scholarly journals Rescue during the rail transport of dangerous goods

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Karolina Jaworska ◽  
Gabriel Nowacki
Keyword(s):  
Rail Transport ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Dangerous Goods ◽  
Rescue System ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Transport Of Dangerous Goods

An article constitutes characterization of basic information about rail transport of goods. Firstly, it presents basic information about rail transport such as national and international rules of law, rail’s infrastructure and main companies responsible for the organization of transport. Secondly, paper discussed the threats connected with rail transport of goods and it shows procedures and behaviors which should be taken in case of an accident on the railroad. Another theme mentioned in the paper concerns rescue during the rail transport of dangerous goods. The proposition is to improve existing rescue system what will permit to increase the safety of people and the environment. The Article is finished by a brief summary of content described in it.

scholarly journals Transport of dangerous goods by rail

2018 ◽  
Vol 235 ◽  
pp. 00004
Author(s):  
Andrea Galieriková ◽  
Jarmila Sosedová ◽  
Andrej Dávid ◽  
Miroslav Bariak
Keyword(s):  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Dangerous Goods ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Dangerous Good ◽  
Transport Modes ◽  
Transport Of Dangerous Goods ◽  
The Eu

Every day, products identified as dangerous goods are transported across the EU by road, rail, water and air. Currently, large quantities of different types of dangerous goods are transported by rail. The influence of random factors and events can lead to an accident resulting in a leakage of hazardous substances. These types of incidents not only threaten the safety of rail transport, but also life, environment and property. The paper defines legal framework of DGT (dangerous good transport), risks during the carriage of hazardous materials and the main advantages of the rail transport of dangerous goods, compared with other transport modes.

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