Effect of Temperature on the Morphology and Optical Properties of ZnO Nanoparticles Prepared by Forced Condensation Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 678 ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
P. Suresh Kumar ◽  
A. Dhayal Raj ◽  
R. Suresh ◽  
D. Mangalaraj
Keyword(s):  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Condensation Method ◽  
Nanostructured Metal Oxides

Intensive and innovative research is focused on the preparation of various nanostructured materials especially nanostructured metal oxides as applicable to number of applications.The present work mainly emphasis a single step synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles by employing surfactant free forced condensation method. Surface morphology of the sample was precisely controlled by varying the calcination conditions. Investigation on the structure, surface and composition of ZnO nanoparticles is of both fundamental interest and technological importance. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reviled that the ZnO nanoparticles exhibits crystalline with the preferential orientation along (1 0 0) plane. SEM image shows the nanoparticles are in the range of 75 to 150 nm with spherical shape. The room temperature PL spectra of ZnO particles exhibited strong ultraviolet photoluminescence around 380 nm at room temperature.

Simple and Easy Method to Synthesize Chicken Eggshell Based Hydroxyapatite

2014 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
pp. 276-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Setyanto Tri Wahyudi ◽  
Setia Utami Dewi ◽  
Ajeng Anggraeni ◽  
Kiagus Dahlan ◽  
Akhmaloka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Easy Method ◽  
Food Industries ◽  
Support Materials ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Chicken Eggshell ◽  
Normal Atmospheric Pressure

Hydroxyapatite is a common material applied in orthophedia and dentistry. The application of this material is currently expanded to biotechnology field, such as to be used as support materials for enzymes immobilization. Hydroxyapatite can be synthesized by utilizing chicken eggshell waste in household and food industries. This work is aiming to provide a simple and easy method to synthesize hydroxyapatite from chicken eggshell. The synthesis of hydroxyapatite was firstly carried out by reacting chicken eggshell powder (calcium precursor) with (NH4)2HPO4via modified precipitation at room temperature and normal atmospheric pressure. The mixture was then stirred variably for 1, 2, 3, and 24 hours. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis suggests that hydroxyapatite powder derived from this procedure formed a single-phase crystal and it was completely formed after the reaction has run for 1 hour. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image showed that the synthesized hydroxyapatite forms a rice-like pattern. The size of hydroxyapatite crystal measured at (002) plane was about 45 nm. Our result showed that simple modified precipitation at room temperature and normal atmospheric pressure in one hour reaction has successfully synthesized hydroxyapatite from chicken eggshell.

scholarly journals Effect of Ag Doping on Properties of Al–Doped ZnO Nanoparticles Varies as Zn1-X-YAgxALYO

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-152
Author(s):  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Sanjayay Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Crystalline Size ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Doping ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Doped Zno

In present study, undoped ZnO, Zn0.8Ag0.2O, Zn0.8Al0.2O and Zn0.6Al0.2Ag0.2O samples are synthesized by simple solution method. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and UV-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy are used to perform the characterization of undoped, doped and codoped samples. XRD analysis is exposed that hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure obtained for undoped, doped and codoped samples without any extra representation of impurity phases. The crystalline size is when evaluated by using Scherrer, It has 44, 49, 41and 37nm for undoped ZnO, Zn0.8Ag0.2O, Zn0.8Al0.2O and Zn0.6Al0.2Ag0.2O samples. Similarly, the crystalline size and strain are also evaluated by Williamson hall (W-H) and size strain plot (SSP) for the undoped, doped and codoped nanoparticles. The evaluated crystalline size by SSP is three times greater than the result of the scherrer method. The SEM exposes that surface morphology of nanoparticle samples, in this case is the formation of large agglomeration in spherical shape with nanocrystallites of undoped and doped ZnO with apparent and definite boundaries. EDX points out the replacement of Al2+ and Ag+ with Zn2+ in ZnO matrix and consequences in the development of single-phase Zn1−x−yAgxAlyO. The blueshift is shown in UV-Vis absorption spectra because the band gap value increases with the increase in doping, except Ag+ doped ZnO nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Green Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Leaf Extract of Carissa carandas L. and Their Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity against Human Pathogenic Bacteria

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Reetika Singh ◽  
Christophe Hano ◽  
Gopal Nath ◽  
Bechan Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Human Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Carissa Carandas ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity

Carissa carandas L. is traditionally used as antibacterial medicine and accumulates many antioxidant phytochemicals. Here, we expand this traditional usage with the green biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) achieved using a Carissa carandas L. leaf extract as a reducing and capping agent. The green synthesis of AgNPs reaction was carried out using 1mM silver nitrate and leaf extract. The effect of temperature on the synthesis of AgNPs was examined using room temperature (25 °C) and 60 °C. The silver nanoparticles were formed in one hour by stirring at room temperature. In this case, a yellowish brown colour was developed. The successful formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by UV–Vis, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The characteristic peaks of the UV-vis spectrum and XRD confirmed the synthesis of AgNPs. The biosynthesised AgNPs showed potential antioxidant activity through DPPH assay. These AgNPs also exhibited potential antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria. The results were compared with the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the plant extract, and clearly suggest that the green biosynthesized AgNPs can constitute an effective antioxidant and antibacterial agent.

Dielectric Properties and Raman Spectroscopy in Ca-Substituted Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 Ferroelectric Ceramics

2011 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 298-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Jean Roukos ◽  
Olivier Bidault ◽  
Julien Pansiot ◽  
Ludivine Minier ◽  
Lucien Saviot
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Rhombohedral Phase ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Ferroelectric Ceramics ◽  
Dielectric Measurements ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Lead free Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (NBT) and (Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3)1-x(CaTiO3)x (NBT-CT) piezoelectric ceramics with the perovskite structure were studied. The NBT and NBT-CT samples were synthesized using a solid-state reaction method and characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and dielectric measurements for several compositions (x = 0, 0.07, 0.15) at room temperature. The XRD analysis showed a stabilization of a rhombohedral phase at a low concentration of Ca (0 < x <0.15), whereas Raman spectra reveal a strong modification for the sample with x = 0.15. The dielectric properties of these ceramics were studied by measuring impedance in the 79-451K temperature range for unpoled and field cooling with an electric field (FC) conditions.

Investigation of Thermoelectric Performance of MoS2-Templated Polyaniline Nanocomposites

2019 ◽  
Vol 821 ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Mariam K. Ali ◽  
A.A. Moneim
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Transition Metal Dichalcogenides ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Molybdenum Disulphide ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Metal Dichalcogenides

Polyaniline has attracted a lot of attention for thermoelectric (T.E) applications, however their drawback materials is that they possess low power factors than the state-of-the-art materials such as BiTe-based, BiSb-based, PbTe-based, etc. [1-4]. Currently, in order to enhance the T.E properties, hybrids between the polymer and other components such as carbon materials, other polymers, and even inorganic materials are being investigated. In this work, the effect of MoS2 addition on the T.E properties of polyaniline was investigated. The MoS2 nanoflowers were first synthesized via hydrothermal process at 200 °C for 24 hrs after which they were used for templated in situ polymerization of polyaniline. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) image showed that the MoS2 nanoflowers were covered with the polyaniline during the polymerization process and this was confirmed from the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis which showed existence of both the polyaniline and MoS2 in the synthesized material. The electrical conductivity of polyaniline was reported to be 10-3 S cm-1 and it was noticed that addition of minute amounts of MoS2 into polyaniline resulted in an enhancement of the electrical conductivities of up to two orders of magnitude. Nanocomposite with 5 % MoS2 (PMX-5) showed optimized power factor values ranging from 6.30 x 10-2 - 1.12 x 10-3 μW m-1 K-2 for the temperature range studied. This study therefore provides a facile approach for synthesis of polyaniline-molybdenum disulphide nanocomposites and the results obtained confirm that transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have a potential for the enhancement of T.E properties of polyaniline.

Characteristics and Photocatalytic Activity of Sm Doped ZnO Nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Vol 799 ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavels Rodionovs ◽  
Dzidra Jankovica ◽  
Jānis Grabis
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Calcination Temperature ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Order Rate Constant ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
First Order ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Gel Combustion

Sm2O3/ZnO nanoparticles were prepared via microwave-assisted hydrothermal and sol-gel combustion synthesis. Characteristics of obtained samples were compared in dependence of Sm2O3 content and calcination temperature. Prepared nanostructures were characterized with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Nanoparticles prepared via microwave-assisted hydrothermal and sol-gel method have flower-like and spherical shape respectively. The photocatalytic activity of samples under solar light simulated illumination was found to be affected by content of Sm2O3, calcination temperature and preparation method. The first-order rate constant of MB solution degradation of samples prepared via microwave-assisted hydrothermal method approximately three times exceeds that of sol-gel samples.

scholarly journals RSM-BBD Optimization of Fenton-Like Degradation of 4-Nitrophenol Using Magnetite Impregnated Kaolin

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 117862212093212
Author(s):  
Neway Belachew ◽  
Redeat Fekadu ◽  
Amare Ayalew Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Vibrating Sample Magnetometer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Pure Phases ◽  
Highly Porous

In this work, we have reported a low-cost and environmentally friendly Fe3O4-modified activated kaolin (AK-Fe3O4) composite for efficient Fenton-like degradation of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) and optimization of the degradation variables. The AK-Fe3O4 composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder x-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). X-ray diffraction confirms the syntheses of pure phases of Fe3O4 and AK-Fe3O4. The SEM image of the AK-Fe3O4 composite reveals the formation of a highly porous surface. The room temperature VSM analysis describes the superparamagnetic nature of AK-Fe3O4 composites with 25 emu/g magnetization values. Response surface methodology coupled with Box-Behnken design was used to optimize the 4-NP degradation (%) variables such as contact time (10-90 minutes), 4-NP concentration (10-30 mg/L), and pH (3-8). The high regression value ( R² = 0.9964 and adjusted R² = 0.9917) and analysis of variance ( P < .0001) show that the quadratic model can sufficiently explain the 4-NP degradation (%). The optimum 4-NP degradation was found to be 96.01% ± 1.89% using 1 mg/mL of AK-Fe3O4, 20 mg/L of 4-NP, 97.9 mmol/L of H2O2, and pH of 3 at the end of 75 minutes of reaction time. Moreover, the catalyst shows good recyclability and stability after 5 successive degradations of 4-NP. In general, a low-cost and magnetically separable AK-Fe3O4 composite is an effective Fenton-like catalyst for the degradation of 4-NP.

scholarly journals Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Their Bactericidal and Antimycotic Activities against Oral Microbes

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osvelia E. Rodríguez-Luis ◽  
Rene Hernandez-Delgadillo ◽  
Rosa Isela Sánchez-Nájera ◽  
Gabriel Alejandro Martínez-Castañón ◽  
Nereyda Niño-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Glycyrrhiza Glabra ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Synthesize Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Oral Biofilms ◽  
Oral Microbes ◽  
Average Size

Nanotechnology is a new discipline with huge applications including medicine and pharmacology industries. Although several methods and reducing agents have been employed to synthesize silver nanoparticles, reactive chemicals promote toxicity and nondesired effects on the human and biological systems. The objective of this work was to synthesize silver nanoparticles fromGlycyrrhiza glabraandAmphipterygium adstringensextracts and determine their bactericidal and antimycotic activities againstEnterococcus faecalisandCandida albicansgrowth, respectively. 1 and 10 mM silver nitrate were mixed with an extract ofGlycyrrhiza glabraandAmphipterygium adstringens.Green silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were characterized by TEM, Vis-NIR, FTIR, fluorescence, DLS, TGA, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Bactericidal and antimycotic activities of AgNPs were determined by Kirby and Bauer method and cell viability MTT assays. AgNPs showed a spherical shape and average size of 9 nm if prepared withGlycyrrhiza glabraextract and 3 nm if prepared withAmphipterygium adstringensextract. AgNPs inhibited the bacterial and fungal growth as was expected, without a significant cytotoxic effect on human epithelial cells. Altogether, these results strongly suggest that AgNPs could be an interesting option to control oral biofilms.

Structural, Optical and Room Temperature Magnetic Study of Mn-Doped ZnO Nanoparticles

NANO ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 1650042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majed Sharrouf ◽  
Ramadan Awad ◽  
Salem Marhaba ◽  
Douaa El-Said Bakeer
Keyword(s):  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Peak Shift ◽  
Antiferromagnetic Coupling ◽  
Ferromagnetic Behavior ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Doped Zno ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Mn Doped

Undoped and Mn-doped ZnO nanoparticles (Zn[Formula: see text]MnxO), with nominal weight percentages [Formula: see text], have been synthesized by co-precipitation technique. The synthesized nanoparticles are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). From XRD analysis, the compound ZnMnO3 is formed for [Formula: see text] with cubic structure ([Formula: see text][Formula: see text]Å) and its concentration increases with x. Moreover, XRD analysis reveals the wurtzite hexagonal crystal structure for ZnO. The lattice parameters (a and c) of Zn[Formula: see text]MnxO are calculated and they increase with the doping concentration of Mn as a consequence of the larger ionic size of Mn[Formula: see text] ions compared to Zn[Formula: see text] ions. The crystallite size is calculated for all the samples using Debye–Scherrer’s method (SSM), Williamson–Hall methods (UDM, USDM and UDEDM) and Size-Strain Plot method (SSP), and the results are in good agreement with TEM. The presence of functional groups and the chemical bonding is confirmed by FTIR spectra that shows a peak shift between undoped and doped ZnO. The energy bandgap [Formula: see text] is calculated for different concentrations of Mn [Formula: see text] by using the UV-visible optical spectroscopy, between 300[Formula: see text]nm and 800[Formula: see text]nm, showing a noticeable drop in [Formula: see text] with x. At room temperature, the magnetization of the samples reveals the intrinsic ferromagnetic (FM) behavior of undoped ZnO, ferromagnetic behavior of ZnxMn[Formula: see text]O [Formula: see text] and the co-existence of ferromagnetic and paramagnetic behavior for ZnxMn[Formula: see text]O [Formula: see text]. This ferromagnetism is decreased for the doped samples as a consequence of antiferromagnetic coupling between Mn ions. The two samples correspond to [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], tend to be superparamagnetic because of the formation of single domain particles as a consequence of small particle size. [Formula: see text] shows an optimum value of Mn concentration for maximum saturation magnetization and the best ferromagnetic nature.

A Novel Chemical Reduction Route towards the Synthesis of Nickel Nanoparticles at Room Temperature

2011 ◽  
Vol 694 ◽  
pp. 293-297
Author(s):  
Zhi Gang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Nickel Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Nickel Chloride ◽  
Metallic Nickel ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solid States

Pure metallic nickel nanoparticles, spherical shape have been successfully synthesized by the chemical reduction of nickel chloride with hydrazine at room temperature without any protective agent and inert gas protection. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were employed to characterize the nickel nanoparticles and of course, the magnetic properties were also measured. This synthetic method is proven to be simple and very facile. And it’s very interesting that the obtained nickel nanoparticle can be isolated in solid states and stabilized for several months in atmosphere.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document