scholarly journals Embedded System for Detection, Recognition and Classification of Traffic Signs

2013 ◽  
Vol 705 ◽  
pp. 343-351
Author(s):  
Diogo Veríssimo Correia ◽  
Pedro Dinis Gaspar
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Traffic Signs ◽  
The Road ◽  
System A ◽  
Static Images ◽  
The Embedded System ◽  
Arm7 Processor ◽  
Computational Resources

This study concerns the development of an embedded system with low computational resources and low power consumption. It uses the NXP LPC2106 with ARM7 processor architecture, for acquiring, processing and classifying images. This embedded system is design to detect and recognize traffic signs. Taking into account the processor capabilities and the desired features for the embedded system, a set of algorithms was developed that require low computational resources and memory. These features were accomplished using a modified Freeman Method in conjunction with a new algorithm "ear pull" proposed in this work. Each of these algorithms was tested with static images, using code developed for MATLAB and for the CMUcam3. The road environment was simulated and experimental tests were performed to measure traffic signs recognition rate on real environment. The technical limitations imposed by the embedded system led to an increased complexity of the project, however the final results provide a recognition rate of 77% on road tests. Thus, the embedded system features overcome the initial expectations and highlight the potentialities of both algorithms that were developed.

A FPGA-Based Cloud-Edge Collaboration Platform in Cloud Manufacturing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Xiao ◽  
Chun Zhao ◽  
Yue Liu ◽  
Lin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Cloud Manufacturing ◽  
Computing Power ◽  
Edge Node ◽  
Computing Model ◽  
System A ◽  
Task Model ◽  
Time Sensitivity ◽  
System Module ◽  
The Embedded System

Abstract To address the issue that many devices are connected to the cloud during the manufacturing process, which causes severe delays in analyzing massive manufacturing data in the cloud, an FPGA-based architecture of cloud edge collaboration is proposed. In this architecture, manufacturing equipment is connected to the cloud through an FPGA-based embedded edge node. The device data obtained by the edge node is processed by the FPGA module and the embedded system module according to the time-sensitivity. Considering the limited computing power of a single edge node, to realize cloud-edge collaborative computing, a communication-oriented task model and a computing model for edge nodes are designed. The task model learns cloud to edge and edge-edge communication, and the task model realizes the function of migrating computing tasks to other nodes. The edge node system’s design is realized based on the communication-oriented task model and the computing model for edge nodes. The cloud edge collaboration method is researched and explored based on this system. A series of comparative experiments, comparing the time delay of the FPGA module and embedded system module processing the same data, the framework’s usability and data processing ability can be verified.

A Method of Extracting Feature of Phonic Signal Based on the Matrix Analysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 457-458 ◽  
pp. 1200-1203
Author(s):  
Yang Xu ◽  
Fang Chao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Feature Vector ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Audio Signal ◽  
Coefficient Matrix ◽  
Matrix Analysis ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Feature Vectors ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Embedded System

In the speech recognition technology, feature extraction is essential for the system recognition rate, taking amount of strategies to find the better feature vectors are most researchers target. This paper presents a method of extracting feature of audio signal based on the discrete wavelet transform, then decomposed the coefficient matrix by the matrix analysis way, through this method to find a new thinking on the way of extracting feature vector. The method can be achieved in the procedure. The main purpose is to reduce the dimension of feature vector, make the vector briefer, and then reduce the computing complexity in the embedded system. This method can reduce the feature vectors dimension, accelerated the computing velocity.

Embedded Real-Time System for Traffic Sign Recognition on ARM Processor

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassene Faiedh ◽  
Wajdi Farhat ◽  
Sabrine Hamdi ◽  
Chokri Souani
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Color Space ◽  
Traffic Sign ◽  
Real Time System ◽  
The Road ◽  
Arm Processor ◽  
Sign Recognition ◽  
Detection And Recognition

This article proposes the design of a novel hardware embedded system used for automatic real-time road sign recognition. The algorithm used was implemented in two main steps. The first step, which detects the road signs, is performed by the maximally stable extremal region method on HSV color space. The second step enables the recognition of the detected signs by using the oriented fast and rotated brief features method. The novelty of the embedded hardware system, on an ARM processor, leads to a real-time implementation of the ADAS applications. The proposed system was tested on the Belgium Traffic Sign Detection and Recognition Benchmark and on the German Traffic Signs Datasets. The proposed approach attained a high detection and recognition rate with real-world situations. The achieved results are acceptable when compared to state-of-the-art systems.

scholarly journals Timing Comparison of the Real-Time Operating Systems for Small Microcontrollers

Symmetry ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioan Ungurean
Keyword(s):  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Operating Systems ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Time Requirements ◽  
Basic Services ◽  
The Embedded System ◽  
Embedded Operating Systems

In automatic systems used in the control and monitoring of industrial processes, fieldbuses with specific real-time requirements are used. Often, the sensors are connected to these fieldbuses through embedded systems, which also have real-time features specific to the industrial environment in which it operates. The embedded operating systems are very important in the design and development of embedded systems. A distinct class of these operating systems is real-time operating systems (RTOSs) that can be used to develop embedded systems, which have hard and/or soft real-time requirements on small microcontrollers (MCUs). RTOSs offer the basic support for developing embedded systems with applicability in a wide range of fields such as data acquisition, internet of things, data compression, pattern recognition, diversity, similarity, symmetry, and so on. The RTOSs provide basic services for multitasking applications with deterministic behavior on MCUs. The services provided by the RTOSs are task management and inter-task synchronization and communication. The selection of the RTOS is very important in the development of the embedded system with real-time requirements and it must be based on the latency in the handling of the critical operations triggered by internal or external events, predictability/determinism in the execution of the RTOS primitives, license costs, and memory footprint. In this paper, we measured and compared the timing performance for synchronization throughout an event, semaphore, and mailbox for the following RTOSs: FreeRTOS 9.0.0, FreeRTOS 10.2.0, rt-thread, Keil RTX, uC/OS-II, and uC/OS-III. For the experimental tests, we developed test applications for two MCUs: ARM Cortex™-M4 and ARM Cortex™-M0+ based MCUs.

scholarly journals Sistem Kendali Jarak Jauh dan Monitoring Penggunaan Listrik pada Pompa Air melalui Smartphone

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fauzi ◽  
Ratna Aisuwarya ◽  
Ratna Aisuwarya
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Current Sensor ◽  
Average Error ◽  
Water Pump ◽  
Turn On ◽  
System A ◽  
The Embedded System ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Water Pumps

This study aims to create a control system that can turn on / turn off the water pump by simply pressing a button on the smartphone and monitoring how much electricity was used which will later be converted into cost value in rupiahs. This system is able to further regulate the use of water pumps, such as restrictions on daily use, restrictions on use at certain hours, and pumps can be set to automatically shut down after a few moments of use. This system consists of three main components, namely an embedded system, a website-based mobile application, and a web server. The embedded system consists of Wemos D1, ACS712 current sensor, and relay. From the tests conducted the system can turn on the water pump with an average response time of 2 seconds and the results of monitoring conducted have an average error value of 13.63%.

Design of Remote Control System for Water Saving Irrigation

2014 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 653-656
Author(s):  
Dan Zheng ◽  
Na Xu ◽  
Yao Lang
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Configuration Software ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Remote Communication ◽  
Remote Monitoring System ◽  
The Core ◽  
Remote Control System ◽  
System A ◽  
The Embedded System ◽  
Developing Platform

An introduction to configuration software as the developing platform, using the embedded system technology and wireless communication are combined to establish the remote monitoring system. A branch station of monitoring with DSP as the core acquires, processes and displays real-time data by means of a remote communication of trinity, sending results which have been dealt with to the monitoring center so that users can timely and accurately understand conditions of water requirement in farmlands.

scholarly journals Detection of Key Organs in Tomato Based on Deep Migration Learning in Complex Background

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Sun ◽  
Xiaofei He ◽  
Xiao Ge ◽  
Xiaohong Wu ◽  
Jifeng Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Data Augmentation ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Training Model ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Detection Model ◽  
Automatic Picking ◽  
Augmentation Techniques ◽  
The Embedded System

In the current natural environment, due to the complexity of the background and the high similarity of the color between immature green tomato and plant, the occlusion of the key organs (flower and fruit) by the leaves and stems will lead to low recognition rate and poor generalization of the detection model. Therefore, an improved tomato organ detection method based on convolutional neural network has been proposed in this paper. Based on the original Faster R-CNN algorithm, Resnet-50 with residual blocks was used to replace the traditional vgg16 feature extraction network, and K-means clustering method was used to adjust more appropriate anchor size than manual setting to improve detection accuracy. A variety of data augmentation techniques were used to train the network. The test results showed that compared with the traditional Faster R-CNN model, the mean average precision (mAP) of the optimal model was improved from 85.2% to 90.7%, the memory requirement decreased from 546.9MB to 115.9 MB, and the average detection time was shortened to 0.073S/sheet. As the performance greatly improved, the training model can be transplanted to the embedded system, which lays a theoretical foundation for the development of precise targeting pesticide application system and automatic picking device.

Analysis and Implementation of TrueFFS Based on VxWorks System

2011 ◽  
Vol 411 ◽  
pp. 584-587
Author(s):  
Gai Ning Han ◽  
Yong Feng Li
Keyword(s):  
Embedded System ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Storage Space ◽  
Storage Medium ◽  
Time Data ◽  
System A ◽  
The Embedded System ◽  
Real Time Data Processing ◽  
System Access

In an embedded system, a large amount of high real-time data processing is required. A TrueFFS method on the embedded VxWorks system is put forward to improve the data access speed and saving storage space of the embedded system. In this paper, the TrueFFS structure is analyzed, its establishing process is realized based on VxWorks. As an embedded operating system's main storage medium to build the TrueFFS, flash can improve system access speed and facilitate the upgrade of follow-up procedures.

GESTURE RECOGNITION SYSTEM FOR NIGERIAN TRIBAL GREETING POSTURES USING SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 609
Author(s):  
Segun Aina ◽  
Kofoworola V. Sholesi ◽  
Aderonke R. Lawal ◽  
Samuel D. Okegbile ◽  
Adeniran I. Oluwaranti
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Gesture Recognition ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Recognition System ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
System A ◽  
Extraction Algorithm ◽  
Gaussian Blur

This paper presents the application of Gaussian blur filters and Support Vector Machine (SVM) techniques for greeting recognition among the Yoruba tribe of Nigeria. Existing efforts have considered different recognition gestures. However, tribal greeting postures or gestures recognition for the Nigerian geographical space has not been studied before. Some cultural gestures are not correctly identified by people of the same tribe, not to mention other people from different tribes, thereby posing a challenge of misinterpretation of meaning. Also, some cultural gestures are unknown to most people outside a tribe, which could also hinder human interaction; hence there is a need to automate the recognition of Nigerian tribal greeting gestures. This work hence develops a Gaussian Blur – SVM based system capable of recognizing the Yoruba tribe greeting postures for men and women. Videos of individuals performing various greeting gestures were collected and processed into image frames. The images were resized and a Gaussian blur filter was used to remove noise from them. This research used a moment-based feature extraction algorithm to extract shape features that were passed as input to SVM. SVM is exploited and trained to perform the greeting gesture recognition task to recognize two Nigerian tribe greeting postures. To confirm the robustness of the system, 20%, 25% and 30% of the dataset acquired from the preprocessed images were used to test the system. A recognition rate of 94% could be achieved when SVM is used, as shown by the result which invariably proves that the proposed method is efficient.

scholarly journals Multiple Narrowband Interferences Characterization, Detection and Mitigation Using Simplified Welch Algorithm and Notch Filtering

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1331
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossein Same ◽  
Gabriel Gleeton ◽  
Gabriel Gandubert ◽  
Preslav Ivanov ◽  
Rene Jr Landry
Keyword(s):  
Power Spectrum ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Satellite Communication ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Center Frequency ◽  
Infinite Impulse Response ◽  
Frequency Variation ◽  
Welch Method ◽  
The Embedded System

By increasing the demand for radio frequency (RF) and access of hackers and spoofers to low price hardware and software defined radios (SDR), radio frequency interference (RFI) became a more frequent and serious problem. In order to increase the security of satellite communication (Satcom) and guarantee the quality of service (QoS) of end users, it is crucial to detect the RFI in the desired bandwidth and protect the receiver with a proper mitigation mechanism. Digital narrowband signals are so sensitive into the interference and because of their special power spectrum shape, it is hard to detect and eliminate the RFI from their bandwidth. Thus, a proper detector requires a high precision and smooth estimation of input signal power spectral density (PSD). By utilizing the presented power spectrum by the simplified Welch method, this article proposes a solid and effective algorithm that can find all necessary interference parameters in the frequency domain while targeting practical implantation for the embedded system with minimum complexity. The proposed detector can detect several multi narrowband interferences and estimate their center frequency, bandwidth, power, start, and end of each interference individually. To remove multiple interferences, a chain of several infinite impulse response (IIR) notch filters with multiplexers is proposed. To minimize damage to the original signal, the bandwidth of each notch is adjusted in a way that maximizes the received signal to noise ratio (SNR) by the receiver. Multiple carrier wave interferences (MCWI) is utilized as a jamming attack to the Digital Video Broadcasting-Satellite-Second Generation (DVB-S2) receiver and performance of a new detector and mitigation system is investigated and validated in both simulation and practical tests. Based on the obtained results, the proposed detector can detect a weak power interference down to −25 dB and track a hopping frequency interference with center frequency variation speed up to 3 kHz. Bit error ratio (BER) performance shows 3 dB improvement by utilizing new adaptive mitigation scenario compared to non-adaptive one. Finally, the protected DVB-S2 can receive the data with SNR close to the normal situation while it is under the attack of the MCWI jammer.

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