Analysis of Signal Distortion Caused by Opening Ratio Variation of Main Scale and Index Scale in Linear Encoder

2013 ◽  
Vol 712-715 ◽  
pp. 1833-1837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Li ◽  
Lei Yin ◽  
Yong Sheng Shi ◽  
Guo Yong Ye ◽  
Hao Yu Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Output Signal ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Signal Distortion ◽  
Ratio Variation ◽  
Opening Ratio ◽  
Linear Encoder ◽  
Photolithography Process ◽  
The Ideal

Linear encoder as an important displacement measurement device has been widely used in manufacturing industry. The accuracy of linear encoder is based on the precision of its scales. In this article, the manufacturing process of the scales based on photolithography process and etching process was discussed in order to explain the opening ratio variation. A mathematical model was derived to analyze the effects of opening ratio variation on the waveform of output signal. The result shows that the waveform of the signal is cut off in comparison with the ideal waveform, and the magnitude of the output signal is changed.

DEVELOPMENT OF MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF THE OUTPUT SIGNAL FORMATION OF FERROPROBE UNDER SINGLE-POLARITY PULSE EXCITATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 190-197
Author(s):  
V. S. Bezkorovainyi ◽  
◽  
Y. V. Livсov ◽  
V. V. Yakovenko ◽  
N. A. Shatova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Output Signal ◽  
Pulse Excitation

Colorants in cosmetic applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghita Lanzendörfer-Yu
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Quality Control ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
The Ideal

Abstract The color cosmetic market, even though highly dependent on color, is driven by texture. Pigment and color innovation are predominantly taking place in the field of inorganic effect pigments, as colorants are regulated within the different cosmetic directives and toxicological profiles have to be established prior to use. Therefore, the formulation and the packaging are the relevant innovative factors. Nevertheless, color cosmetics are driven by fashion and trends. One of the main drivers for sales is social networks. They are image based and therefore the ideal platform to spread these trends, boosting sales of color cosmetics recently. Even though, color cosmetics seem to be very simple in composition, the development, production and quality control are far from that. In color cosmetics, all cosmetic disciplines cumulate: dispersion strategies, emulsion technologies, molding and extruding of sticks and pencil leads, mixing and compressing of powders, liquid inks and so on. And almost every discipline requires separate production vessels, resulting in a rather complex manufacturing process.

Defining Flexibility and Sewability in Conductive Yarns

2002 ◽  
Vol 736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Orth
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Lateral Stress ◽  
Electronic Textiles ◽  
Qualitative Properties ◽  
Textile Manufacturing ◽  
Conductive Yarns

ABSTRACTIn order for electronic textiles to truly qualify as textiles, they must maintain one of the intrinsic qualities of textiles, flexibility, or the ability to resist permanent deformation under bending, lateral stress and strain. Flexibility will allow electric textiles to be intimate, soft, wearable, conformable and durable. Unfortunately, flexibility is poorly understood by many researchers who come from a traditional electronics background. This paper presents some common terminology of textiles, and different approaches to understanding flexibility in fibers and yarns. Because one of the most mechanically stressful textile manufacturing process is machine sewing and embroidery, this paper defines the necessary properties of machine sewable yarns and demonstrates a formal Curl Test for judging the sewability and flexibility of stainless steel yarns. This paper also examines flexibility in yarns and fibers, historically and based on a mathematical model and more qualitative properties.

Enhancing the Steel Tube Manufacturing Process With a Zero Defects Approach

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Sousa ◽  
José Ferreira ◽  
Carlos Lopes ◽  
João Sarraipa ◽  
João Silva
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Service Oriented Architecture ◽  
Continuous Process ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Steel Tube ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Case Scenario ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Inspection Systems

Abstract The continuous thrive for working safety, customer satisfaction and increasing profits for companies has led to numerous manufacturing and management strategies. One of the most promising strategies nowadays is Zero Defects that focuses on the elimination of defected parts in the manufacturing processes. The benefits of Zero Defect implementation in the manufacturing industry are mainly related to the reduction of scrap material, and everything that does not bring any added value to the product. The result is a reduction of the company’s expenditure for dealing with defective products. In spite the concept not being new, the practical application of such strategies were limited by technological constraints and high investment costs. With the Industry 4.0 evolution, some Zero Defects concepts are more accessible due to the availability of sensors and data related techniques such as Machine Learning and Big Data although a lot of work is still required for component integration to enhance the capability of the heterogeneous technologies. The quality of the steel tubes is evaluated by sampling and relies on the expertise of the operators for checking for nonconformities. When a defect is detected, the process parameters are adjusted based on prior experience. However, since this is a continuous process, the delay between the appearance of a defect in the process and its awareness leads to a considerable amount of produced scrap material. Worst-case scenario, the defective product can be delivered to the customer damaging the customers trust and leading to additional replacement costs. This paper addresses the application of the Zero Defects approach to the steel tube manufacturing industry. This approach is part of the Zero Defects Manufacturing Platform EU project that is based around a Service Oriented Architecture and microservices approach capable of building, running and managing specific use-case oriented software applications called zApps. The Zero Defects methodology to design a zApp based on key criteria for the steel tube industry is described. Additionally, the envisioned zApps to monitor all the produced steel tube during the manufacturing process are detailed. The inspection systems uses a scanning camera and a laser profile scanner to capture the steel tube defects during manufacturing and prior to packaging. Although the ultimate goal is to eliminate the cause of the defective products, the objective of the zApp is to increase the number of detections of defective products based on industry standards and reduce the amount of generated scrap material.

Mathematical modeling of the influence of cutting mode parameters on the quality of machined surfaces from aluminum alloys

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-57
Author(s):  
M.G. Galkin ◽  
A.S. Smagin ◽  
A.S. Pupyireva
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Aluminum Alloys ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Machined Surfaces

An algorithm for the development of a mathematical model of cutting processing, as a multifactorial process, which determines the influence of significant parameters of the cutting mode on the roughness of the processed surface, is proposed. In the development of the algorithm, the method of extreme experimental design is used. Keywords cutting, mode, manufacturing process, surface roughness, mathematical model. [email protected]

scholarly journals Digital Twin and Virtual Reality Based Methodology for Multi-Robot Manufacturing Cell Commissioning

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3633
Author(s):  
Luis Pérez ◽  
Silvia Rodríguez-Jiménez ◽  
Nuria Rodríguez ◽  
Rubén Usamentiaga ◽  
Daniel F. García
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Feasibility Studies ◽  
Real Time Monitoring ◽  
Digital Twin ◽  
Robot Systems ◽  
Virtual Testbed ◽  
Multi Robot

Intelligent automation, including robotics, is one of the current trends in the manufacturing industry in the context of “Industry 4.0”, where cyber-physical systems control the production at automated or semi-automated factories. Robots are perfect substitutes for a skilled workforce for some repeatable, general, and strategically-important tasks. However, this transformation is not always feasible and immediate, since certain technologies do not provide the required degree of flexibility. The introduction of collaborative robots in the industry permits the combination of the advantages of manual and automated production. In some processes, it is necessary to incorporate robots from different manufacturers, thus the design of these multi-robot systems is crucial to guarantee the maximum quality and efficiency. In this context, this paper presents a novel methodology for process automation design, enhanced implementation, and real-time monitoring in operation based on creating a digital twin of the manufacturing process with an immersive virtual reality interface to be used as a virtual testbed before the physical implementation. Moreover, it can be efficiently used for operator training, real-time monitoring, and feasibility studies of future optimizations. It has been validated in a use case which provides a solution for an assembly manufacturing process.

The ideal pseudo-rigid continuum

2006 ◽  
Vol 462 (2074) ◽  
pp. 3185-3195 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Casey
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Recent Article ◽  
Finite Size ◽  
Rigid Bodies ◽  
Global Constraint ◽  
Restricted Class ◽  
The Ideal

In the literature on pseudo-rigid bodies and their applications, it is generally assumed that these bodies can undergo only a restricted class of motions, without questioning how this restriction is to be strictly enforced. In 2004, I proposed in these Proceedings that such a restriction may be regarded as a ‘global constraint’ on a deformable continuum, and influenced by ideas of Antman & Marlow from the early 1990s, I assumed that the constraint is enforced by a field of reactive stresses, and I constructed a mathematical model that idealizes pseudo-rigid bodies as globally constrained continua of finite size. In a recent article in Proceedings of the Royal Society A , the validity of this model was challenged. Essentially, the controversy revolves around the issue of working definitions versus idealized mathematical models of pseudo-rigid bodies.

scholarly journals A Review on Development Prospect of CZTS Based Thin Film Solar Cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangbo Song ◽  
Xu Ji ◽  
Ming Li ◽  
Weidong Lin ◽  
Xi Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Development Prospect ◽  
Thin Film Solar Cells ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Manufacturing Equipment ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies ◽  
The Ideal

Cu2ZnSnS4is considered as the ideal absorption layer material in next generation thin film solar cells due to the abundant component elements in the crust being nontoxic and environmentally friendly. This paper summerized the development situation of Cu2ZnSnS4thin film solar cells and the manufacturing technologies, as well as problems in the manufacturing process. The difficulties for the raw material’s preparation, the manufacturing process, and the manufacturing equipment were illustrated and discussed. At last, the development prospect of Cu2ZnSnS4thin film solar cells was commented.

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