Prediction of Soil-Cement Mechanical Properties Using EC2 Approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 779-780 ◽  
pp. 286-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joaquim Tinoco ◽  
António Gomes Correia
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Soil Mixing ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Jet Grouting ◽  
Eurocode 2 ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mechanical Properties Prediction ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Analytical Expressions

For a better design of Jet Grouting (JG) and Cutter Soil Mixing (CSM) technologies, a set of laboratory formulations are usually prepared aiming to give a first idea of the mechanical behavior of the final mixture. However, these formulations can represent an important cost to the project. Therefore, aiming to reduce such cost, in the present work the analytical expressions proposed by Eurocode 2 for strength and stiffness prediction of concrete were adapted to soil-cement laboratory formulations for JG and CSM projects. It is shown that these expressions can be successful applied in mechanical properties prediction over time of soft soil stabilized with cement for a wide range of cement content, water cement ratios and soil types.

scholarly journals Optimal control time evaluation for “dry DSM” soil-cement composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 251 ◽  
pp. 01023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Kiecana ◽  
Piotr Kanty ◽  
Klaudia Łużyńska
Keyword(s):  
Organic Soil ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Soil Mixing ◽  
Control Time ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Jet Grouting ◽  
Binder Type ◽  
Soil Component ◽  
Deep Soil Mixing ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

Soil improvements with hydraulic binders are a widespread practice in foundation works. They vary depending on the mixing method (jet grouting hydraulic, deep soil mixing -mechanical), medium type (wet/water, dry/air) and binder type (cement, lime, fly ash or mixtures). The produced component’s strength changes in time thus its control should change in time as well. The paper presents the results of laboratory testing of an organic soil component mixed in dry method. The process of samples preparation and testing methodology of compressive strength and stiffness is described. Volatility of the parameters in time is considered. On the basis of the results, recommendation for optimal quality control time and its methodology for soil-cement components might be proposed.

scholarly journals Influence of Soil-Cement Composition on its Selected Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 163 ◽  
pp. 06006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystian Brasse ◽  
Tomasz Tracz ◽  
Tomasz Zdeb ◽  
Piotr Rychlewski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cement Paste ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Cohesive Soil ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Soil Mixing ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Cement Mixtures

The paper discusses the results of mechanical and technological tests of soil-cement composites made with cohesive soil. The compositions of analysed soil-cement mixtures differed in terms of their cement paste volume fractions and water-cement ratios. Limiting values of these technological parameters that enable the application of the soil-cement mixtures obtained in real life conditions for the purposes of the Deep Soil Mixing (DSM) method were determined. Based on the test results obtained, it was found that mechanical properties of the materials analysed were very sensitive to changes in their compositions. Variations in the volume fraction of cement paste within the range analysed caused mechanical properties to change even by an order of magnitude.

Effects of Water Exposure on the Mechanical Properties of Early Artists' Acrylic Paints

2004 ◽  
Vol 852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Hagan ◽  
Alison Murray
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Secant Modulus ◽  
Water Exposure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Paint Films ◽  
Acrylic Paints

ABSTRACTThe mechanical properties of early artist's acrylic paints were investigated under controlled aqueous additive leaching for the purpose of identifying changes caused by cleaning paintings with water. Strength and stiffness values were obtained using a tensiometer to collect stress-strain curves of paint films. The results were compared to those from similar experiments in which paint films were tested under various age, temperature, and relative humidity (RH) values. Strength and stiffness both increased with decreased temperature, decreased RH, increased age, and increased additive removal. The most significant impact on mechanical properties was caused by lowering temperature to the Tg region around 5°C. Dramatic changes in properties were caused by RH fluctuations; however, the magnitudes were negligible in comparison to those induced by low temperature. Removal of water-soluble additives produced a uniform increase in tensile strength and secant modulus at all RH values. The films were equally responsive to fluctuations in RH before and after additive leaching. In comparing the material properties across a wide range of conditions it is evident that the acrylic paints in this study were not significantly altered by the amount of water exposure involved in cleaning paintings.

Application of Cement-Soil Mixing Pile with Bearing Load Plate

2012 ◽  
Vol 170-173 ◽  
pp. 3199-3202
Author(s):  
Peng Li He
Keyword(s):  
Soft Soil ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Construction Technology ◽  
Bearing Plate ◽  
Soil Mixing ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Bearing Load ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Layered Ground ◽  
Cement Soil

In order to treat efficiently with the soft multi-layers in the middle of ground, the improved cement-soil double mixed pile is developed and the pile diameter is enlarged in the soft soil layer depth to form the cement-soil mixed column with bearing load plate. The installation mechanism, deep mixing machine, and pile installation procedure of the soil-cement mixed pile with bearing plate is presented. The field test results show that the cement-soil mixing pile with bearing load plate construction technology can ensure the cement mix content and mixing uniformity. The pile strength is greatly higher than conventional cement-soil pile, so it can be used to improved soft multi-layered ground economically and effectively, and it has a good potential application for practice.

scholarly journals Physical and Mechanical Properties of Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete Compared to Conventional Concrete

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Nikoloutsopoulos ◽  
Anastasia Sotiropoulou ◽  
Glikeria Kakali ◽  
Sotirios Tsivilis
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Environmental Criteria ◽  
Eurocode 2 ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Different Content ◽  
By Products

The potential of applying geopolymerization to a wide range of solid industrial waste and by-products is of great interest. In this research, the physical and mechanical properties of fly ash (FA)-based geopolymer concrete (GC), compared to those of cement concrete (CC), were studied. Three GCs with different content of FA and three appropriate CCs were designed, prepared, tested and evaluated. The results were compared with the requirements of Standards EN 206-1 and EN 1992-1-1. It was shown that in some cases minor adjustments of the regulations are needed, while in other cases complete revision is required. GC indicated competitive compressive strength compared to CC, tensile strength within the limits specified by Eurocode 2 for CC and modulus of elasticity about 50% less than that of CC. The ratio of binder (FA) to aggregates seems to have a significant effect on the properties of GC. The concrete with 750 kg/m3 FA seems to be the best choice taking into consideration both engineering and environmental criteria.

scholarly journals Comparison of Single and Group Jet Grouting Columns Capacity Based on Field Load Test and Theoretical Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1353-1366
Author(s):  
Ali M. Al-Kinani ◽  
Mahmood D. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Theoretical Methods ◽  
Axial Capacity ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Jet Grouting ◽  
Pile Load Test

The evaluation of axial capacity of jet grouted soil cement columns in soft soil is a complicated issue because it depends according to the number of factors such as, soil type, influence mixture between soil and grouting materials, nozzle jet energy, jet grouting and water flow rate, rotation and lifting speed. These parameters related to the type of jet grouting methods (single, double and triple system). Most methods of design the bearing capacity of the jet-grouting column based on experience. Therefore, some designer calculates the bearing capacity of the jet grouting column based on jet grout section capacity. In this paper, different theoretical methods have been used to estimate of the jet grouting soil-cement capacity, such as Poulos and Davis, 1980 methods and then their comparison with the pile load test calculations based on the quick pile load test as presented in ASTM-D1143-07.  Therefore, the study describes a prototype test single and group jet grout soil-cement models of arrangement (1*1, 1*2 and 2*2) for total length to diameter ratios (L/D) is 13.33 and clear spacing three times of diameter has been constructed in soft clayey soils in the right bank of the Euphrates River, at Al- Nasiriyah city. As a result, the theoretical method for estimation the bearing capacity gives unfaithful values for the single and group jet grout column compared to the load- settlement calculations obtained from field pile load test data. On the other hand, the Hansen’s 90% and Butler and Hoy’s given closer results to each other and may be considered faithful interpretation methods to compute the bearing capacity of single and group jet grouting columns.

scholarly journals Application of Effective Microorganisms in Soil-Cement Mixtures

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.2) ◽  
pp. 306
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Petrash ◽  
Ruslan Petrash ◽  
Nataliia Popovych
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Soil Mixing ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Deep Soil Mixing ◽  
Cement Mixture ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cement Mixtures

This paper provides a research data on the impact of effective microorganisms on the physic and mechanical properties of soil-cement mixtures and stone. Deep soil mixing technology considered to be used for manufacturing soil-cement. The purpose of the research is to determine a way of increasing strength of soil-cement by addition of effective microorganisms. Strength increasing method should not compromise the mixture’s movability. Authors used an experimental approach within which there were standard techniques of determining the movability of soil-cement mixture and density and strength of a soil-cement stone in a laboratory environment. This research resulted in discovering the optimal contents of a soil-cement mixture with respect to mechanical properties required. Authors proved the effective microorganisms to be efficient mean of increasing the strength of soil-cement.

Finite Element Method (FEM) of Rigid Pavement Laid on Soft Soil Stabilized with Soil Cement Column

2016 ◽  
Vol 845 ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
Fendi Hary Yanto ◽  
Yusep Muslih Purwana ◽  
Niken Silmi Surjandari
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Soft Soil ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Soil Deformation ◽  
Rigid Pavement ◽  
Soil Cement ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

Several investigators have extended the numerical analysis to model ground improvement using soil-column to support structures. Cement columns are widely used to improve the load deformity characteristics of soft soils. This technique would increase soil bearing capacity and reduces soil deformation owing to improving of soil strength and stiffness. The aim of this paper is to determine the rigid pavement structure deformity on soft soil for the cases of with and without column soil cement. Two geometrical models were used in this analysis: (a) without column soil cement and (b) with column soil. The result indicated that the presence of soil cement column considerably contributes to the decrease in deformation due to the increase in stiffness.

High Strain-Rate Response of Polyurethane-Clay Nanocomposites and Their Use for Blast Applications

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit K. Kaushik ◽  
Ellen M. Arruda
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strain Rate ◽  
Strain Rate ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Clay Nanocomposites ◽  
Clay Nanoparticles ◽  
Volume Fractions ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

The dispersion of strong nanoscale building blocks into polymers may result in nanocomposites that can mimic the structural and mechanical properties of advanced materials found in nature. In this study, exceptionally high strength and stiffness (in-plane modulus: 270 GPa) clay nanoparticles are used to synthesize polyurethane-clay nanocomposites with enhanced mechanical properties using a layer-by-layer (LBL) technique. The LBL technique allows spatial and orientational control of these clay nanoparticles within the polymer matrix at the nano-scale. Moreover, the structure of LBL manufactured nanocomposites resembles the structure of naturally occurring tough biocomposite Nacre. A series of nanocomposite films with a wide range of volume fractions of clay nanoparticles was manufactured and investigated at low and high strain rates in uniaxial tension and compression deformation states respectively. The growth of these films in the thickness direction was enhanced by replacing alternate layers of MTM nanoparticles with (poly) acrylic acid. Thick samples for the uniaxial compression tests were made by hot-pressing several of these films together. The nanocomposites demonstrated an increasing yield strength and stiffness with volume fractions of MTM nanoparticles. The nanocomposites, at high-strain rate compression, showed a rapid strain hardening with true stresses as high as 0.45 GPa at a strain of 0.8. The incorporation of clay nanoparticles resulted in a plastic deformation leading to large energy dissipation which makes these materials suitable for applications in increasing the survivability of structures under blast loadings.

Multiscale Modeling of Cortical Bone

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Hamed ◽  
Yikhan Lee ◽  
Iwona M. Jasiuk
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Bone Substitutes ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
High Fracture Toughness ◽  
High Fracture ◽  
Synthetic Bone ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

Bone is an important multifunctional biological tissue with remarkable mechanical properties: high strength and stiffness, high fracture toughness, and light weight. These superior properties are due, in part, to the hierarchical structure of bone ranging from molecular to macroscopic levels, Fig. 1. Nevertheless, it is not clearly understood how the microstructure and mechanical properties of various hierarchies at different length scales affect the overall behavior of bone. Such understanding is essential in orthopedics for designing implant materials and fabricating synthetic bone substitutes and also for assessing the effect of bone diseases and their medications on bone’s properties. It can, moreover, serve as a guide in design of advanced synthetic bio-inspired materials for a wide range of engineering applications.

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