Investigation of Iodine Distribution in the Semi-Hydrate Wet Phosphoric Acid Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 807-809 ◽  
pp. 1347-1350
Author(s):  
Hong Jing Han ◽  
Yan Guang Chen ◽  
Hong Qi Wang ◽  
Wen Guo Duan ◽  
Chao Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Wet Process ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Acid Process

The influencing factors of reaction such as reaction temperature, reaction time and the ratio of liquid to solid are investigated by analyzing the iodine distribution in the semi-hydrate wet process of phosphoric acid. The result shows that with the increase of reaction temperature, reaction time and the ratio of liquid to solid, the iodine distribution in the phases of liquid and solid presents has the tendency of decrease, in the range between 20% and 30%, while the iodine distribution in the gas phase tends to increase, the maximum value is 67.54%.

Orthogonal Investigation of Influencing Factors on the Modification of Montmorillonite by THPC in Acid Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 1017-1021
Author(s):  
Pan Chen ◽  
Jin Cheng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Phosphonium Salts ◽  
Exchange Reactions ◽  
Quaternary Phosphonium Salts

Na-MMT was modified with quaternary phosphonium salts, tetramethylolphosphonium chloride (THPC), via ion-exchange reactions, in acid conditions. Different factors such as reaction time , reaction temperature, the types of solvent, and CEC ratios, were investigated using orthogonal test. Results showed that the best combination of these four factors were A1B3C1D1, that is, the type of the solvent was acetone and water (1:1), reaction time was 3h, CEC ratio was 1:1, and the reaction temperature was 80°C.

Study on Synthesis of the High Aspect Ratios Nesquehonite Whiskers

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 1118-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Ke Yan ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Yu Juan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Growth Mechanism ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Solution Method ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Whisker Length ◽  
Aqueous Solution Method

In this paper, nesquehonite whiskers were synthesized by low-temperature aqueous solution method, and the impacts of reaction temperature, reaction time and surfactant dosage and other factors on the maximum whisker length and high aspect ratios of nesquehonite whiskers were also investigated. Results showed that under the conditions that the reaction temperature was 40 – 50 °C the reaction time was 50 – 60min and the amount of surfactant dosage was 1% (by mass), high aspect ratios nesquehonite whisker products can be synthesized. On this basis, growth mechanism of the nesquehonite whiskers was discussed.

Investigation on Decoloration of Zanthoxylum Bungeanum Seed Oil

2012 ◽  
Vol 460 ◽  
pp. 275-278
Author(s):  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Xuan Jun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Industrial Application ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Single Test ◽  
Zanthoxylum Bungeanum

The decoloration method experiment on ZSO was studied. The different influencing factors on reaction were investigated by single test, such as content of peroxide, reaction temperature, and reaction time. The results of orthogonal test showed that the dominated sequence of influencing on chroma value was content of peroxide, and then was for reaction temperature, the last was reaction time. The optimal combination proved was A2B2C2. On this condition, the chroma value of ZSO could be reduced to 1.45, it fully meets the requirement of industrial application.

Study on a High-Temperature Delayed Cross-Linked Acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 252-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhao ◽  
Qi Song ◽  
Hai Lin ◽  
Yan Ling Wang ◽  
Zeng Bao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Zirconium Oxychloride ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Acid System ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Reaction Conditions

A retarded zirconium cross-linking agent ECA-1 was prepared by using zirconium oxychloride, lactic acid， xylitol, and so on, then we got a high-temperature delayed cross-linking acid with cross-linking agent ECA-1 added to EVA-180 gelling acid, cross-linked acid performance and its influencing factors were discussed in details, such as reaction conditions of crosslinker, concentrations of crosslinker and thickener, and so on. The results showed that the obtained cross-linked acid had good temperature-tolerate and shear-tolerate properties when the mass ratio of zirconium oxychloride, lactic acid and xylitol is 1:1.25:0.0208 , the reaction temperature is 50~55°C, the reaction time is 4 hours, the delayed cross-linking time of acid system can be adjusted by changing the dosage of crosslinker and thickener.

Study on the Saccharification Conditions of Fuel Ethanol from Corn Straw

2014 ◽  
Vol 672-674 ◽  
pp. 172-176
Author(s):  
Min Zhang ◽  
Jin Yang Li ◽  
Hai Bin Fu
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Fuel Ethanol ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Hydrolysis Rate ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Main Factors

To study the saccharification conditions of cellulase on lignocellulose material, this paper used corn straw as the material to do research on the effect of cellulase. The hydrolysis factors, including reaction temperature, reaction time and cellulase concentration, were measured in order to determine the optimal saccharification conditions for fuel ethanol production. The results showed that, when the reaction temperature was 45°C, reaction time was 72 h and cellulase concentration was 60 IU/g, the hydrolysis rate can respectively reach 6.25 %, 14.7 % and 14.4 %. By the analysis of orthogonal test, the main factors effects the saccharification was reaction time. And the optimal combination of saccharification conditions was the reaction time of 54 h, the reaction temperature of 45 °C, and the cellulase concentration of 55 IU/g.

Magnesium Recovery from Desiliconization Slag of Nickel Laterite Ores by Carbonization

2013 ◽  
Vol 813 ◽  
pp. 255-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Ning Mu ◽  
Shuang Zhi Shi ◽  
Yu Chun Zhai
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Nickel Laterite ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Carbonation Process ◽  
Laterite Ores ◽  
Orthogonal Experiments

This work examines the recovery of magnesium from desiliconization slag of nickel laterite ores by carbonation process. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, liquid/solid ratio and CO2 flow rate on magnesium dissolution are investigated. The optimized experimental conditions of recovering magnesium were gained by the analysis of orthogonal experiments.

Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Stabilized by 3-(Aminopropyl)Triethoxysilane through (N, N-Dimethylformamide) Reduction

2012 ◽  
Vol 184-185 ◽  
pp. 1298-1301
Author(s):  
Yan Ming Chen ◽  
Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Chemical Route ◽  
Plasmon Band ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Wet Chemical

gold nanoparticles were synthesized in DMF (N, N-dimethylformamide) solution by using 3-(aminopropyl)triethoxysilane as stabilizer through wet chemical route. A characteristic surface plasmon band can be observed for the obtained gold nanoparticles from UV-vis absorption spectra, which indicate that KH-550 can serve as stabilizing agent for the formation of gold nanoparticles. The influence of reaction temperature, reaction time and precursor concentrations on the formation of gold nanoparticles is investigated through UV-vis absorption spectra. The results show that surface plasmon absorption peak could be red-shifted when reaction temperature, reaction time and precursor concentrations increase. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) results show that the obtained gold nanoparticles with spherical morphology have a narrow size distribution.

Bioenergy II: Effect of Experimental Conditions on the Slow Batch Pyrolysis of Mixtures of Plastics, Tyres and Forestry Biomass Wastes

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filipe Paradela ◽  
Filomena Pinto ◽  
Isabel Cabrita ◽  
Ibrahim Gulyurtlu ◽  
Ana M. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Liquid Fraction ◽  
Initial Pressure ◽  
Initial Mixture ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Product Yields ◽  
Liquid Yield

This work aimed to study the recovery of three types of waste by the process of pyrolysis: biomass, plastics and used tyres. The effects of experimental conditions in products yield and composition were studied. The increase of reaction time increased alkane content both in gas phase from 53% to 70% v/v and in liquid fraction from 48% to 60% w/w. The rise of reaction temperature led to a decrease of liquid yield (from 82% to 73% w/w), which was followed by the increase of solids and gases. The increase of reaction temperature also allowed the increase of the alkane content in gas phase from 39% to 70% v/v. The increase of initial pressure did not lead to appreciable variations in product yields or composition. The parameter that most affected products yield and composition was plastics content on the wastes initial mixture. The enhancement of this parameter increased liquids yield from 33% to 92% w/w, at the expenses of solids and gases contents and also decreased aromatics contents from 52% to 28% w/w.

Conversion of Glucose to Levulinic Acid Catalyzed by ZSM-5 Loading SO42-/ ZrO2

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 249-252
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Lu Lin ◽  
Xiao Yu Sui ◽  
Jun Ping Zhuang ◽  
Chun Sheng Pang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Catalyst Amount ◽  
Hydroxymethyl Furfural ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Molar Percent ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Hydrolysis of glucose to produce levulinic acid catalyzed by ZSM-5 loading SO42-/ ZrO2 was studied in this paper. The effects of different factors such as catalyst amount, reaction temperature, reaction time on the yields of levulinic acid and hydroxymethyl furfural were investigated. It was found that the highest yield of levulinic acid was 55.03% (molar percent) under the conditions of catalyst amount 3 g, reaction temperature 180 °C and reaction time 2.5 h. Surface structure of catalyst was analyzed by FT-IR, indicating that crystallinity of catalyst was 0.66.

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