Study of the Impact Factors on Heavy Metals Migration of Stainless Steel Choppers

2013 ◽  
Vol 834-836 ◽  
pp. 420-424
Author(s):  
Yuan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Direct Integral ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Metal Migration ◽  
The Impact

The factors on the impact of heavy metals migration (Nickel (Ni) and Chromium (Cr)) of stainless steel choppers were studied in this paper, including chemical composition of stainless steel choppers and surface treatment, sample soaking mode, soaking time and soaking temperature. The results shown that, which did not exist linear relationship between the chemical composition and heavy metal migration. Instead, the surface treatment process was the major impact factor. The heavy metals migration of stainless steel choppers reduced after surface treatment processes. Than the direct integral soaking mode, the slices soaking mode had a larger migration of heavy metals. The Nickel (Ni) and Chromium (Cr) migration increased with the immersion time and the immersion temperature. In summary, by controlling the processing and use method of the chopper can effectively control the migration of heavy metals.

scholarly journals The Influence of Zn and Cd Accumulation on the Growth and Development of Medicinal Plants in the Impact Zone of the Novocherkassk Power Station

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Chaplygin ◽  
Tatiana Minkina ◽  
Saglara Mandzhieva ◽  
Dina Nevidomskaya ◽  
Natalia Chernikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Power Station ◽  
Cd Accumulation ◽  
Elytrigia Repens ◽  
Medical Plants ◽  
The Impact

Over the pastdecade, particular attention has been paid to studies of the chemical composition of medical plants to identify the possible negative consequences of using raw plant material polluted with heavy metals for the production of medical drugs. In our study, we analyzed the chemical composition of the medical plants growing in the impact area of the Novocherkassk power station. Specifically, the plants Artemisia austriaca, Poa pratensis and Elytrigia repenswere examined for the analysis.The content and distribution of Zn and Cd, which are most distributed in industrial emissions and belong to the first class of hazardous elements, were measured. The maximum permissible content (MPC) of Zn in the raw material of Artemisia austriaca and Elytrigia repens was found, as was the maximum content of Cd in all analyzed plants growing in the 5km area around thepower station. The plant Artemisia austriacawasfound to have Zn and Cd accumulation in itsabovegroundcomponents, while in Poa pratensis and Elytrigia repens, accumulation was in the roots. The morphobiometric parameters of the plants were mostly dependent on the soil properties, followed by the degree of technogenic load. The content of Zn and Cd in the medical drugs was higher than the MPC without visible features of heavy metal pollution and so these plants weredangerous for human health. Keywords: heavy metals, technogenic load, phytoreagents, morphometric parameters

scholarly journals The Impact of Surface Treatment and Degree of Vacuum on the Interface and Mechanical Properties of Stainless Steel Clad Plate

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying-ying Feng ◽  
Huan Yu ◽  
Zong-an Luo ◽  
Guang-ming Xie ◽  
R. Misra
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Bonding Strength ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Vacuum Degree ◽  
Composite Oxides ◽  
Interfacial Bonding Strength ◽  
Stainless Steel Clad Plate ◽  
The Impact

In this study, the impact of different surface treatment and degree of vacuum on the interface and mechanical properties of 304/Q345 stainless steel clad plate was investigated. The study indicated that more continuous or aggregated Al2O3 and Si-Mn composite oxides were formed at the interface after brush grinding. However, less inclusions such as Al2O3, MnS and Ca-Mg-Al-Si composite oxides were formed at the interface after pickling treatment. For the vacuum degrees of 10−2 Pa, 1 Pa and 105 Pa, the oxidation reaction became more intense with the decrease in vacuum degree. The interface inclusions were gradually changed from Al2O3 and Si-Mn complex oxides to oxide scale and MnCr2O4 spinel oxide. The interfacial bonding strength of stainless steel clad plate was improved with the increase in degree of vacuum. The bonding strength was 55 MPa at vacuum of 105 Pa, but it was 484 MPa at vacuum of 10−2 Pa, which is far greater than that of the national standard, and an excellent performance was obtained.

Utilization of sewage sludge ashes in the brick and tile industry

1997 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Wiebusch ◽  
Carl Franz Seyfried
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Sludge Incineration ◽  
Brick And Tile ◽  
The Impact

Several aspects of using ashes from sewage sludge incineration in the brick and tile industry have been examined. After discussing the item of ash production in Germany, the impact of different wastewater treatment methods is described; for instance, the use of precipitation agents containing iron will considerably influence the ash quality. Depending on their respective chemical composition, different ashes have different effects on the ceramic qualities of the bricks made of clay blended with ashes. These effects will be shown in regard to the major ceramic parameters. Similarly, the quality of the ashes also influences the elution behaviour and the mineral fixation of heavy metals.

scholarly journals The influence of silica functionalized with silanes on migration of heavy metals in soil

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Grzesiak ◽  
Joanna Łukaszyk ◽  
Elżbieta Gabała ◽  
Joanna Kurczewska ◽  
Grzegorz Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Copper Smelter ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Functionalized Silica ◽  
Impact Zone ◽  
Unmodified Silica ◽  
Metal Migration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Heavy Metals And Arsenic

Abstract 3-Mercaptopropyl-trimethoxysilane and [3-(2-aminoethylamino)propyl]trimethoxysilane were used to functionalize the surface of silica from Piotrowice in Poland to stabilize heavy metals (HMs) and arsenic in soil. The soil for the study was sampled from the impact zone of Głogów Copper Smelter and Refinery. The soil samples were exposed to five-step Tessier sequential extraction. The speciation studies were limited to five sequentially defined fractions in which metal content was determined. The addition of unmodified silica did not affect significantly the concentration of metals in individual fractions. Significant changes were noted upon introduction of functionalized silica in the soil. The hybrid formulations obtained significantly reduce the release of heavy metals and arsenic from soil sorption complex. The results indicate the potential use of functional formulations for reduction of metal migration in soil in the areas of exceeded concentration of heavy metals and arsenic in the soil, caused by industrial activity.

scholarly journals Mining Activities and the Chemical Composition of R. Modonkul, Transbaikalia

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 979
Author(s):  
Zinaida Ivanovna Khazheeva ◽  
Aleksey Maksimovich Plyusnin ◽  
Olga Konstantinovna Smirnova ◽  
Elena Georgievna Peryazeva ◽  
Dashima Ivanovna Zhambalova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Manganese Oxides ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Catchment Basin ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Major Cations ◽  
Calcium Magnesium ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
The Impact

The Dzhidinsky orefield is located in the Zakamensky district of Buryatia. It is characterized by a high concentration of mineralization in a small area. The ores of the Dzhidinsky economic deposits are complex. This ore field includes Pervomaiskoye Mo, Kholtosonskoe W, and Inkurskoe W deposits. The catchment basin of the river Modonkul is located in the Dzhidinsky orefield. Mineral resource industry waste is a real threat to the city Zakamensk. Currently, the waste of deposits is located at the floodplain terrace and the watershed of the river Modonkul. In this work, the impact of the drainage mine and tributary Inkur on the formation chemical composition of the river Modonkul is studied. The 80 samples of water and suspended matter were taken from a surface of 0–0.5 m on seven sites. Physical and chemical parameters were measured at the sampling sites, and chemical composition was analyzed in the laboratory. In the natural background of the river, the major cations are, in decreasing order, Ca2+ > Mg2+ > Na+ + K+, and major anions are, also in decreasing order, HCO3− > SO42− > Cl−. Along the river, the chemical type of water changes from bicarbonate to sulfate across the sulfate-bicarbonate or bicarbonate-sulfate class and from calcium-magnesium across sodium-calcium-magnesium reverse calcium-magnesium group. Total dissolved solids (TDS) increase by a factor of 4.0–4.7 between the upper and mouth of the river. The dissolved and suspended loads were studied in the mixing zone of acid mine and river water. The different hydrochemistry characteristics may result from Fe, Al, and Mn hydroxide precipitation. The pH values and dissolved oxygen cycles could change the uptake of heavy metals on suspended iron and manganese oxides, and the mechanism of removing it in water. River particulates have the potential of regulating heavy metal inputs to aquatic systems from pollution. The ore elements or the heavy metals are removed from the water in two ways: by the runoff of Modonkul and the sedimentation of suspended material at the bottom. The inflow of mine water into the Modonkul river leads to the rare earth elements (REEs) composition with negative cerium and positive europium anomalies.

scholarly journals Research on the impact of vibratory machining on the layer applied with the ESD technique

Mechanik ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (11) ◽  
pp. 1029-1031
Author(s):  
Sławomir Spadło ◽  
Damian Bańkowski ◽  
Piotr Młynarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Surface Treatment ◽  
Geometrical Structure ◽  
Deposition Technique ◽  
Tungsten Electrode ◽  
Abrasive Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

The article presents the proposal of using abrasive treatment in vibrating containers for surface treatment applied with the Electro Spark Deposition technique. In tests on a carbon steel the layer was applied with a tungsten electrode. After the tungsten layers were applied, a vibro-abrasive treatment was carried out. Changes in the geometrical structure of the surface of the deposited layers before and after vibratory processing were investigated. In addition, the chemical composition and the thickness of the coatings were examined.

scholarly journals Incidence of fluid inclusions on the chemical quality of salt produced in Sfax Saline -E.S of Tunisia

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-416
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Fluid Inclusions ◽  
Sea Salt ◽  
Chemical Quality ◽  
Analytical Results ◽  
Salt Crystals ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Potassium Magnesium

Halite–crystals produced in solar salts Works of Sfax Saline (E.S of TUNISIA), more often, contain fluid inclusions which fill inter– and intra–crystalline cavities and represent from 3 to 5 % in mass. With the sole aim of quantifying the impact of fluid inclusions on chemical quality of NaCl crystals, we proceeded by a comparison of the analytical results obtained from the analysis of primary salt samples with those obtained upon the same samples cleared out as much as possible of their inclusions by grinding in ethanol. The results obtained for bromine, potassium, magnesium and heavy metals (Cu, Mn, Pb, Zn and Cd) show that these inclusions have a chemical composition similar to that of mother brines. The decrease of salt -crystals size, by washing, using saturated brines, largely contributes to the reduction of impurities in alimentary sea salt.

scholarly journals Impact of Water Treatment Processes on Selected Heavy Metals Concentrations in Drinking Water Within Katsina Metropolis

2020 ◽  
pp. 336-342
Author(s):  
Yusuf Abdulrashid ◽  
Nuraddeen Abdurrahman ◽  
Kamaladdeen Abdullahi ◽  
Aisha Ado Shehu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
P Value ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
The Impact

The research focused on the impact of water treatment processes on selected heavy metals concentrations in drinking water within Katsina metropolis. Water samples were collected from taps, sachets and Ajiwa dam raw waters and analyzed for Pb, Cu, Fe, Ni, Mn, Zn and Mg using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The solid residues filtered from the treated samples were also analyzed using x-ray fluorescence (XRF) method. The result obtained from the water analysis shows that Cu concentration determined between (0.862-17.232) µg/L with the highest concentration below WHO limit in Ajiwa dam raw water, Pb concentration determined between (0.000-109.63) µg/L with the highest concentration above WHO limit in Ajiwa dam raw water, Ni concentration was detected in almost all the water samples, with the concentration between (0.000-0.72) µg/L, all the concentrations were below WHO limit, Mn concentration determined between (16.554-66.234) µg/L with the highest concentration within WHO limit in Ajiwa dam raw water, Zn concentration determined between (47.286-58.122) µg/L with the highest concentration within WHO limit in tap water, Mg concentration determined between (102.5-213.77) µg/L with the highest concentration within WHO limit in Ajiwa dam raw water. While the amount(%) of isolated element shows that Si(42.51), O(25.39), K(0.24), Ca(1.16), Ti(0.16), Mn(0.04), Fe(1.19), Cu(0.02), Zn(0.009), Ag(0.40), Ba(0.31), Ce(0.03), Nd(0.002), Eu(0.03), Re(0.04), Cl(1.14) and S(0.22) with Silicon with the highest percentage and Neodymium with the least percentage value. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows that Pb (p-value 0.000), Cu (p-value 0.000), Fe (p-value 0.000), Ni (p-value 0.490), Mn (p-value 0.007), Zn (p-value 0.000) and Mg (p-value 0.046). This results show that the concentrations of heavy metals analyzed were either removed or drastically reduced to tolerable level or standard limit set by WHO for safe drinking water through series of water treatment processes and this render the water in the areas safe for drinking for now.

scholarly journals Impact of the Allowed Compositional Range of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel on Processability and Material Properties

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4074
Author(s):  
Felix Großwendt ◽  
Louis Becker ◽  
Arne Röttger ◽  
Abootorab Baqerzadeh Chehreh ◽  
Anna Luise Strauch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Nickel Content ◽  
Equivalent Ratio ◽  
Compositional Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Nickel Equivalent

This work aims to show the impact of the allowed chemical composition range of AISI 316L stainless steel on its processability in additive manufacturing and on the resulting part properties. ASTM A276 allows the chromium and nickel contents in 316L stainless steel to be set between 16 and 18 mass%, respectively, 10 and 14 mass%. Nevertheless, the allowed compositional range impacts the microstructure formation in additive manufacturing and thus the properties of the manufactured components. Therefore, this influence is analyzed using three different starting powders. Two starting powders are laboratory alloys, one containing the maximum allowed chromium content and the other one containing the maximum nickel content. The third material is a commercial powder with the chemical composition set in the middle ground of the allowed compositional range. The materials were processed by laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M). The powder characteristics, the microstructure and defect formation, the corrosion resistance, and the mechanical properties were investigated as a function of the chemical composition of the powders used. As a main result, solid-state cracking could be observed in samples additively manufactured from the starting powder containing the maximum nickel content. This is related to a fully austenitic solidification, which occurs because of the low chromium to nickel equivalent ratio. These cracks reduce the corrosion resistance as well as the elongation at fracture of the additively manufactured material that possesses a low chromium to nickel equivalent ratio of 1.0. A limitation of the nickel equivalent of the 316L type steel is suggested for PBF-LB/M production. Based on the knowledge obtained, a more detailed specification of the chemical composition of the type 316L stainless steel is recommended so that this steel can be PBF-LB/M processed to defect-free components with the desired mechanical and chemical properties.

The Impact of Anglicizing Former German-Language Psychology Journals on Authorship and Citation Frequencies

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 190-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Krampen ◽  
Thomas Huckert ◽  
Gabriel Schui
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
English Language ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
German Language ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Number Of Citations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Number Of Authors

Exemplary for other than English-language psychology journals, the impact of recent Anglicization of five former German-language psychology journals on (1) authorship (nationality, i.e., native language, and number of authors, i.e., single or multiple authorships), (2) formal characteristics of the journal (number of articles per volume and length of articles), and (3) number of citations of the articles in other journal articles, the language of the citing publications, and the impact factors (IF) is analyzed. Scientometric data on these variables are gathered for all articles published in the four years before anglicizing and in the four years after anglicizing the same journal. Results reveal rather quick changes: Citations per year since original articles’ publication increase significantly, and the IF of the journals go up markedly. Frequencies of citing in German-language journals decrease, citing in English-language journals increase significantly after the Anglicization of former German-language psychology journals, and there is a general trend of increasing citations in other languages as well. Side effects of anglicizing former German-language psychology journals include the publication of shorter papers, their availability to a more international authorship, and a slight, but significant increase in multiple authorships.

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