Study of Urban Flood Control Planning in Taiyuan

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 1709-1714
Author(s):  
Xiu Yong Yi ◽  
Yang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
River System ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
River Channels ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Downstream Area ◽  
Soil Conservation Measures

Considering topography, climate, river system, and existing problems in Taiyuan, the urban flood control planning in Taiyuan boils down to the following points: determine the flood control standard according to the size of city; study the flood alleviating measures in the upstream area; provide adequate water and soil conservation measures in the mountainous areas reduce flash floods; divert flood from mountainous areas to the downstream area instead of to the urban; improve the river channels in the urban area; provide flood detention and retarding area in the downstream area; study non-engineering flood control measures.

scholarly journals The Influence of River Channel Occupation on Urban Inundation and Sedimentation Induced by Floodwater in Mountainous Areas: A Case Study in the Loess Plateau, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 761
Author(s):  
Zhihui Wang ◽  
Wenyi Yao ◽  
Ming Wang ◽  
Peiqing Xiao ◽  
Jishan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Loess Plateau ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
River Channel ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
River Channels ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
The Loess Plateau ◽  
Urban Flood

River channel occupation has made cities in the mountainous areas more vulnerable to floodwater out of river channels during rapid global urbanization. A better understanding of the influence of river channel occupation on urban flood disasters can serve as a reference in planning effective urban flood control strategies. In this study, taking a flood event that occurred on July 26th, 2017 in a city on the Loess Plateau as an example, field surveys, dynamics detection of the river channel using remote sensing technology, and scenario simulations with a two-dimensional flow and sediment model were utilized to quantitatively analyze the impacts of river channel occupation on urban inundation and sedimentation. The results show that river channel dynamics reduced by construction can be successfully detected using the combination of high-resolution images and Landsat time-series images. The variation of the water level–discharge relationship caused by the narrowing of the river channel and the increase of the flood-water level caused by water-blocking bridges/houses result in a significant reduction of the flood discharge capacity. The contribution of the narrowing of the river channel was 72.3% for the total area inundated by floodwater, whereas 57.2% of urban sedimentation was caused by the construction of bridges/houses within the river channel. Sustainable flood mitigation measures were also recommended according to the investigations and research findings in this study in order to reduce the social, environmental and economic damages caused by floods.

scholarly journals Integrated simulation of physical, chemical and ecological processes for river management

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Goodwin ◽  
Thomas B. Hardy
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Ecological Integrity ◽  
River System ◽  
River Management ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Ecological Resources

River management is a rapidly evolving science and recent major floods have prompted a re-examination of traditional approaches such as channelization, levees, flood walls and dams. These flood control measures are capital intensive, require significant maintenance costs, only protect local regions, and often require a tradeoff with ecological resources. Further, recent analyses have shown that the intended benefits and hydraulic performances are not achieved. A new paradigm in river management is evolving, which requires a broad range of design objectives to be met that include reduction in flood risks, ecological enhancement, recreation and aesthetics, as well as complying with strict environmental protection legislation. These more complex projects require extensive data and simulation tools to assist decision makers and communities in selecting management strategies which offer the maximum benefits, whilst preserving and enhancing the ecological integrity of the river system. A framework for the systematic analysis of the river ecosystem is outlined and illustrated by examples from the Western U S A.

Planning and Design of Urban Flood Control Measures: Assessing Effects Combination

2009 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 100-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Gomes Miguez ◽  
Flavio Cesar Borba Mascarenhas ◽  
Luiz Paulo Canedo de Magalhães ◽  
Carlos Fabiano Vellozo D’Alterio
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Planning And Design

UAV-LiDAR observations increase the precision of urban flood modelling in Accra by detecting critical micro-topographic features

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Trepekli ◽  
Thomas Friborg ◽  
Thomas Balstrøm ◽  
Bjarne Fog ◽  
Albert Allotey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Damage Potential ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Proactive Management ◽  
Precise Identification ◽  
Flood Prone Areas

<p>Rapidly expanding cities are exposed to higher damage potential from floods, necessitating effective proactive management using technological developments in remote sensing observations and hydrological modelling.  In this study we tested whether high resolution topographic data derived by Light and Detection Ranging (LiDAR) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) systems can facilitate rapid and precise identification of high-risk urban areas, at the local scale. Three flood prone areas located within the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area in Ghana were surveyed by a UAV-LiDAR system. In order to simulate a realistic flow of precipitation runoff on terrains, Digital Terrain Models (DTM) including buildings and urban features that may have a substantial effect on water flow pathways (DTMb) were generated from the UAV-LiDAR datasets. The resulting DTMbs, which had a spatial resolution of 0.3 m supplemented a satellite-based DTM of 10 m resolution covering the full catchment area of Accra, and applied to a hydrologic screening model (Arc-Malstrøm) to compare the flood simulations. The precision of the location, extent and capacity of landscape sinks were substantially improved when the DTMbs were utilized for mapping the flood propagation. The semi-low resolution DTM projected unrealistically shallower sinks, with larger extents but smaller capacities that consequently led to an overestimation of the runoff volume by 15% for a sloping site, and up to 65 % for 1st order sinks in flat terrains. The observed differences were attributed to the potential of high resolution DTMbs to detect urban manmade features like archways, boundary walls and bridges which were found to be critical in predictions of runoff’s courses, but could not be captured by the coarser DTM. Discrepancies in the derived water volumes using the satellite-based DTM vs. the UAV-LiDAR DTMbs were also traced to dynamic alterations in the geometry of streams and rivers, due to construction activities occurring in the interval between the aerial campaign and the date of acquisition of the commercially available DTM. Precise identification of urban flood prone areas can be enhanced using UAV-LiDAR systems, facilitating the design of comprehensive early flood-control measures, especially in urban settlements exposed to the adverse effects of perennial flooding. This research is funded by a grant awarded by the Danish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Danida).</p>

scholarly journals The impact of widely spaced soil conservation trees on hill pastoral systems

1997 ◽  
pp. 171-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.J. Wall ◽  
A.D. Mackay ◽  
P.D. Kemp ◽  
A.G. Gillingham ◽  
W.R.N. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Erosion Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Soil Stability ◽  
Pastoral Systems ◽  
The North ◽  
Hardwood Trees ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil Conservation Measures ◽  
Soil And Water

An estimated 3.7 million ha or 33% of the North Island requires the application of significant soil conservation measures to be able to physically sustain pastoral enterprises. Traditionally, erosion control measures on hill farmland have centred on the planting of hardwood trees, such as poplars and willows, at wide spacings. Research and experience has confirmed that where hardwood trees are adequately planted and tended, they significantly reduce the magnitude of soil erosion and maintain soil stability. However, the effects that such erosion-control plantings have on pasture and animal production owing to changes in the farm microclimate, soil and water resources remains relatively unresearched in New Zealand. Keywords: hardwood trees, physical sustainability, silvipastoral systems, soil conservation

scholarly journals Evaluation of Non Damaging Flow for a Set of Upstream Sub Basins in a River System

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parthasarathi Choudhury ◽  
Sangita Deb Barman ◽  
Jotish Nongthombam
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Channel Model ◽  
Real Life ◽  
River System ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Programming Technique ◽  
Downstream Section ◽  
System Properties ◽  
Upstream Flow

<p class="emsd"><span lang="EN-GB">A model for evaluating non damaging flow for a set of sub basins in a river system is presented. Linear Programming technique incorporating multiple inflows routing scheme is employed to evaluate upstream flow conditions necessary for satisfying specified downstream flood flow conditions. Non damaging flow for the sub basins are determined by using river system properties. The model is applied to a river system in India having flows from gauged and ungauged sub basins; flow contributions from the ungauged basins are estimated by using unit hydrograph technique. Peak flow studies involving major and minor sub basins indicate relative importance of the basins in the study area. Results obtained in the study depict variations in the non-damaging flow with the flow in the main channel. Model applications show that for flood with peaks exceeding 7566 m<sup>3</sup>/s regulating intervening basins only may not lead to safe flow at the downstream section(s). The model allows evaluating effectiveness of controlling the intervening basins in a river system; model applications to a real life river system yield results that are useful in adopting flood control measures for the study area.</span></p>

scholarly journals Collaborative Development of Green Infrastructure: Urban Flood Control Measures on Small-Scale Private Lands

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 457-468
Author(s):  
Fumiko Taura ◽  
Masaki Ohme ◽  
Yukihiro Shimatani ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Japanese Culture ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Soil Infiltration ◽  
Private Lands ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Runoff Reduction

Focusing on green infrastructure (GI), which utilizes nature’s diverse resources, we developed urban flood control measures on three small-scale private tracts in Tokyo and Fukuoka in Japan, experiencing high rainfall. In addition, we implemented these measures and verified the possibility of introduction. Using a target rainfall of 100 mm/h and previous rainfall data, we set our goal of reducing runoff from each site below the capacity of a public sewage pipe. Implementation was conducted by assessing the soil infiltration rate and developing and installing rain gardens and storage layers using crushed stones. These measures satisfied the initially set goals, drastically reducing runoff at all three sites. The target installation cost was set at 100,000 yen per cubic meter of runoff reduction. The target costs were met in the two Fukuoka sites but not at the Tokyo site. The key reasons were the high costs of removing non-permeable surfaces or improving the soil of compacted surfaces, which called for a process to balance the runoff reduction and cost to determine the most effective plan for implementing GI in urban areas. The development and implementation processes were conducted in collaboration with the house owners and concerned parties; the workshops produced constructive ideas being unconstrained by conventional thinking. Visitors highly appreciated ideas related to using water because the techniques were derived from the Japanese culture of lifestyle. Thus, introducing attractive and effective GI may be possible through collaboration. Additionally, sharing experiences led to the formation of new community ties, supporting post-implementation site maintenance.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE ANALYSIS OF WATERLOGGING BASED ON DEEP LEARNING MODEL IN WUHAN

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W7 ◽  
pp. 1313-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Pan ◽  
Z. Shao ◽  
T. Cheng ◽  
Z. Wang ◽  
Z. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Drainage Pipe ◽  
Influence Degree ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Deep Learning Model ◽  
Work And Life

This paper analyses a large number of factors related to the influence degree of urban waterlogging in depth, and constructs the Stack Autoencoder model to explore the relationship between the waterlogging points’ influence degree and their surrounding spatial data, which will be used to realize the comprehensive analysis in the waterlogging influence on the work and life of residents. According to the data of rainstorm waterlogging in 2016 July in Wuhan, the model is validated. The experimental results show that the model has higher accuracy than the traditional linear regression model. Based on the experimental model and waterlogging points distribution information in Wuhan over the years, the influence degree of different waterlogging points can be quantitatively described, which will be beneficial to the formulation of urban flood control measures and provide a reference for the design of city drainage pipe network.

scholarly journals Quantitative Assessment of Soil Erosion Based on CSLE and the 2010 National Soil Erosion Survey at Regional Scale in Yunnan Province of China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guokun Chen ◽  
Zengxiang Zhang ◽  
Qiankun Guo ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Qingke Wen
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Conservation ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Mountainous Areas ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Soil Erosion Rate ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Conservation Measures ◽  
Soil Conservation Measures

Regional soil loss assessment is the critical method of incorporating soil erosion into decision-making associated with land resources management and soil conservation planning. However, data availability has limited its application for mountainous areas. To obtain a clear understanding of soil erosion in Yunnan, a pixel-based estimation was employed to quantify soil erosion rate and the benefits of soil conservation measures based on Chinese Soil Loss Equation (CSLE) and data collected in the national soil erosion survey. Results showed that 38.77% of the land was being eroded at an erosion rate higher than the soil loss tolerance, the average soil erosion rate was found to be 12.46 t∙ha−1∙yr−1, resulting in a total soil loss of 0.47 Gt annually. Higher erosion rates mostly occurred in the downstream areas of the major rivers as compared to upstream areas, especially for the southwest agricultural regions. Rain-fed cropland suffered the most severe soil erosion, with a mean erosion rate of 47.69 t∙ha−1∙yr−1 and an erosion ratio of 64.24%. Lands with a permanent cover (forest, shrub, and grassland) were mostly characterized by erosion rates an order of magnitude lower than those from rain-fed cropland, except for erosion from sparse woods, which was noticeable and should not be underestimated. Soil loss from arable land, woodland and grassland accounted for 52.24%, 35.65% and 11.71% of the total soil loss, respectively. We also found significant regional differences in erosion rates and a close relationship between erosion and soil conservation measures adopted. The CSLE estimates did not compare well with qualitative estimates from the National Soil Erosion Database of China (NSED-C) and only 47.77% of the territory fell within the same erosion intensity for the two approaches. However, the CSLE estimates were consistent with the results from a national survey and local assessments under experimental plots. By advocating of soil conservation measures and converting slope cropland into grass/forest and terraced field, policy interventions during 2006–2010 have reduced soil erosion on rain-fed cropland by 20% in soil erosion rate and 32% in total soil loss compared to the local assessments. The quantitative CSLE method provides a reliable estimation, due to the consideration of erosion control measures and is potentially transferable to other mountainous areas as a robust approach for rapid assessment of sheet and rill erosion.

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