Improving the Physico-Mechanical Properties of Eco-Friendly Composite Made from Bamboo

This research focused on physical and mechanical properties of biocomposite made from bamboo and citric acid as natural binder. Bamboo particles was mixed with citric acid at 0 – 40 wt% resin content based on air-dried particles and each mixture was hot pressed at 180 °C for 10 min. The result showed that addition of citric acid could improve significantly the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard. The thickness swelling was 50 % for bamboo binderless particleboard (0 wt%), whereas it decreased to 7 % under a resin content of 10 wt%. The optimum resin content in this study was 30 wt%, while the modulus of rupture dan the modulus of elasticity were 14 MPa and 4.5 GPa, respectively. The ester linkages were detected by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, indicating that carboxyl groups from citric acid reacted with hydroxyl groups from bamboo to produce better properties of particleboard, especially its dimensional stability. Based on these results, it was concluded that citric acid could be as a potential natural binder for bamboo particleboard.

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KUALITAS PAPAN KOMPOSIT LIMBAH KULIT BATANG SAGU (Metroxylon sp) DAN PLASTIK POLIPROPILENA BERDASARKAN JUMLAH LAPISAN PENYUSUN

Jurnal TENGKAWANG ◽

10.26418/jt.v7i1.23665 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mayang Archila ◽

Farah Diba ◽

Dina Setyawati ◽

. Nurhaida

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Internal Bonding ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Composite Board ◽

Average Value ◽

Composite Layers ◽

Sago Bark

The objective of this research is to evaluate the effect of the number of composite layers on the quality of the composite board from sago bark waste and plastic waste, and the number of composite layers that produce the best quality on composite board. The composite board is made with size 30 cm x 30 cm x 1 cm. The composition and division of the material was carried out manually with the polypropylene distribution divided into three parts: the front and rear respectively of 15%, and the center 70% of the plastic weight. Target density of composite boards was 0.7 g / cm3. The treatment used is based on the number of layers composing, which is 5 layers, 7 layers, 9 layers, 11 layers and 13 layers. After mixed the sago bark particle and waste of polypropylene, the materials then compressed with hot press at 180oC with pressure about ± 25 kg / cm2 for 10 minutes. The composite boards then tested the quality included physical and mechanical properties. Testing of physical and mechanical properties refers to JIS A 5908-2003 standard. Physical properties consist of density, moisture content, thickness swelling, and water absorption. Mechanical properties consist of modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity, internal bonding, and modulus of screw holding strength. The study used a completely randomized design experiment consisting of 5 treatments and 3 replications. The results showed the average value of composite density was range between 0.6962 – 0.7896 g/cm3, the moisture content was range between 4.3388 % - 6.8066%, the thickness swelling was range between 8.2605% - 11.9615%, and water absorption was range between 17.2380% - 22.3867%. The average value of modulus of rupture was range between 60,0632 kg/cm2 – 64,4068 kg/cm2, the modulus of elasticity was range between 17935,1813g/cm2 – 32841,8278 kg/cm2, the internal bonding was range between 1,9268 kg/cm2 - 5,4119 kg/cm2, and the modulus of screw holding strength was range between 78,2530 kg/cm2 – 92,9677 kg/cm2. The composite board made from sago stem bark waste and polypropylene waste plastic with 13 layers treatment is the best composite board and fulfilled the JIS A 5908-2003 standard. Keywords: bark of sago, composite boards, layer of composite, polypropylenes plastic, waste

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PLA/PHA-Biodegradable Blends for Pneumothermic Fabrication of Nonwovens

Autex Research Journal ◽

10.1515/aut-2015-0047 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 119-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Krzysztofa Szuman ◽

Izabella Krucińska ◽

Maciej Boguń ◽

Zbigniew Draczyński

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Fourier Transform ◽

Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Chemical Structure ◽

Wide Spectrum ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Polymer Composition ◽

Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽

Total Reflectance ◽

The Fourier Transform

Abstract This study presents the results of research concerning fabrication of nonwovens from biodegradable polymer blends using the melt-blown method. The experiments performed within the framework of the research confirmed the possibility of obtaining polymer composites based on polylactide (PLA) with poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHA) and another aliphatic-aromatic copolyester. The obtained products were subjected to the analyses of chemical structure using the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy(FTIR) Attenuated Total Reflectance(ATR) method. The physical and mechanical properties of the fabricated nonwoven layers were also tested, which confirmed a wide spectrum of their applicability, depending on the polymer composition used in production.

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INFLUENCE OF THERMAL MODIFICATION ON THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF Eucalyptus badjensis MIXED PARTICLEBOARD / OSB PANELS

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v51i2.69403 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 419

Author(s):

Giuliano Ferreira Pereira ◽

Setsuo Iwakiri ◽

Rosilani Trianoski ◽

Polliana D'angelo Rios ◽

Renan Zunta Raia

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Thermal Modification ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Swelling Properties ◽

Different Temperatures

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of thermal modifications, at different temperatures and exposure times, on the technological properties of mixed particleboard / OSB panels made out of Eucalyptus badjensis. Using the wood of Eucalyptus badjensis, Particleboard, OSB and mixed Particleboard/OSB panels (control and thermally modified) were manufactured. The mixed panels’ thermal modification was carried out under three temperatures (180ºC, 200ºC and 220ºC) and two exposure times (10 minutes and 12 minutes). For the panels’ manufacturing, 6% of phenol-formaldehyde adhesive and 1% of paraffin were employed, which was calculated based on the particles’ dry mass. The water absorption and thickness swelling properties were evaluated after 2 and 24 hours of immersion, in addition to the panels’ modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture and internal bond. Based on the results, we were able to conclude that the thermal modification affected most of the physical properties positively. From the different exposure times studied, the most effective one was the period of 12 minutes, especially for water absorption after 2 hours, which caused a reduction of 11.27%. In turn, the most effective temperature was of 220ºC, highlighting the thickness swelling after 24 hours, which caused a swelling decrease of 23.76% in comparison with the control panels. Regarding the mechanical properties, the thermal modification, in terms of the studied exposure times and temperatures, did not affect the results of the mixed particleboard /OSB panels.

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Effects of thermo-hydro-mechanical treatments on various physical and mechanical properties of poplar (Populus) wood

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.15.4.9596-9610 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 9596-9610

Author(s):

Yali Shao ◽

Lili Li ◽

Zhangjing Chen ◽

Sunguo Wang ◽

Ximing Wang

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Thermal Treatment ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Mechanical Treatment ◽

Elasticity Modulus ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Compression Rate ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Maximum Thickness

Poplar (Populus) wood was subjected in this work to thermo-hydro-mechanical treatment. The influence of the treatment parameters on the physical and mechanical properties were investigated. The wood samples were densified under three compression ratios (0%, 30%, and 50%), and thermally treated at three temperatures (180 °C, 200 °C, and 220 °C), at three thermal treatment durations (3 h, 4 h, and 5 h). The density, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, radial hardness, and thickness swelling were measured. The results showed that the densities of the samples increased by 36.6% to 49.7%. As the compression rate increased, the temperature, duration, modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, and hardness increased. However, the dimensions of the densified samples were less stable. Compared to the densiﬁed samples, the maximum thickness swelling could be reduced by 74% (from 29.7% to 7.8%) when subjected to a thermal treatment at 220 °C for 3 h.

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Effects of Resin Content on the Characteristics of Bamboo Oriented Strand Board Prepared from Strands of Betung, Ampel, and Their Mixtures

Jurnal Sylva Lestari ◽

10.23960/jsl.v9i3.520 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 454-465

Author(s):

Tengku Muhammad Renzy Hariz ◽

Indra Agus Santosa ◽

Muhammad Iqbal Maulana ◽

Marwanto ◽

Denni Prasetia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Dimensional Stability ◽

Oriented Strand Board ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Resin Content ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Higher Dimensional ◽

Bambusa Vulgaris ◽

Dendrocalamus Asper

The objectives of this research were to evaluate bamboo-oriented strand board (BOSB) characteristics made from betung (Dendrocalamus asper), ampel (Bambusa vulgaris), and their mixtures at two different contents (3% and 5%) of methylene diphenyl di-isocyanate (MDI) adhesives. The strands were steam-treated at 126°C for 1 h under the pressure of 0.14 MPa. Three-layered BOSBs with a target density of 0.7 g/cm3 were made with the size of 30 cm x 30 cm x 0.9 cm and a shelling ratio of 1:2:1 (face:core:back layers). The physical and mechanical properties of BOSB were evaluated following JIS A 5908 (2003) standard, and the results were compared with the CSA 0437.0 Grade O-1 standard. The results show that BOSB from the mixtures of betung and ampel bamboo strands has higher dimensional stability as shown by the decrease in water absorption and thickness swelling and higher mechanical properties than single BOSB. All BOSBs with 5% resin content have higher dimensional stability, MOE, and MOR than BOSB with 3% resin content. The physical and mechanical properties of all BOSB manufactured met the CSA 0437.0 Grade O-1 standard. This study proved that BOSBs from the mixture of betung and ampel strands have the potential to be developed due to having better physical and mechanical qualities than a single BOSB. Keywords: ampel (Bambusa vulgaris), bamboo oriented strand board, betung (Dendrocalamus asper), resin content, strand mixtures

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Properties of Particleboard from Sawmill Wastes and Rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis) with Different Board Thickness and Resin Content

International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering - 2 ◽

10.35940/ijrte.d5227.118419 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 6808-6812

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Hevea Brasiliensis ◽

Urea Formaldehyde ◽

Resin Content ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Internal Bonding ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Board Thickness ◽

European Standards

This study investigate the effect of the board thickness and resin content on the properties of particleboard. Single-layered sawmill wastes and rubberwood particleboards bonded with urea formaldehyde (UF) resins were manufactured. The boards were fabricated with three different board thicknesses (15, 18 and 25mm) at three different resin contents (7, 8 and 9%). The boards produced were evaluated for their modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), internal bonding (IB) and thickness swelling (TS) in accordance with the European Standards. Board thickness does affect the mechanical properties of particleboard. The study revealed that thinner boards gave higher MOE, MOR, IB and TS. No significant effects were found among three resin contents for MOE, MOR, IB and TS. It can be concluded that the particleboard made from mix tropical wood from sawmill waste and with rubberwood were suitable for particleboard manufacturing.

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Physical and Mechanical Properties Evaluation of Corncob and Sawdust Cement Bonded Ceiling Boards

International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.42.65 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 65-75 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Atoyebi Olumoyewa Dotun ◽

Odeyemi Samson Olalekan ◽

Azeez Lateef Olugbenga ◽

Modupe Abayomi Emmanuel

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Cement Content ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

American National Standard Institute ◽

Mechanical Tests ◽

Industrial Wastes ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

National Standard ◽

Thickness Swelling

This study considered the production of composite ceiling boards from both agricultural and industrial wastes. Boards with different blending proportions by weight of cement, corncob and sawdust (Cem:Ccb:Swd) were produced and tested. Physical and mechanical tests such as Water Absorption (WA), Thickness Swelling (TS), Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) and Modulus of Rupture (MOR) were carried out on the products. The findings revealed that the board with Cem:Ccb:Swd blending proportion 50:10:40 gave the highest values of MOE and MOR and also had the lowest values of WA and TS. The MOE and MOR values of 3.432 are both higher than the minimum values of 550 N/mm2 and 3 N/mm2 specified for MOE and MOR respectively by the American National Standard Institute, for general-use particle boards. The cement content is inversely proportional to the physical properties and directly proportional to the mechanical properties.

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Particleboard Manufactured with Variation of Press Time

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1088.644 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 1088 ◽

pp. 644-647

Author(s):

Cristiane Inácio de Campos ◽

Bruno Santos Ferreira ◽

André Luis Christoforo ◽

Francisco Antonio Rocco Lahr ◽

Juliana Cortez Barbosa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Mechanical Tests ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Test Results ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Mean Values ◽

Tukey Test ◽

Press Time ◽

Brazilian Standard

This research aimed to produce and determine physical and mechanical properties of three-layered particleboard produced with Pinussp. wood particlesand three different times of press, i.e., 3, 5 and 7 minutes. Recommendations of the Brazilian standard ABNT NBR 14810 [1] were adopted to fundament physical and mechanical tests. The properties evaluated were the modulus of rupture (MOR) and modulus of elasticity (MOE) in static bending; internal bond; thickness swelling; water absorption; moisture content and apparent density.The mean values showed, for the physical properties, that all the panels manufactured achievedthe requirements of theBrazilian standard, and for mechanical properties, only the panelsmanufacturedwith 7minutesofpressing timemet therequirements. From the Tukey test results, timesof the pressingcycleinfluencedsignificantlyin allinvestigatedphysical and mechanicalproperties, showed better results the panels madewithseven minutesof the pressingcycle, implyingthat the time ofseven minutesof the pressingcycle is thebest among theinvestigatedperiodsin the manufactureofparticleboard.

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Sifat Fisis dan Mekanis Papan Semen dari Serat Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (The Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cement Board Made from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches Fibers)

Jurnal Riset Industri Hasil Hutan ◽

10.24111/jrihh.v8i2.1966 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 43-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Djoko Purwanto

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Empty Fruit Bunches ◽

Screw Withdrawal ◽

Cement Board

Oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB) fiber were industrial waste that has not been widely used by the community, only stacked and cause odors that interfere with the surrounding environment. This research studied the utilization of OPEFB fiber for cement board products using cement as resin and CaCl2 as accelerator. Laboratory scale cement board made from OPEFB fiber were mixed with cement, and CaCl2. The composition of fiber and cement were 1:1, 1:1.5, 1:2, and CaCl2 variations were 0%, 1% and 3%. A mixture of fibers, cement and CaCl2 was compressed at the pressure of 4 ton for 24 hours. The cement boards were tested for physical and mechanical properties according to JIS A 5417-1992, and the results were compared to the requirements of the cement board JIS A 5417-1992. Cement board made from fiber and cement composition 1:1.5 and CaCl2 content 3% produced moisture content, thickness swelling, water absorption, density, modulus of rupture/MOR, modulus of elasticity/MOE and screw withdrawal strength that met the requirement of JIS A 5417-1992. The composition of fiber and cement and the variations of CaCl2 content produced significant effect on water content, water absorption, thickness swelling, modulus of rupture/MOR, modulus of elasticity/MOE and screw withdrawal strength on cement boards.Keywords : oil palm empty fruit bunches fiber, cement boards, physical and mechanical properties

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PENGARUH PERENDAMAN PARTIKEL TERHADAP SIFAT FISIS DAN MEKANIS PAPAN PARTIKEL DARI AMPAS TEBU (Saccharum officinarum)

PERENNIAL ◽

10.24259/perennial.v4i1.176 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 6

Author(s):

Apri Heri Iswanto ◽

Zahrial Coto ◽

Kurniawansyah Effendy

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Modulus Of Elasticity ◽

Internal Bond ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Saccharum Officinarum ◽

Hot Water ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Thickness Swelling ◽

Holding Power

The objective of this research is to research the effect of particle soaking to physical and mechanical properties particleboard that resulted. The best result of particleboard is particleboard with treatment of hot water soaking. From this result obtained average of physical properties of particleboard (i.e. density, moisture content, water absorption, and thickness swelling) are 0.7 g/cm3; 9.58%; 52.27%; 10.05%. While the result average of mechanical properties of particleboard (i.e. Modulus of Rupture, Modulus of Elasticity, Internal Bond and Screw Holding Power) are 118.79 kg/cm2; 8.909 kg/cm2; 1.85 kg/cm2; 28.40 kg. Key words: Soaking, bagasse, particleboard, physical and mechanical properties References

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