Biogas Production from Human Faece and Community Waste Food

2014 ◽  
Vol 931-932 ◽  
pp. 1101-1105
Author(s):  
Sahassawas Poocheera ◽  
Ratchaphon Suntivarakorn ◽  
Wasakron Treedet
Keyword(s):  
Batch Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cylindrical Tank ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Clear Plastic ◽  
Waste Food

This research had an aim to study the biogas production from human faece and community waste food using batch fermentation process. In this experiment, there were 5 types of ratio between human faece and community waste food which were 1:0, 2:1, 1:1, 1:2 and 0:1 and the raw material is dilute with water in the ratio 1:4. The biogas digester was clear plastic cylindrical tank of 20 liters, base area of 300 square centimeters and height of 30 centimeters. This experiment was performed to analyze the rate of gas generation before and after the biogas composition fermentation and heating value of biogas. It was found that, in the ratio 2:1 of human faece and community waste food, the rate of biogas generation was the highest. In the ratio of 1:0, the methane gas generation was the highest which the gas methane composition is 67.6% higher than the of other animals manure, the rate of biogas generation was 0.59 m3/kg-VS and the heating value was 24,336 MJ/Nm3.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN EM4 (Effective Microorganism-4) PADA PEMBUATAN BIOGAS DARI ECENG GONDOK DAN RUMEN SAPI

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Megawati Megawati
Keyword(s):  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Chemical Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Anaerobic Digesters ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Gas Measurement ◽  
Eichornia Crassipes ◽  
Process Simulator ◽  
Effective Microorganism

<p>Eceng gondok (Eichornia crassipes) merupakan tanaman yang menjadi limbah perairan dan keberadaannya belum banyak dimanfaatkan. Kandungan selulosa, hemiselulosa, dan lignin di dalamnya dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi biogas melalui proses fermentasi. Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh EM4 (Effective Microorganism- 4) terhadap massa, nilai kalor, dan kecepatan pembentukan biogas dari eceng gondok. Percobaan dilakukan dalam anaerobic digester berukuran 4 liter, bahan baku yang digunakan adalah eceng gondok, rumen sapi, dan air dengan variabel penambahan EM4 sebesar 1% dan 0%. Fermentasi dilakukan secara batch dengan pengukuran gas (temperatur, tekanan, dan massa) setiap 7 hari sekali sampai hari ke-35. Sebelum proses fermentasi, dilakukan pengujian terhadap rasio C/N campuran bahan baku. Pembakaran gas dilakukan untuk membuktikan gas yang didapat mengandung metana. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rasio C/N untuk variabel dengan penambahan EM4 1% sebesar 5,33 dan rasio C/N untuk variabel dengan penambahan EM4 0% sebesar 7. Jadi, penambahan EM4 dapat menurunkan rasio C/N. Sementara itu, hasil fermentasinya memperlihatkan bahwa EM4 memperkecil produksi biogas meskipun proses pembentukannya cepat. Massa total biogas yang didapat pada variabel EM4 1% sebesar 1,1 g dan variabel EM4 0% sebesar 1,55 g. Tekanan<br />biogas mengalami fluktuasi (pada variabel EM4 1% sebesar 35,6 cmH2O, sedangkan pada variabel EM4 0% sebesar 40,6 cmH2O). Berdasarkan simulasi menggunakan chemical process simulator software, diketahui heating value biogas sebesar 39.180 kJ/kg.</p><p> </p><p>Water hyacinth (Eichornia crassipes) is a plant that becomes waste and its existence has not been widely used. Content of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in it can be converted into biogas through a process of fermentation. Study examines the effect of EM4 (Effective Microorganism-4) on the mass, heating value, and the rate of formation of biogas from water hyacinth. An experiments were performed in anaerobic digesters size of 4 liters, the raw material used is water hyacinth, cow's rumen, and water with variable of EM4 addition of 1% and 0%. Fermentation was carried out in batch condition with gas measurement (temperature, pressure, and mass) every 7 days until the 35th day. Before fermentation, the C/N ratio of raw material mixture was analyzed. The gas was burnt to prove that the obtained gas containing methane. Results showed that the C/N ratio for the variable with the addition EM4 1% is 5.33 and C/N ratio for the variable with the addition EM4 0% is 7. Thus, the addition of EM4 can reduce C/N ratio. Despite the formation process is rapid, the results showed that EM4 reduce the biogas production. Total mass of biogas obtained at variable<br />EM4 1% is 1.1 g and variable EM4 0% is 1,55 g. Biogas pressure is fluctuated (at variable EM4 1% is 35.6 cmH2O, EM4 0% is 40.6 cmH2O). Based on simulation using the chemical process simulator software, it is known that biogas heating value is 39,180 kJ/kg.</p>

scholarly journals Efektivitas Pemanfaatan Serbuk Gergaji dan Limbah Media Tanam Jamur (Baglog) sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Biogas

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dikdik Mulyadi ◽  
Lela Mukmilah Yuningsih ◽  
Desi Kusumawati
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Volume Measurement ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Total Volatile ◽  
A Value ◽  
Volatile Solids

Biogas is  one of energy   that can be produced by anaerobic fermentation of the organic compounds. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the utilization of waste of media  mushroom growth (baglog) with sawdust as raw material for biogas with  cow dung  activators. The study was conducted through anaerobic fermentation of the samples containing waste baglog (sample 1) and sawdust (sample 2), with the addition of cow manure activator to each sample. Both of these samples do anaerobic fermentation for 32 days, then measuring the volume of biogas every 4 days for 32 days. Methane content  in  samples 1 and 2 measured by  using gas chromatography. To see the effect of the addition of activators cow dung biogas volume measurement was  carried out with  cow dung without addition baglog waste and sawdust. The process of degradation baglog and sawdust with an activator of cow dung could be observed  in  some of the parameters through  total solids (TS), total volatile solids (TVS), volatile fatty acids (VFA), the degree of acidity (pH), and C/N ratio. The results showed that effectiveness of sample 1 resulted in the everage of total volume biogas 28% higher than  sample 2. The content of methane in  sample 1  and sampel 2  was 54% %, and 0.21% respectively. The fermentation process biogas production in this experiment  was carried out  at pH 7, with a value of TS, TVS and VFA showed a decrease  trend after the fermentation process,  C/N ratiowas  lower than the baglog waste sawdust until day 32 retention time. Keywords: Sawdust, baglog waste, biogas, fermentation, methane DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/jkv.v2i1.3100

scholarly journals Biogas composition depending on the type of plant biomass used

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Herout ◽  
J. Malaťák ◽  
L. Kučera ◽  
T. Dlabaja
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulphide ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biogas Plant ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Maize Silage ◽  
High Concentrations

The aim of the work is to determine and analyse concentrations of individual biogas components according to the used raw materials based on plant biomass. The measurement is focused on biogas production depending on input raw materials like maize silage, grass haylage and rye grain. The total amount of plant biomass entering the fermenter during the measurement varies at around 40% w/w, the rest is liquid beef manure. The measured values are statistically evaluated and optimised for the subsequent effective operation of the biogas plant. A biogas plant operating on the principle of wet anaerobic fermentation process is used for the measurement. The biogas production takes place during the wet fermentation process in the mesophile operation at an average temperature of 40&deg;C. The technology of the biogas plant is based on the principle of using two fermenters. It follows from the measured results that maize silage with liquid beef manure in the ratio of 40:60 can produce biogas with a high content of methane; this performance is not stable. At this concentration of input raw material, the formation of undesirable high concentrations of hydrogen sulphide occurs as well. It is shown from the results that the process of biogas production is stabilised by the addition of other components of plant biomass like grass haylage and rye grain and a limitation of the formation of hydrogen sulphide occurs. It follows from the results that the maize silage should form about 80% w/w from the total amount of the plant biomass used.

Experiment Study on the Biogas Fermentation of the Hylocereus undatus Stem

2013 ◽  
Vol 848 ◽  
pp. 83-87
Author(s):  
Ying Juan Li ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
Fang Yin ◽  
Wu Di Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Batch Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Experiment Study ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Fermentation Period ◽  
Hylocereus Undatus ◽  
Biogas Production Rate

In order to get the biogas fermentation potential of the Hylocereus undatus stem, this experiment was conducted the CSRT anaerobic batch fermentation with the fresh hylocereus undatus stem as the raw material and blue green algae slurry as inoculum, on the condition of feed concentration of 6.25%, temperature of 30°C and pH of 8.0. The fermentation period lasted 70 days. The results showed it produced total 4800mL biogas while went over the 90% of the biogas production in the former 48 days. The TS biogas production rate was 695mL/g, the VS biogas production rate was 80mL/g, and the raw material biogas production rate was 70mL/g. It implicated that Hylocereus undatus stem is a kind of good biogas fermentation raw material.

Experimental Study on Energy Conversion Efficiency of Biogas Fermentation of Sorghum Distilled Residue Based on Properties of Raw Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 675 ◽  
pp. 374-378
Author(s):  
Bin Yang ◽  
Fa Gen Yang ◽  
Wu Di Zhang ◽  
Fang Yin ◽  
Xing Ling Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Biogas Yield

In order to gain biogas production potential and energy conversion efficiency of biogas fermentation of sorghum distilled residue (SDR), the anaerobic batch fermentation experiments were performed at 30 degrees Celsius. After experiments, we got experimental results as follows: biogas production of SDR during total fermentation time of 28days is 2885mL; properties of raw materials including: TS is 88.58%, VS is 16.69%, heating value is 15.684kJ/g, TS biogas yield is 220mL/g, VS biogas yield is 1300ml/g, raw material biogas yield is 190mL/g, and energy conversion efficiency of biogas fermentation of SDR is 30.38%. The results indicate that biogas fermentation is an effective new method to recycle clean energy from SDR.

scholarly journals Bioconversion Studies of Methyl Laurate to Dodecanedioic Acid using a Wild-type of Candida tropicalis

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
Rifkah Akmalina ◽  
Ronny Purwadi ◽  
Johnner Sitompul
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Batch Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Methyl Laurate ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Fermentation Products ◽  
Dodecanedioic Acid

Production of dodecanedioic acid (DDDA), a platform chemical used as raw material for various commodities and polymers, has been studied through a biological process. This process was conducted by using a wild-type of Candida tropicalis which can be obtained easily from natural resources. The aim of this research was to study the characteristics of DDDA production from methyl laurate through batch fermentation process. Growth phase was carried out for 20 h, as the beginning of fermentation, then continued to conversion phase for 5 until 6 days. Utilization of methyl laurate and production of DDDA were analysed using gas chromatography, which proved the ability of C. tropicalis in assimilating methyl laurate to convert it become DDDA. The highest value of cells yield (Yx/s) and DDDA yield (Yp/s) successfully obtained were 0.86 g cells/g methyl laurate and 0.20 g DDDA/g methyl laurate, respectively. This study also showed the possibility of fermentation products accumulation as intermediate, or accumulation of DDDA inside the cells. Thus, this study can be applied as an alternative in addition to the use of mutant microorganism in producing DDDA.

scholarly journals Study on the Sequential Combination of Bioethanol and Biogas Production from Corn Straw

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (24) ◽  
pp. 4558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kotarska ◽  
Wojciech Dziemianowicz ◽  
Anna Świerczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Simultaneous Saccharification And Fermentation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Lignocellulosic Substrate ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
Sequential Combination ◽  
Simultaneous Saccharification

The objective of this study was to obtain two types of fuels, i.e., bioethanol and biogas, in a sequential combination of biochemical processes from lignocellulosic biomass (corn straw). Waste from the agricultural sector containing lignocellulose structures was used to obtain bioethanol, while the post-fermentation (cellulose stillage) residue obtained from ethanol fermentation was a raw material for the production of high-power biogas in the methane fermentation process. The studies on obtaining ethanol from lignocellulosic substrate were based on the simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) method, which is a simultaneous hydrolysis of enzymatic cellulose and fermentation of the obtained sugars. Saccharomyces cerevisiae (D-2) in the form of yeast cream was used for bioethanol production. The yeast strain D-2 originated from the collection of the Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology. Volatile compounds identified in the distillates were measured using gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). CH4 and CO2 contained in the biogas were analyzed using a gas chromatograph in isothermal conditions, equipped with thermal conductivity detector (katharometer) with incandescent fiber. Our results show that simultaneous saccharification and fermentation enables production of bioethanol from agricultural residues with management of cellulose stillage in the methane fermentation process.

Experiment Study on the Biogas Fermentation of the Cynodon dactlon (L.) Pers.

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 290-294
Author(s):  
Ying Juan Li ◽  
Bin Yang ◽  
Jing Liu ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
Fang Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Batch Fermentation ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Experiment Study ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Fermentation Period ◽  
Biogas Production Rate

In order to get the biogas fermentation potential of the Cynodon dactylon (L.)Pers, this experiment was conducted the CSRT anaerobic batch fermentation with the Cynodon dacytlon (L.)Pers. as the raw material and the mixed cultivate as inoculum, on the condition of feed concentration of 6.20%, temperature of 30°C and pH of 7.5. The fermentation period lasted 42 days. The results showed it produced total 4400mL biogas while went over the 80% of the biogas production in the early 25 days. The TS biogas production rate was 311mL/g, the VS biogas production rate was 372mL/g, and the raw material biogas production rate was 288mL/g, which implicated that Cynodon dactylon (L.)Pers. is a potential biogas fermentation raw material.

Biogas production by fermentation of residual biomass of microalgae and duckweed

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 146-151
Author(s):  
Yulia A. Smyatskaya ◽  
◽  
Natalia A. Politaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Lemna Minor ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Chlorella Sorokiniana ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fermentation Processes ◽  
Residual Biomass

This article discusses the use of residual biomass of microalgae Chlorella Sorokiniana and the residual biomass of duckweed Lemna minor (OBR) as a raw material for biogas production. Residual biomass is formed after the treatment of valuable components from the biomass of microalgae and duckweed. The fermentation process was carried out using an inoculant – lyophilized activated sludge with the addition of vitamins and macro- and microelements. Experimental studies were carried out using the Anaerobes Testsystem AMPT-II system, which made it possible to maintain a temperature of 37 °C. When fermenting 2.1 g of OBH, it was possible to obtain 205 ml of methane, and when fermenting 2.5 g of OBR, 256 ml of methane was released, while in the control bioreactor 45 ml of methane was formed. Obtaining biogas by fermenting the residual biomass of microalgae and duckweed can significantly increase the amount of methane released, which is part of biogas. The lipids and carbohydrates included in the biomass can intensify the fermentation processes and increase the amount of biogas released.

Biogas Production from Cow Manure in an Experimental 20 m3 Reactor with a Jet Mixing System

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 3290-3294
Author(s):  
Zhi Zhong Ren ◽  
Ping Ning ◽  
Li Juan Jia ◽  
Guang Fei Qu ◽  
Xiang Feng Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Batch Fermentation ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Jet Mixing ◽  
Conventional Systems

Biogas was generated from cow manure in a experimental 20 m3reactor with a jet mixing system at a temperature of 35°C. The initial concentration of TS was 5%. Several parameters was investigated to elucidate the variation law of some critical indicators in the experimental biogas systems in batch fermentation process, such as biogas production rate, biogas composition, pH, COD and VFAs concentration. It was found that the biogas production was above 0.3 m3/ kg TS under mesophilic temperature conditions, and the total biogas produced was 108 m3. The methane content in biogas was around 60% after 6 days of fermentation.COD decreased from 26,800mg/L to less than 10,000mg/L, of which 72% was converted to biogas. The concentration of VFAs decreased from 2.27g/L to around 0.8g/L, and value of the pH was stabilized between 7.36 and 7.53 after the 9th day. This anaerobic digestion system had many advantages over other conventional systems,such as stability operation, energy-saving and high substrate utilization rate, which means its application in biogas production is feasible.

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