Diffusion and Phase Transformations in Steels: a Tool for Experimentation and a Method for Modelling

2006 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
pp. 239-246
Author(s):  
Yves Bréchet ◽  
Christopher R. Hutchinson ◽  
Gary R. Purdy ◽  
Hatem S. Zurob
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Phase Transformations ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Experimental Temperature ◽  
Equilibrium Conditions ◽  
First Time

The kinetics and morphology of the grain boundary grooving of Zn bicrystals with 16° <1010> tilt GB by Sn(Zn) melt has been studied at 325°C in equilibrium conditions in vacuum. It is shown that grooving process is interface controlled at least on the first stage. Groove walls mobility is evaluated. Changing of GB grove shape from “faceted walls” corner for annealing time < 78 h to concave “Mullins type” groove for annealing time > 78 h at the same experimental temperature was observed for the first time.

scholarly journals Grain Boundary Wetting in Zn Bicrystals by a Sn-Based Melt

2006 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
pp. 235-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Murashov ◽  
Boris B. Straumal ◽  
Pavel Protsenko
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Experimental Temperature ◽  
Equilibrium Conditions ◽  
Grain Boundary Wetting ◽  
First Time

The kinetics and morphology of the grain boundary grooving of Zn bicrystals with 16° <1010> tilt GB by Sn(Zn) melt has been studied at 325°C in equilibrium conditions in vacuum. It is shown that grooving process is interface controlled at least on the first stage. Groove walls mobility is evaluated. Changing of GB grove shape from “faceted walls” corner for annealing time < 78 h to concave “Mullins type” groove for annealing time > 78 h at the same experimental temperature was observed for the first time.

scholarly journals Internal melt figures in ice by rapid adiabatic compression

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (134) ◽  
pp. 132-134
Author(s):  
R.E. Gagnon ◽  
C. Tulk ◽  
H. Kiefte
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformations ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Adiabatic Compression ◽  
Air Bubbles ◽  
Water Ice ◽  
Deep Focus ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
First Time

AbstractSingle crystals and bicrystals of water ice have been adiabatically pressurized to produce, and clearly illustrate, two types of internal melt figures: (1) dendritic figures that grow from nucleation imperfections on the specimen’s surface, or from air bubbles at grain boundaries, into the ice as pressure is elevated; and (2) compression melt fractures, flat liquid-filled disks, that nucleate at imperfections in the crystal and grow with the application of pressure eventually to sprout dendritic fingers at the periphery. The transparency of the ice permitted visualization of the growth and behavior of the figures, and this could be an important tool in understanding the role of phase transformations in deep-focus earthquakes. Correlation between figure size and pressure is noted for the first time.

Mechanical Properties of Novel Nanocrystalline Materials

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Narayan ◽  
H. Wang ◽  
A. Kvit
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Nanocrystalline Materials ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Grain Boundary Sliding ◽  
Boundary Shear ◽  
Functionally Gradient ◽  
Boundary Sliding ◽  
First Time ◽  
Critical Grain Size

Abstract We have synthesized nanocrystalline thin films of Cu, Zn, TiN, and WC having uniform grain size in the range of 5 to 100 nm. This was accomplished by introducing a couple of manolayers of materials with high surface and have a weak interaction with the substrate. The hardness measurements of these well-characterized specimens with controlled microstructures show that hardness initially increases with decreasing grain size following the well-known Hall-Petch relationship (H∝d−½). However, there is a critical grain size below which the hardness decreases with decreasing grain size. The experimental evidence for this softening of nanocrystalline materials at very small grain sizes (referred as reverse Hall-Petch effect) is presented for the first time. Most of the plastic deformation in our model is envisioned to be due to a large number of small “sliding events” associated with grain boundary shear or grain boundary sliding. This grain-size dependence of hardness can be used to create functionally gradient materials for improved adhesion and wear among other improved properties.

Evolution of Grain Boundary Texture in Zirconium Alloys

2011 ◽  
Vol 702-703 ◽  
pp. 710-713
Author(s):  
Karri V. Mani Krishna ◽  
Sudipto Mandal ◽  
Ankur Agrawal ◽  
Vijay Hiwarkar ◽  
Dinesh Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Zirconium Alloys ◽  
Alpha Phase ◽  
Variant Selection ◽  
Alpha Beta

Grain boundary texture evolution in case of two of the Zr based alloys (Zircaloy-4 and Zr-2.5\%Nb) was studied. In case of Zircaloy-4, grain boundary texture evolution during $\beta$ $\to$ $\alpha$ phase transformation was monitored. Direct evidence of variant selection during this transformation is presented. In case of Zr-2.5\%Nb alloy, considerable increase in $\alpha/\beta$ interfaces following Burger's orientation relationship was noticed with increasing annealing time at 700 \textdegree{}C.

Measurement of the Kinetics of Thermal Effects during Phase Transformations in ADI

2006 ◽  
Vol 508 ◽  
pp. 585-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Kapturkiewicz ◽  
Edward Fraś ◽  
Janusz Lelito ◽  
Andriy A. Burbelko
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformations ◽  
Heat Generation ◽  
Ductile Iron ◽  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Generation Rate ◽  
Experimental Temperature ◽  
Heat Generation Rate ◽  
Measuring Device ◽  
Special Measuring ◽  
Kinetics Of

The heat generation rate during austempering of ADI (Austempered Ductile Iron) for process temperatures of 250, 265, 280 and 293°C has been presented. A special measuring device was constructed. Thermal effects were quantified by analysis of the experimental temperature curves during the austempering process.

scholarly journals High depth-resolution laser ablation chemical analysis of additive-assisted Cu electroplating for microchip architectures

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 2371-2374 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Riedo ◽  
V. Grimaudo ◽  
P. Moreno-García ◽  
M. B. Neuland ◽  
M. Tulej ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Depth Resolution ◽  
Boundary Analysis ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Cu Electroplating ◽  
First Time ◽  
High Depth

Highly sensitive LIMS measurements allow for the first time quantitative grain boundary analysis at the nanometre regime.

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