Modification of Sintered 316L Stainless Steel by Addition of Calcium Pyrophosphate

2009 ◽  
Vol 283-286 ◽  
pp. 291-296
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Grądzka-Dahlke
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Diffusion Processes ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Calcium Pyrophosphate ◽  
Solid Lubrication ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Scanning Electron

The paper concerns the problem of exploitative composite materials with solid lubrication additions. The goal of the present investigation was to research the composite materials based on 316L stainless steel powders with the addition of calcium pyrophosphate (Ca2P2O7). The diffusion processes of main elements during sintering were analyzed. The influence of volume fraction of additions on structure of composites and their tribological properties were examined. Tribological tests were performed by a special tribometer, which allowed to realize research during the periodically variable motion with low velocity and variable values of pressure. The structure of materials was observed with scanning electron microscope (SEM). The intensive diffusion of main alloying elements brought the segregation of components and appearance of new phases. Changes in the microstructure, particularly the solution of phosphorus in austenite and attendance of phosphides and oxides insertions, had an effect on mechanical properties of materials. The microhardness, yield strength values as well as wear resistance increased considerably with the rise of modifier addition.

A Study on the Optimization of Solvent Debinding Process for Powder Injection Molded 316L Stainless Steel Parts

2016 ◽  
Vol 1133 ◽  
pp. 324-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aslam ◽  
Faiz Ahmad ◽  
P.S.M. Bm-Yousoff ◽  
Khurram Altaf ◽  
Afian Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Powder Injection ◽  
Blade Mixer ◽  
Injection Molded ◽  
Debinding Process ◽  
Scanning Electron

Optimization of solvent debinding process parameters for powder injection molded 316L stainless steel (SS) has been reported in this research work. Powder gas atomized (PGA) 316L SS was blended with a multicomponent binder in Z-blade mixer at 170°C ± 5°C for 90 minutes. Feedstock was successfully injected at temperature 170 ± 5°C. Injection molded samples were immersed in n-heptane for 2h, 4h, 6h and 8h at temperatures 50°C ,55°C and 60°C to extract the soluble binder components. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) results attested that soluble binder components were completely extracted from injection molded samples at temperature 55°C after 6h.

Electrophoretic Deposition of PEEK-TiO2 Composite Coatings on Stainless Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 507 ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrid Seuss ◽  
Tayyab Subhani ◽  
Min Yi Kang ◽  
Kenji Okudaira ◽  
Isaac E. Aguilar Ventura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Heat Treatment Process ◽  
Steel Substrates ◽  
Scanning Electron

Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) has been successfully used to deposit composite coatings composed of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on 316L stainless steel substrates. The suspensions of TiO2 nanoparticles and PEEK microparticles for EPD were prepared in ethanol. PEEK-TiO2 composite coatings were optimized using suspensions containing 6wt% PEEK-TiO2 in ethanol with a 3:1 ratio of PEEK to TiO2 in weight and by applying a potential difference of 30 V for 1 minute. A heat-treatment process of the optimized PEEK-TiO2 composite coatings was performed at 335°C for 30 minutes with a heating rate of 10°Cminto densify the deposits. The EPD coatings were microstructurally evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was demonstrated that EPD is a convenient and rapid method to fabricate PEEK/TiO2 coatings on stainless steel which are interesting for biomedical applications.

Electrodeposition of Aluminum on 316L Stainless Steel from Molten Salts Based on Chlorides

2008 ◽  
Vol 373-374 ◽  
pp. 273-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Jiang Wang ◽  
Xin Xin Ma ◽  
Guang Wei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Molten Salts ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Aluminum Layer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Purity Aluminum ◽  
Scanning Electron

The electrodeposition of aluminum on 316L stainless steel from a molten salts based on chloride has been studied. The surface morphology of the aluminum layer has been examined through scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the structure of the aluminum layer has been analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The thickness of the deposited aluminum layer has been measured by the method of cross-section scan. It has been suggested that a white, smooth, non-porous and a high purity aluminum layer can be obtained on 316L stainless steel from the ternary chloride molten salts (AlCl3 – NaCl - KCl). And the structure of the aluminum layer was single-phase.

scholarly journals Investigation on the acoustic properties of structural gradient 316L stainless steel hollow spheres composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 478-488
Author(s):  
Chunhe Wang ◽  
Chunhuan Guo ◽  
Fengchun Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Sound Absorption ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Hollow Spheres ◽  
Acoustic Properties ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Acoustic Performance ◽  
A356 Aluminum ◽  
Different Diameters ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract In this study, a kind of structural gradient metal hollow spheres composites (SG-MHSCs) were fabricated using two kinds of 316L stainless steel hollow spheres with different diameters and A356 aluminum through the casting method. Then the density of the SG-MHSCs was measured by the direct measurement; the microstructure of the SG-MHSCs was characterized by the Scanning Electron Microscope. Meanwhile, the acoustic performance of MHSCs was tested by the impedance tube, and the sound absorption and insulation mechanism SG-MHSCs were discussed and analyzed.

Effect of Chlorine Ion on the Corrosion of 316L Austenitic Stainless Steel

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiman Aghababaie ◽  
Hamid Reza Javadinejad ◽  
Mohsen Saboktakin Rizi ◽  
Marzieh Ebrahimian
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Pitting Corrosion ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Reaction Rates ◽  
Cathodic Reaction ◽  
316L Steel ◽  
316L Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Chlorine Ion ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Effect Of Chlorine

In this study corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel has been investigated in a solution containing different percentages of hypochloric solution. In order to examine the rate and mechanism of the occurrence of pitting corrosion in this steel, various corrosion tests have been used. In addition, the locale of the pitting corrosion has been examined by scanning electron microscope. Results show that the presence of chlorine ion with the increase of cathodic reaction rates cause to increase the likelihood of pitting corrosion in 316L steel.

Influence of Spatial Structures of 316L Stainless Steel on its Cavitation Erosion Resistance

2014 ◽  
Vol 225 ◽  
pp. 109-114
Author(s):  
Beata Śniegocka ◽  
Marek Szkodo ◽  
Jarosław Chmiel
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Cavitation Erosion ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Erosion Test ◽  
Cavitation Erosion Resistance ◽  
Scanning Electron

Cavitation erosion performance of modified macroscopic internal structure 316L stainless steel was investigated. The samples processed by means of SLM method were subjected to cavitation erosion test. The scanning electron microscope Philips 30/ESEM was used to examine morphology of eroded surface.

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Response to 444 Ferritic Stainless Steel Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 1569 ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Symeonidou ◽  
Rose L Spear ◽  
Roger A Brooks ◽  
Athina E Markaki
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fibre Volume Fraction ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Bone Implant ◽  
Implant Coating ◽  
Bone Anchorage

ABSTRACTThe aim of this work is to improve bone-implant bonding. This can, potentially, be achieved through the use of an implant coating composed of fibre networks. It is hypothesised that such an implant can achieve strong peri-prosthetic bone anchorage, when seeded with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The materials employed were 444 and 316L stainless steel fibre networks of the same fibre volume fraction. The present work confirms that hMSCs are able to proliferate and differentiate towards the osteogenic lineage when seeded onto the fibre networks. Cellular viability, proliferation and metabolic activity were assessed and the results suggest higher proliferation rates when hMSC are seeded onto the 444 networks as compared to 316L. Cell distribution was found uniform across the seeded surfaces with 444 showing a somewhat higher infiltration depth.

scholarly journals A Quantitative Evaluation of Microstructure by Electron Back-Scattered Diffraction Pattern Quality Variations

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (S5) ◽  
pp. 83-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suk Hoon Kang ◽  
Hyung-Ha Jin ◽  
Jinsung Jang ◽  
Yong Seok Choi ◽  
Kyu Hwan Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Grain Orientation ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Isothermal Annealing ◽  
Lattice Defect ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope Measurement ◽  
Qualitative Measure ◽  
Band Contrast ◽  
Electron Back Scattered Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractBand contrast (BC) is a qualitative measure of electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD), which is derived from the intensity of the Kikuchi bands. The BC is dependent upon several factors including scanning electron microscope measurement parameters, EBSD camera setup, and the specimen itself (lattice defect and grain orientation). In this study, the effective factors for BC variations and the feasibility of using BC variations for the quantification of microstructure evolutions have been investigated. In addition, the effects of the lattice defect and the grain orientation on the BC variations are studied. Next, a shear-deformed microstructure of 316L stainless steel, which contains nanosized grains and a large portion of twin boundaries, is revealed by BC map and histogram. Recovery and recrystallization of shear-deformed 316L stainless steel are displayed by BC variations during isothermal annealing at 700 and 800°C, respectively. It is observed that the BC turns bright as the shear-deformed crystal structure is recovered or recrystallized.

scholarly journals Simulation on the Two-phase Separation of Powder Injection Molding 316L Stainless Steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 246-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng SHANG ◽  
Bin QIAO ◽  
Yan-feng DONG ◽  
Zhen-wei CAO ◽  
Wei SUN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Injection Molding ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Solid Volume Fraction ◽  
Powder Injection Molding ◽  
Powder Injection ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Simulation Results

By utilizing the FLUENT software, finite element simulation analysis was performed on the two-phase separation of powder injection molding, and the simulation results were verified through experiment. As indicated in the simulation results, the optimal process parameters for the injection molding of 316L stainless steel sample were to inject at 70 MPa and 140 °C, at an injection speed of 3.49 cm3/s. Under these conditions, the maximum average solid volume fraction in observation area of the sample was 57.68 %. Additionally, it was discovered that while preparing 316L stainless steel was prepared by powder injection molding, the smaller the average porosity of the sample, the greater the Vickers hardness. And then the higher the average solid volume fraction simulated the slighter the two-phase separation between the powder and the binder. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ms.25.3.19137

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