The Research of Iron Containing Wastes Modification Process of Leninabad Rare Metals Plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 778-783
Author(s):  
Pavel V. Matyukhin ◽  
Daler I. Mirzoev
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Filling Material ◽  
Rare Metals ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Modification Process ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Enrichment Process

The paper presents the results of ferriferous wastes modification process research carried on the basis of JCS “Leninobad rare metals Plant” located in the Republic of Tajikistan. The wastes for the study were taken from the western tailing. The article presents the justification of the chosen wastes as a filling material in the development of new radiation protective composite building materials. The data on the initial ferriferous chemical composition of the tailing wastes and the chemical composition of the material that passed the enrichment process is presented. The study contains microphotos of ferriferous haematite raw material particles surface before and after completing the modifying process. The paper presents and describes the study of X-ray phase analysis diffractograms of enriched iron-containing wastes before and after the modification process. The current research proves that the enrichment ferriferous wastes particles modification process is possible and as a result it can be used as a filling for the development of new kinds of radioprotective composite materials.

scholarly journals Geochemistry and Mineralogy of Ice-Dammed Lake Sediments of the Lębork Deposit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radosław Rogoziński ◽  
Alina Maciejewska
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dominant Component ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Dammed Lake

AbstractVarved clay deposits from ice-dammed lakes are a particularly important and broadly applied raw material used for the production of high-quality ceramics (red bricks, roof tiles, etc.), but the mineralogy and geochemistry of these sediments are not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to determine the chemical and mineralogical composition of ice-dammed lake sediments of the Lębork deposit. Major-element analysis of the compositions of selected samples from the ice-dammed lake clays was performed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and trace elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The mineralogical composition of clay samples was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Analyses of the chemical composition of the ice-dammed lake clays of the Lębork deposit showed that the dominant component was SiO2 with a mean content of 56.13 wt.%; the second most abundant component was Al2O3, with a mean content for the entire deposit of 11.61 wt.%. Analysis by ICP-MS indicated the presence of rare earth elements (REE), e.g. cerium, neodymium, lanthanum, and praseodymium; their mean contents are: 56.9, 27.0, 26.3, and 7.3 ppm, respectively. Mineralogical analysis of the varved clays identified quartz, muscovite, calcite, and clay minerals – illite, kaolinite, and montmorillonite. The material filling the Lębork basin is characterized by small lateral and vertical variability in chemical composition. The results of the present study may be of considerable importance in determining the parent igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rocks, the weathering products of which supplied material to the ice-dammed lake, as well as in determining the mechanisms and character of the sedimentation process itself.

Sedimentary Clays as Geopolymer Precursor

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 97-111
Author(s):  
F. Mostefa ◽  
Nasr Eddine Bouhamou ◽  
H.A. Mesbah ◽  
Salima Aggoun ◽  
D. Mekhatria
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Calcination Time ◽  
Calorimetric Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Mechanical Performances

This work aims to study the feasibility of making a geopolymer cement based on dredged sediments, from the Fergoug dam (Algeria) and to evaluate their construction potential particularly interesting in the field of special cementitious materials. These sediments due to their mineralogical composition as aluminosilicates; are materials that can be used after heat treatment. Sedimentary clays were characterized before and after calcination by X-ray diffraction, ATG / ATD, spectroscopy (FTIR) and XRF analysis. The calcination was carried out on the raw material sieved at 80 μm for a temperature of 750 ° C, for 3.4 and 5 hours. The reactivity of the calcined products was measured using isothermal calorimetric analysis (DSC) on pastes prepared by mixing an alkaline solution of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) 8 M in an amount allowing to have a Na / Al ratio close to 1 (1: 1). Also, cubic mortar samples were prepared with a ratio L / S: 0.8, sealed and cured for 24 hours at 60 ° C and then at room temperature until the day they were submited to mechanical testing. to check the extent of geopolymerization. The results obtained allowed to optimize the calcination time of 5 hours for a better reactivity of these sediments, and a concentration of 8M of sodium hydroxide and more suitable to have the best mechanical performances.

scholarly journals Research into the chemical composition of refinery slag from silicon production for its efficient recycling

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-263
Author(s):  
N. V. Nemchinova ◽  
V. V. Hoang ◽  
I. I. Aponchuk
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Smelting Process ◽  
Elemental Silicon ◽  
Silicon Production ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Industrial Material ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
Oxidation Refining

The aim was to investigate the chemical composition of refinery slag obtained during silicon production in order to identify approaches to its further recycling. Research samples were collected from the slag remained after oxidation refining at the JSC Silicon (AO Kremny), RUSAL (Shelekhov, Irkutsk Oblast). The methods of X-ray phase, X-ray fluorescence, metallographic and scanning electron microscopy were employed to investigate the chemical composition of the samples. It was found that the refinery slag under study includes such basic components as elemental silicon, its carbide and oxide, as well as elemental carbon. It was shown that silicon carbide is the product of incomplete reduction, resulting from melting silica-containing ores in a smelting furnace. According to the conducted X-ray fluorescent analysis, the samples also contain (wt %): Ca - 7.40; Al - 3.80; Fe - 0.30; Ba - 0.19; K - 0.14; Na - 0.09; Sr - 0.09; Mg - 0.08; Ti - 0.05; S - 0.02. Calcium and aluminium are present in the slag mostly in the form of oxides. Complex oxides of an anor-thite type were also found: CaO Al2O3 2SiO2. The refinery slag under study also features insignificant amounts of other metal oxides, which are released from the furnace slag forming during the smelting process. The slag produced by oxidation refining during crystalline silicon production is a technogenic raw material containing valuable components. Due to the significant content of silicon in the refinery slag (from 42% to 65%), the existing methods applied to recycle such an industrial material were analysed in terms of additional silicon extraction or production of commercial silicon-containing products, which are in demand in various industries.

scholarly journals Investigation of Building Materials Belonging to the Ruins of the Tsogt Palace in Mongolia

Heritage ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 2494-2514
Author(s):  
Alessandro Sardella ◽  
Sonia Canevarolo ◽  
Elena Marrocchino ◽  
Francesca Tittarelli ◽  
Alessandra Bonazza
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heritage Building ◽  
Aggregate Composition

This work focuses on the characterisation of the heritage building materials (plasters, mortars, bricks and glazed tiles) of the Tsogt Palace’s ruins located in the Bulgan Province of Mongolia. In addition, contribution is also given to a preliminary evaluation of their state of conservation in consideration of the climate conditions to which the site is exposed. To accomplish the objectives, information on the climate and historical context have been acquired. A set of analytical methodologies has been applied on the seventeen samples collected: Polarized Light (PLM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDX), X-Ray Diffraction (XRPD), Raman Spectroscopy and Ion Chromatography (IC). The data obtained allowed us to achieve a mineralogical and petrographic characterisation of the samples, underlining the nature of the binder in mortars and plasters, the type of clay used as raw material for bricks and tile, their hypothetical firing temperature and the aggregate composition. Moreover, it was also possible to identify the colouring coating typology in tiles and their process of production. Regarding the state of conservation, the principal deterioration phenomena affecting the site due to environmental impact can be also hypothesised, even though major studies are necessary for an exhaustive assessment.

Pore-Forming Additives for Ceramic Gravel Production Made of Technogenic Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 870 ◽  
pp. 196-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.Yu. Kiryushina ◽  
N.S. Lupandina
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Optimal Amount ◽  
Technogenic Waste

The purpose of the research is to determine the possibility of producing claydite gravel using the technogenic waste - wastewater treatment sludge – as the raw material. In this paper the titrimetric, spectrophotometrical, atomic absorption methods of research are used, the chemical composition of clay and wastewater treatment sludge has been determined. The possibility of using this waste material as an additive for claydite gravel production has been proved. The optimal amount of the wastewater treatment sludge being added to the basic raw stuff has been identified. The negligible extent of heavy metals leaching from the obtained building material has been researched and experimentally proved. The article can be of interest for the specialists in the sphere of obtaining new building materials based on industrial waste and wastewater treatment.

Second-Generation Aluminium Extraction Residue Used as Devitrification Aid for Glass-Ceramics

2008 ◽  
Vol 587-588 ◽  
pp. 773-777
Author(s):  
M.C. Ferreira ◽  
Wilson Acchar ◽  
Ana M. Segadães ◽  
Sonia Regina Homem de Mello-Castanho
Keyword(s):  
Second Generation ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Glass Frit ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Devitrification Process ◽  
Extraction Metallurgy

Brazil has one of the world’s most important Bauxite deposits, the raw material for the aluminium extraction metallurgy. This work is focused on finding a suitable application for the white dross residue (WDR), a second-generation waste material produced during the metal recovery from the slag left after the primary extraction of aluminium from the ore. A commercial lime-silica based glass frit was used, to which WDR additions were made (up to 30 wt.%), aimed at studying the devitrification process of the glasses produced. Such mixtures were melted at temperatures varying from 1100 to 1500°C and the resulting fritted glasses were heat treated at 900°C. The starting materials and the mixtures thereof were characterized before and after thermal treatment by differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction and fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy. The results obtained showed that the WDR is easily incorporated into the glass matrix and causes easy devitrification after short heat treatment periods at low temperature.

Microstructural Investigations of Nickel-Based Superalloys with Different Structure

2013 ◽  
Vol 592-593 ◽  
pp. 557-560
Author(s):  
Maciej Pytel ◽  
Andrzej Nowotnik ◽  
Dariusz Szeliga ◽  
Jan Sieniawski
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Primary Dendrite ◽  
Nickel Superalloy ◽  
Vacuum Furnace ◽  
Polycrystalline Nickel ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Dendrite Arm Spacing ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Primary Dendrite Arm Spacing

This paper presents the results of analysis of superalloys microstructures with different structures: polycrystalline nickel-based superalloy René 80, Mar-M 200Hf directionally solidified with columnar grains and single crystal CMSX-4. Microstructure studies were performed using a scanning electron microscope Hitachi FE-SEM SU-70 and S-3400N equipped with a Thermo Scientific Noran System for analysis of chemical composition by X-ray dispersion. Metallographic microsections of the rods before and after heat treatment was performed, which were electrolytically etched using different reagents. The morphology of γ phase precipitates in the interdendritic areas and dendritic cores was analyzed. Single crystal rods of nickel superalloy CMSX-4 were cast by Bridgman technique in a vacuum furnace of ALD Vacuum Technologies. Rods were withdrawn with rate: 1mm/min and 5mm/min. EDS X-ray microanalysis showed significant differences in chemical composition between the cores dendrites and eutectic regions. Significant differences in the number of dendrites, the shape and length of the arms were observed. A lower speed rate causes that amount of eutectic is lower but value of primary dendrite arm spacing is higher, while a higher withdraw rate increases the amount of eutectic and decreases primary dendrite arm spacing.

Mixture of the Reaction Products during Hardening of the Water Glass Radiation-Protective Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 746 ◽  
pp. 289-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Valerjevich Korolev ◽  
Anna Nikolaevna Grishina
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Water Glass ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Barium Chloride ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
X Ray

The water glass can be used as a binder for the design of water-resistant radiation-protective building materials. In the present work the possibility of hardening of such materials by barium chloride is investigated. The chemical reactions which can take place during the structure forming and lead to the formation of barium hydrosilicates are presented. It is shown by means of X-ray phase analysis that formation of such hydrosilicates of composition BaO·SiO2·6Н2О, BaO·2SiO2·4Н2О, Ba2[SiO2(OH)2]2and BaO·SiO2·Н2О actually occurs. The influence of the quantity of hardener to the chemical composition of the reaction products is examined. The effect of the reaction products to the water resistance of composite is studied. It is shown that water resistance can be increased in case of stochiometric quantity of barium chloride; in such case the primary product of reaction is BaO·2SiO2·4Н2О.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Pb(II) from Aqueous Solution by Mussel Shell-Based Adsorbent: Preparation, Characterization, and Adsorption Performance

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 741
Author(s):  
Quan Wang ◽  
Fangyuan Jiang ◽  
Xiao-Kun Ouyang ◽  
Li-Ye Yang ◽  
Yangguang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mussel Shell ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Freundlich Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Mussel Shells ◽  
Shell Powder

As a natural biological adsorbent, shell powder is inexpensive, highly efficient, and does not leave any chemical residue; thus, it can be used to remove contaminants from water. In this study, we used mussel shells as a raw material to prepare an adsorbent. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe the surface morphology of the mussel shell powder before and after calcination, and X-ray diffraction measurements, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller measurements were performed to analyze the structure and composition of calcined mussel shell powder. Characterization of the shell powder before and after calcination revealed a change from calcium carbonate to calcium oxide, as well as the formation of a surface porous structure. Using Pb(II) as a representative contaminant, various factors affecting the adsorption were explored, and the adsorption mechanism was analyzed. It was found that the adsorption is consistent with the Freundlich adsorption isotherm and the pseudo second-order model. The calcined mussel shell powder exhibits excellent adsorption for Pb(II), with an adsorption capacity reaching 102.04 mg/g.

scholarly journals The Impact of Implementation of the Regulation of Minister of Marine and Fisheries Number 56 and 57 of 2014 to the Fishing Industry in Bitung, North Sulawesi, and Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-143
Author(s):  
Stanny S Rawung ◽  
Ficke H Rawung
Keyword(s):  
Fisheries Management ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fishing Industry ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Second Amendment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Multiplier Effects ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Regional Fisheries Management

The fishing industry is the dominant driver of the Economy in Bitung. The major contribution of fishing industry to Bitung City made this city known by the term "Skipjack". With the enactment of the Regulation of the Minister of Marine and Fisheries No 56 of 2014 on Temporary Cessation (Moratorium) Licensing of Fish in Regional Fisheries Management of the Republic of Indonesia and the Regulation of the Minister of Marine and Fisheries No. 57 of 2014 regarding the Second Amendment to the Regulation of the Minister of Marine and Fisheries No. 30 / MEN / 2012 on Business fisheries Regional fisheries Management in the Republic of Indonesia., brought a huge impacts for the fisheries industry in Bitung. The implementation of the new fishing regulation did not only affect the fishing industry in Bitung, but also throughout the economy on the city of Bitung and North Sulawesi. This research analyzed the impact of the application of the regulation. In this study, the researchers examined the Fishing Industry Bitung city before and after implementation of the fishing regulation. The study also included the analysis of the fish/raw material supply chain which most severely affected by the new fishing regulation and also discuss the multiplier effects from the application of the fishing regulation.

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