Interdiffusion Studies in the Co-Sb System

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 35-39
Author(s):  
Amudha Armugam ◽  
Ravi Raju ◽  
Varun Baheti
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Bulk Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Couples ◽  
Homologous Temperature ◽  
The Difference ◽  
High Homologous Temperature ◽  
Scanning Electron

CoSb based compounds have gained much importance in the fields of thermoelectric devices. In this work, we have conducted the solid–state conventional bulk diffusion couple experiments. To study the phase evolutions, Co/Sb diffusion couples are annealed at 450–550 °C. The interdiffusion zone is analysed using field emission gun equipped scanning electron microscope and the composition measurements are done in electron probe micro−analyser to confirm the growth of various product phases. The marker experiment indicates that the CoSb3 phase grows mainly by diffusion of Sb in the binary Co–Sb system. Growth of the CoSb3 phase is discussed based on assessment correlating the difference in mobilities of species with the high homologous temperature, crystal structure of the phase, and the concept of sublattice diffusion mechanism in line compounds.

High Resolution Scanning Electron Microscopy

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 478-479
Author(s):  
David Joy ◽  
James Pawley
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Impact Point ◽  
Interaction Volume ◽  
Scanning Electron

The scanning electron microscope (SEM) builds up an image by sampling contiguous sub-volumes near the surface of the specimen. A fine electron beam selectively excites each sub-volume and then the intensity of some resulting signal is measured. The spatial resolution of images made using such a process is limited by at least three factors. Two of these determine the size of the interaction volume: the size of the electron probe and the extent to which detectable signal is excited from locations remote from the beam impact point. A third limitation emerges from the fact that the probing beam is composed of a finite number of discrete particles and therefore that the accuracy with which any detectable signal can be measured is limited by Poisson statistics applied to this number (or to the number of events actually detected if this is smaller).

scholarly journals Interfacial reactions between solid Ni and liquid Sn-Zn alloys

2015 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Gandova
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Interfacial Reactions ◽  
Diffusion Couples ◽  
Zn Diffusion ◽  
Ni Substrate ◽  
Industry Applications ◽  
Zn Alloys ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Intermetallic Layers

The limitation of the harmful lead-containing solders used in the electronics and other industry applications change lead with another metals. Interfacial reactions between Sn-Zn alloys and Ni substrate after annealing at 400 and 450?C were studied. Three intermetallic compounds Ni3Sn4, T1, ?-Ni5Zn21 and liquid Sn were observed in the Ni/Sn-Zn diffusion couples. Scanning electron microscope was used for the investigation of the microstructure. The microhardness measurement of the intermetallic layers was also performed.

Study on the Properties of Doped La in BaBi4Ti4O15 Ceramic

2007 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 243-246
Author(s):  
Xing Hua Yang ◽  
Jin Liang Huang ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Chun Wei Cui
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lanthanum Content ◽  
Scanning Electron

BaBi4-xLaxTi4O15 (BBLT) ceramics were prepared by conventional solid phase sintering ceramics processing technology. The crystal structure and the microstructure were detected by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The XRD analyses show that La3+ ions doping did not change the crystal structure of BBT ceramics. The sintering temperature increased from 1120°C to 1150°C with increasing Lanthanum content from 0 to 0.5, but it widened the sintering temperature range from 20°C to 50°C and refined the grain size of the BBT ceramic. Additionally, polarization treatment was performed and finally piezoelectric property was measured. As a result, the piezoelectric constant d33 of the 0.1at.% doped BBLT ceramics reached its highest value about 22pc/N at polarizing electric field of 8kV/mm and polarizing temperature of 120°C for 30min.

The different influence of magnesite emissions on the surface waxes of Norway spruce and silver fir

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bermadinger ◽  
D. Grill ◽  
P. Golob
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Marked Effect ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Silver Fir ◽  
Fine Dust ◽  
Surface Waxes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dust Load ◽  
Scanning Electron

The difference in vigour between Picea abies (L.) Karst. and Abies alba Mill, in an area exposed to fine dust containing MgO is reflected in scanning electron microscope studies of the needle surfaces. The greater vitality of the silver fir is correlated with intact wax structures and a somewhat lower dust load. In contrast, the spruce reveals a marked effect on the epicuticular wax by a heavy fine-dust load. Possible causes and physiological consequences are discussed.

Determination of the diameter of the electron probe of a scanning electron microscope

1993 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1348-1350
Author(s):  
Yu. A. Novikov ◽  
A. V. Rakov ◽  
I. Yu. Stekolin ◽  
I. B. Strizhkov
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Scanning Electron

Comparison of Lini0.5Mn1.5O4 and LiMn2O4 for Lithium-Ion Battery

2013 ◽  
Vol 860-863 ◽  
pp. 956-959
Author(s):  
Xing Hua Liang ◽  
Lin Shi ◽  
Yu Si Liu ◽  
Tian Jiao Liu ◽  
Chao Chao Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Retention Rate ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Charge Discharge ◽  
Scanning Electron

The High Potential Material Lini0.5Mn1.5O4 was Synthesized via Solid-State Reaction.The Surface Morphology and Particle Size of the Sample were Observed by Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM).The Crystal Structure of the Sample was Collected and Analyzed through X-Ray Diffractometry(XRD).The Sample was Charaterized by Charge-Discharge Tests.Results Indicated that the Cycling Retention Rate was about 80%,after being Charge-Diacharged at a Rate of 0.1C in a Voltage of 3.45-4.77V for 10 Times.Compared with Limn2O4,LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 has good cycle performance.Both of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 structure were space group of Fd3m.

A Scanning Electron Microscope With Two Secondary Electron Detectors and Its Application to the Surface Topography Measurements of Magnetic Media

1992 ◽  
Vol 114 (2) ◽  
pp. 274-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Tanaka ◽  
K. Nishimori ◽  
K. Maeda ◽  
J. Matsuda ◽  
M. Hotta
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Secondary Electron ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Magnetic Media ◽  
Wear Process ◽  
Surface Gradient ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Scanning Electron

A scanning electron microscope (SEM) with two secondary electron detectors is applied for the surface topography measurement of magnetic media. The principle of gradient determination of the SEM is based on a relation that the difference in the square signals between the two detectors is linearly proportional to surface gradient. The great advantage of the instrument is the capability of relocation for profiling. It is extremely useful for the examination of wear process at a fixed position in a sequential manner during wear testing. This is demonstrated by two sample data of measurement on thin film rigid disks.

scholarly journals Calculated interdiffusivities resulting from different fitting functions applied to measured concentration profiles in Cu-rich fcc Cu-Ni-Sn alloys at 1073 K

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Liu ◽  
D. Liu ◽  
Y. Du ◽  
S. Liu ◽  
D. Kuang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Error Propagation ◽  
Scientific Method ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Bulk Diffusion ◽  
Ternary Systems ◽  
Concentration Profiles ◽  
Diffusion Couples ◽  
Green Method ◽  
Measured Concentration ◽  
Interdiffusion Coefficients

Employing six groups of bulk diffusion couples together with electron probe microanalysis technique, the compositiondependences of ternary interdiffusion coefficients in Cu-rich fcc Cu-Ni-Sn alloys at 1073 K were determined via the Whittle and Green method. Different fitting functions applied to the measured concentration profiles are utilized to extract the interdiffusion coefficients of fcc Cu-Ni-Sn alloys. The errors for the obtained interdiffusivities are evaluated by a scientific method considering the error propagation. The calculated diffusion coefficients using the Boltzmann and additive Boltzmann functions are found to be with reasonable errors and show a general agreement with those using other fitting functions. Based on the Boltzmann and additive Boltzmann functions, the interdiffusivities in Cu-rich fcc Cu-Ni-Sn alloys at 1073 K are obtained and validated by thermodynamic constraints. The Boltzmann and additive Boltzmann functions are recommended to be used for the fitting of measured concentration profiles in other ternary systems for the sake of extracting ternary diffusivities.

Scanning Electron Microscopic Observation of Platelets in Hemostasis

1973 ◽  
Vol 29 (01) ◽  
pp. 168-182
Author(s):  
Tatsuo Shimamoto ◽  
Hiroh Yamazaki ◽  
Takio Shimamoto
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Electron Microscopic Observation ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Shed Blood ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Glutaraldehyde Solution ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Scanning Electron

SummaryTo observe the very early changes in platelets during hemostasis, exposed carotid arteries of 3 rabbits were punctured with a needle, immediately fixed by 0.5% glutaraldehyde solution and their inner surface examined with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Many platelets adhered in each case to the inner surface of the artery around the wound and all of them, whether solitary or aggregated, showed a spheroidal form with several pseudopodia.Platelets in shed blood from the incised ear vein of 3 control and 3 heparinized rabbits were fixed by glutaraldehyde and observed by SEM. The percentage of aggregated platelets was 60.9% in the control and 84.1 % in the heparinized rabbits immediately after the incision. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). Sixty seconds after the incision, the percentages of aggregated platelets in the samples from the control and heparinized rabbits were 78.8% and 62.2% respectively. The difference was significant (P < 0.01). In accordance with this phenomenon, the percentage of the number of flat platelets decreased and that of altered platelets increased in the control rabbits. In the heparinized rabbits, far fewer flat platelets and larger numbers of altered platelets were observed in the samples than in those of the control rabbits immediately after the bleeding. However, 15 or 30 seconds later, the platelets of the heparinized rabbits showed fewer changes than those of the control.

TRANSFORMING UNDERGRADUATE EDUCATION IN THE GEOSCIENCES USING REMOTELY-OPERATED ELECTRON PROBE MICROANALYZER AND SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE: CURES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven Holbik ◽  
◽  
Jeffrey Ryan ◽  
Rosemary Hickey-Vargas ◽  
James H. MacDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Undergraduate Education ◽  
Electron Probe ◽  
Electron Probe Microanalyzer ◽  
Scanning Electron
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