Using Non-Destructive Methods for the Characterization of Concrete in Aggressive Environments

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 62-70
Author(s):  
Khial Nassima ◽  
Rachid Mehaddene
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Financial Impact ◽  
Cement Matrix ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Concrete Elements ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Destructive Methods

The durability of reinforced concrete structures is reduced by the chloride penetration and susceptibility of the reinforcement to chloride induced corrosion which is considered a critical physic-chemical case. As the financial impact of the phenomena is very important, it seems essential to determine it influence on strength of reinforced concrete elements subjected to aggressive environnement such us the presence of chlorides when exposed to marine environnement. As such, the determination of the ion concentrations of chlorides profile within the cement matrix is of major importance, it tool to estimate the time required by the chlorides to reach the reinforcements in sufficient quantity to depassivate the steel.

scholarly journals Analyzing of Coatings on Steel - Reinforced Concrete Elements by Mobile NMR

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Orlowsky
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Building Site ◽  
Steel Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Mobile Nmr ◽  
The Individual ◽  
First Time ◽  
Concrete Elements ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract A large number of infrastructural concrete buildings are protected against aggressive environments by coating systems. The functionality of these coating systems is mainly affected by the composition and thickness of the individual polymeric layers. For the first time ever, a mobile nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) sensor allows a non-destructive determination of these important parameters on the building site. However, before this technique can be used on steel-reinforced concrete elements, the potential effect of the reinforcement on the measurement, i.e. the NMR signal, needs to be studied. The results show a shift of the NMR profile as well as an increase of the signals amplitude in the case of the reinforced samples, while calculating the thickness of concrete coating leading to identical results.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE CURRENT STATE OF THE CONCRETE STRUCTURE OF THE TRIBUNE

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
MIROSLAV BRODŇAN ◽  
PETER KOTEŠ
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Structure ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structure ◽  
Complex State ◽  
Load Bearing ◽  
Current State ◽  
Concrete Elements ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Destructive Methods

The paper is focused on diagnostics of reinforced concrete structure of the tribune of Závodisko Bratislava. The structure was realized by a combination of monolithic and prefabricated concrete elements as well as steel load-bearing elements. The complex state of the rough construction was evaluated, including the verification survey of the foundation of the construction. Non-destructive and destructive methods were used. Based on the results of the diagnostics and recalculation, it was decided to further progress the finish of the tribune.

Characterization and Control of Copper CMP with Optoacoustic Metrology

2001 ◽  
Vol 671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gostein ◽  
Paul Lefevre ◽  
Alex A. Maznev ◽  
Michael Joffe
Keyword(s):  
Film Thickness ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Chemical Mechanical Polishing ◽  
High Spatial Resolution ◽  
Mechanical Polishing ◽  
Length Measurement ◽  
And Control ◽  
Non Destructive

ABSTRACTWe discuss applications of optoacoustic film thickness metrology for characterization of copper chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP). We highlight areas where the use of optoacoustics for CMP characterization provides data complementary to that obtained by other techniques because of its ability to directly measure film thickness with high spatial resolution in a rapid, non-destructive manner. Examples considered include determination of planarization length, measurement of film thickness at intermediate stages of polish, and measurement of arrays of metal lines.

Determination of the Hydrogen Concentration in Zr-2.5Nb Alloy by a Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy

2006 ◽  
Vol 321-323 ◽  
pp. 1576-1579
Author(s):  
Yong Moo Cheong ◽  
Young Suk Kim
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Concentration ◽  
Zirconium Alloy ◽  
Nuclear Reactor ◽  
Zirconium Alloys ◽  
Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy ◽  
Heavy Water Reactor ◽  
Resonant Ultrasound ◽  
Non Destructive

Zirconium alloys are used for many applications in nuclear components, such as the pressure tube material in a pressurized heavy water reactor, nuclear fuel cladding, etc. One of the problems during the operation of a nuclear reactor is the degradation of the zirconium alloys, which is due to an increase of the hydrogen content in the zirconium alloy. Therefore a non-destructive determination of the hydrogen concentration in zirconium alloy is one of the important issues that need to be addressed. The resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) technique is evaluated for a characterization of the hydrogen concentration in Zr-2.5Nb alloy. Referring to the terminal solid solubility for dissolution (TSSD) of Zr-2.5Nb alloy, the plot of the mechanical damping coefficient (Q-1) versus the temperature or the deviation of the resonant frequency for the temperature (df/dT) versus the temperature was correlated for the hydrogen concentration in Zr-2.5Nb alloy. It was found that the temperature at an abrupt change of the slope can be correlated with the hydrogen concentration of the Zr-2.5Nb alloy.

scholarly journals TO DETERMINATION OF THE CRACKING MOMENT FOR BENDING REINFORCED CONCRETE ELEMENTS WITH ACCOUNT OF PLASTIC DEFORMATIONS OF CONCRETE IN THE TENSION AREA

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
О.В. Радайкин ◽  
Oleg Radaykin
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Deformation Model ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Class A ◽  
Standard Calculation ◽  
Plasticity Coefficient ◽  
Concrete Elements ◽  
Nonlinear Deformation Model ◽  
Good Agreement

At the standard calculation of the cracking moment for bending reinforced concrete elements the plasticity coefficient γ is normally used, which according to SP 63.13330.2012 is 35% less than in the old SNiP 2.03.01-84*. The question arises, what is the reason for such a noticeable difference and which of the methods gives more reliable results? This article seeks to answer this question. For this purpose the physical meaning of the coefficient γ was considered in detail, with the usage of a nonlinear deformation model of a normal section. A calculation formula for γ depending on an element’s reinforcement degree was obtained, which is valid for conventional concrete of B15-B35 class. A comparison of the calculated cracking moment according to the proposed method with experiments by the other authors was carried out. A good agreement of results was observed.

scholarly journals ENSAIOS NÃO DESTRUTIVOS PARA AVALIAÇÃO DA RIGIDEZ EM ELEMENTOS DE CONCRETO ARMADO / NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTS FOR ASSESSING STIFFNESS IN REINFORCED CONCRETE ELEMENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 20009-20018
Author(s):  
Felipe Borges Fonseca ◽  
Horácio Ferreira Dias Gonçalves ◽  
Claudete Oliveira Kenvyn ◽  
Cristian Cley Paterniani Rita ◽  
Wendell de Queiróz Lamas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Elements ◽  
Non Destructive

Assessment of Multiple Epilayer III-V Compound Semi-Conductors by Synchrotron Radiation Diffractometry

1985 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Bowen ◽  
S.T. Davies ◽  
S. Swaminathan
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Optoelectronic Device ◽  
Double Crystal ◽  
Rocking Curve ◽  
Active Layers ◽  
Methods Of Evaluation ◽  
Inp Substrates ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Destructive Methods

An extensive programme of characterization of optoelectronic device material has been performed at the Synchrotron Radiation Source, Baresbury Laboratory, in collaboration with Plessey Research, Caswell. The material was grown by Plessey Research by liquid phase epitaxy on InP substrates and had quaternary active layers with, usually, four epilayers in total. Some specimens had graded epilayers. This paper reports use of the methods of double crystal topography, rocking curve analysis and simulation, selective etching and Talysurf measurement in order to develop and assess non-destructive methods of evaluation. The destructive methods above were therefore used in order to test and verify the non-destructive X-ray techniques.

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