Numerical Investigation of the Overall Stiffness of Carbon Nanotube-Based Composite Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 47-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyedmehdi Mavalizadeh ◽  
Moones Rahmandoust ◽  
Andreas Öchsner
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Representative Volume Element ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Volume Element ◽  
Matrix Volume ◽  
The Matrix

In this study, a finite element model of a representative volume element that contains a hollow and filled single-walled Carbon nanotube (SWCNT) in two case studies was generated. It was assumed that the nanocomposites have geometric periodicity with respect to local length scale and the elastic properties can be represented by those of the representative volume element (RVE). Elastic properties in agreement with existing literature values for the Carbon nanotube and the matrix were assigned. Then for the two case studies, the tensile test was simulated to find the effect of the geometry, i.e. the volume fraction of matrix and SWCNT's properties variation, on the effective Young's modulus of the structure. In another approach, by applying perpendicular loading to the tube direction, the effect of matrix volume fraction on the transverse Young's modulus was studied. The investigations showed that for both RVEs with filled SWCNT and hollow SWCNT, the effective Young's modulus of the structure decreases approximately linear as the matrix volume fraction increases. The value of Young's modulus of the RVE with a filled Carbon nanotube was obtained to be higher than the RVE with the hollow Carbon nanotube. In addition, by increasing the tube diameter, the effective Young's modulus of the structure increases and the transverse Young's modulus decreases approximately linear for filled tubes but this parameter remains rather constant in the case of the hollow tube by increasing the matrix volume fraction.

Investigating the elastic behavior of carbon nanocone reinforced nanocomposites

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (14) ◽  
pp. 2908-2922
Author(s):  
Bhavik A Ardeshana ◽  
Umang B Jani ◽  
Ajay M Patel ◽  
Anand Y Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Representative Volume Element ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Volume Element ◽  
Elastic Behavior ◽  
Representative Volume ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
The Matrix

This paper deals with the evaluation of the effective mechanical properties of carbon nanocone centered composites using a 3D nanoscale representative volume element based on continuum mechanics. For extracting the effective material constants, the authors have taken the basis of theories of elasticity. The results constituting the effective Young's modulus of the composite and Poisson's ratio for different parameters stated above have been presented and validated with rule of mixtures. It can be clearly visualized from the results that the load-carrying capacities of carbon nanocones in the representative volume elements are quite significant and the same has been demonstrated with subsequent cases. Simulation-based modeling can show a considerable part in the improvement of carbon nanocone-based composites by providing results that help in appreciative of the performance of composites. Moreover, for a volume fraction of the CNC as 2.33% in a cylindrical representative volume element and a 19.2° apex angle of the cone, the stiffness of the composite can increase as many as 4.9 times of the matrix. Similarly for hexagonal and square, the increase is in terms of 4.3 and 3.01 times respectively. Cylindrical representative volume element is the best as it provides the maximum reinforcement in terms of effective Young's modulus of the composite. Carbon nanocone-based composites provide results that help in understanding the elastic behavior of composites.

Fibers of Bamboo and Hem Palm Tree

2001 ◽  
Vol 702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeyasu Amada
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
Bamboo Fibers ◽  
The One

ABSTRACTBamboo is a typical composite material which is axially reinforced by very strong fibers. So that, the fibers play an important role for the bamboo structure. The elastic properties of the bamboo culm have been measured only by tensile test so far, which needs a large specimen. Recently ultra-sonic technique, which has a simple procedure and uses a small specimen, has been applied to woods as well as metals. This report reviews about the elastic properties of bamboo and Hemp palm fibers. The Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of the bamboo fibers are measured by ultra-sonic method with a transmitting wave. On the other hand, the strength of the bamboo and Hemp palm fibers are measured by the tensile tests. Using the volume fraction of fibers in the specimen and mixture principle, the Young's modulus and strength of the fibers and parenchyma were obtained. The fiber has a high strength up to 1GPa and an strong anisotropic property because its axial Young's modulus has 7 times higher than the one in the transverse direction.

scholarly journals Nonlinear Multi-Scale Finite Element Method to Predict Tensile Behavior of Carbon Nanotube-Reinforced Polymer Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsan Mohammadpour ◽  
Mokhtar Awang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Representative Volume Element ◽  
Interfacial Shear ◽  
Tensile Behavior ◽  
Volume Element ◽  
Nonlinear Material ◽  
Representative Volume ◽  
The Matrix

The ability of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to consider as the strongest and stiffest elements in nanoscale composites remains a powerful motivation for the research in this area. This paper describes a finite element (FE) approach for prediction of the mechanical behavior of polypropylene (PP) matrix reinforced with single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). A representative volume element is proposed for modeling the tensile behavior of aligned CNTs/PP composites. The CNT is modeled with solid elements. Modified Morse potential is used for simulating the mechanical properties of an isolated carbon nanotube. The matrix is modeled as a continuum medium by utilizing an appropriate nonlinear material model. A cohesive zone model is assumed between the nanotube and the matrix with perfect bonding until the interfacial shear stress exceeds the bonding strength. Using the representative volume element, a unidirectional CNT/PP composite was modeled and the results were compared with corresponding rule-of-mixtures predictions. The effect of interfacial shear strength on the tensile behavior of the nanocomposite was also studied. The influence of the SWCNT within the polymer is clearly illustrated and discussed. The results showed that polymer's Young's modulus and tensile strength increase significantly in the presence of carbon nanotubes.

Property Prediction of Composites with Different Fiber Volume Fractions by Representative Volume Element Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 275-277 ◽  
pp. 1605-1609
Author(s):  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Cheng Hong Duan
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Representative Volume Element ◽  
Fiber Volume Fraction ◽  
Empirical Equation ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Volume Element ◽  
Fiber Volume ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Representative Volume ◽  
Properties Of Composites

In this paper, a representative volume element (RVE) model of composites with different fiber volume fraction is established by ANSYS finite element software. The stiffness matrix of the RVE model can be calculated by studying its stress field, and then the elastic properties of composites could be obtained. By comparing with the results from NASA empirical equation, the reliability of the method can be proved. This is a new way to predict the elastic properties of composites.

scholarly journals A Quasi-Static Quantitative Ultrasound Elastography Algorithm Using Optical Flow

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3010
Author(s):  
Raphael Lamprecht ◽  
Florian Scheible ◽  
Marion Semmler ◽  
Alexander Sutor
Keyword(s):  
Optical Flow ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Ultrasound Elastography ◽  
Static Compression ◽  
Tissue Properties ◽  
A Performance

Ultrasound elastography is a constantly developing imaging technique which is capable of displaying the elastic properties of tissue. The measured characteristics could help to refine physiological tissue models, but also indicate pathological changes. Therefore, elastography data give valuable insights into tissue properties. This paper presents an algorithm that measures the spatially resolved Young’s modulus of inhomogeneous gelatin phantoms using a CINE sequence of a quasi-static compression and a load cell measuring the compressing force. An optical flow algorithm evaluates the resulting images, the stresses and strains are computed, and, conclusively, the Young’s modulus and the Poisson’s ratio are calculated. The whole algorithm and its results are evaluated by a performance descriptor, which determines the subsequent calculation and gives the user a trustability index of the modulus estimation. The algorithm shows a good match between the mechanically measured modulus and the elastography result—more precisely, the relative error of the Young’s modulus estimation with a maximum error 35%. Therefore, this study presents a new algorithm that is capable of measuring the elastic properties of gelatin specimens in a quantitative way using only the image data. Further, the computation is monitored and evaluated by a performance descriptor, which measures the trustability of the results.

scholarly journals Comparative study of elastic properties and mode I fracture energy of carbon nanotube/epoxy and carbon fibre/epoxy laminated composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyotikalpa Bora ◽  
Sushen Kirtania
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Fracture Energy ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Laminated Composites ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Fe Analysis ◽  
Mode I ◽  
Mode I Fracture

Abstract A comparative study of elastic properties and mode I fracture energy has been presented between conventional carbon fibre (CF)/epoxy and advanced carbon nanotube (CNT)/epoxy laminated composite materials. The volume fraction of CNT fibres has been considered as 15%, 30%, and 60% whereas; the volume fraction of CF has been kept constant at 60%. Three stacking sequences of the laminates viz.[0/0/0/0], [0/90/0/90] and [0/30/–30/90] have been considered in the present analysis. Periodic microstructure model has been used to calculate the elastic properties of the laminated composites. It has been observed analytically that the addition of only 15% CNT in epoxy will give almost the same value of longitudinal Young’s modulus as compared to the addition of 60% CF in epoxy. Finite element (FE) analysis of double cantilever beam specimens made from laminated composite has also been performed. It has been observed from FE analysis that the addition of 15% CNT in epoxy will also give almost the same value of mode I fracture energy as compared to the addition of 60% CF in epoxy. The value of mode I fracture energy for [0/0/0/0] laminated composite is two times higher than the other two types of laminated composites.

scholarly journals Representative volume element based micromechanical modelling of rod shaped glass filled epoxy composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aanchna Sharma ◽  
Yashwant Munde ◽  
Vinod Kushvaha
Keyword(s):  
Representative Volume Element ◽  
Poisson’S Ratio ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Volume Element ◽  
Poisson's Ratio ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Micromechanical Modeling ◽  
Representative Volume ◽  
Shaped Glass

AbstractIn this study, Representative Volume Element based micromechanical modeling technique has been implemented to assess the mechanical properties of glass filled epoxy composites. Rod shaped glass fillers having an aspect ratio of 80 were used for preparing the epoxy composite. The three-dimensional unit cell model of representative volume element was prepared with finite element analysis tool ANSYS 19 using the periodic square and hexagonal array with an assumption that there is a perfect bonding between the filler and the epoxy matrix. Results revealed that the tensile modulus increases and Poisson’s ratio decreases with increase in the volume fraction of the filler. To study the effect of filler volume fraction, the pulse echo techniques were used to experimentally measure the tensile modulus and Poisson’s ratio for 5% to 15% volume fraction of the filler. A good agreement was found between the RVE based predicted values and the experimental results.

scholarly journals A parametric prediction of the Young’s modulus of polymers enhanced with ΜWCNTs

2018 ◽  
Vol 233 ◽  
pp. 00025
Author(s):  
P.V. Polydoropoulou ◽  
K.I. Tserpes ◽  
Sp.G. Pantelakis ◽  
Ch.V. Katsiropoulos
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Unit Cells ◽  
Random Dispersion

In this work a multi-scale model simulating the effect of the dispersion, the waviness as well as the agglomerations of MWCNTs on the Young’s modulus of a polymer enhanced with 0.4% MWCNTs (v/v) has been developed. Representative Unit Cells (RUCs) have been employed for the determination of the homogenized elastic properties of the MWCNT/polymer. The elastic properties computed by the RUCs were assigned to the Finite Element (FE) model of a tension specimen which was used to predict the Young’s modulus of the enhanced material. Furthermore, a comparison with experimental results obtained by tensile testing according to ASTM 638 has been made. The results show a remarkable decrease of the Young’s modulus for the polymer enhanced with aligned MWCNTs due to the increase of the CNT agglomerations. On the other hand, slight differences on the Young’s modulus have been observed for the material enhanced with randomly-oriented MWCNTs by the increase of the MWCNTs agglomerations, which might be attributed to the low concentration of the MWCNTs into the polymer. Moreover, the increase of the MWCNTs waviness led to a significant decrease of the Young’s modulus of the polymer enhanced with aligned MWCNTs. The experimental results in terms of the Young’s modulus are predicted well by assuming a random dispersion of MWCNTs into the polymer.

scholarly journals High-Temperature Elastic Properties of Yttrium-Doped Barium Zirconate

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 968
Author(s):  
Fumitada Iguchi ◽  
Keisuke Hinata
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Elastic Properties ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Barium Zirconate ◽  
Shear Moduli ◽  
Ceramic Fuel ◽  
Yttrium Concentration ◽  
Ceramic Fuel Cells

The elastic properties of 0, 10, 15, and 20 mol% yttrium-doped barium zirconate (BZY0, BZY10, BZY15, and BZY20) at the operating temperatures of protonic ceramic fuel cells were evaluated. The proposed measurement method for low sinterability materials could accurately determine the sonic velocities of small-pellet-type samples, and the elastic properties were determined based on these velocities. The Young’s modulus of BZY10, BZY15, and BZY20 was 224, 218, and 209 GPa at 20 °C, respectively, and the values decreased as the yttrium concentration increased. At high temperatures (>20 °C), as the temperature increased, the Young’s and shear moduli decreased, whereas the bulk modulus and Poisson’s ratio increased. The Young’s and shear moduli varied nonlinearly with the temperature: The values decreased rapidly from 100 to 300 °C and gradually at temperatures beyond 400 °C. The Young’s modulus of BZY10, BZY15, and BZY20 was 137, 159, and 122 GPa at 500 °C, respectively, 30–40% smaller than the values at 20 °C. The influence of the temperature was larger than that of the change in the yttrium concentration.

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